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It is hard to say that a telephone is just a telephone anymore. Not only does it let you hear Grandma's voice from miles away clearer than ever before, but it is providing even more important information services to its users. By the year 2000, American householders will rely on the telephone system for shopping, computing, playing the stock market, making airline reservations, and watching television. The lives of heart patients may depend on telephones with on line electronic systems altering their doctors to emergencies. This is in addition to American business managers who currently rely on their telephones for sales orders, inventory control, banking, video image transmission, and many other tasks.
New technologies, such as advanced computing and fiber optics, make telecommunications services cheap and quick. In addition, since the breakup of AT&T, the competition spawned (引起) among many phone companies has emphasized price changes and introduced innovative services.
But despite the stimulus to provide commercial benefits during normal operation, one essential ingredient is missing—the incentive to design for emergency preparedness in the event of disaster. The telephone system is improving its ability to respond to some emergencies such as wartime attack, but is not prepared to handle terrorism, natural disasters, fires or accidents.
Before divestiture (解体) AT&T operated a national emergency center that coordinated all procedures during a disaster. Today, in lieu of the previous AT&T center, a government agency—the National Communications System (NCS) —operates the National Coordinating Center to address disasters related to telecommunications. In addition, the numerous phone companies and large communications suppliers have developed mechanisms of their own to respond to limited emergency situations, but massive emergencies are beyond their capabilities.
1. What does “anymore” in the first sentence of Paragraph 1 mean?
A. in any case B. at no time
C. not longer D. nowadays
2. “In Lieu of” in Paragraph 4 is used to mean
A. instead of B. because of
C. In spite of D. due to
3. The writer's main purpose is to
A. describe phenomena
B. propose a motion of the modem telecommunications sciences
C. amuse attention to the limited uses of telephone in the event of disaster
D. argue a belief of telephone
4. What would the following paragraph after Paragraph 4 more probably deal with?
A. the examples of emergencies that telephone system can not deal with
B. different opinions towards the telephone services
C. the writer's conclusion of the passage
D. the disadvantages of the National Communications System
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Condoleezza Rice is used to standing out. It is not only because she holds the position as U.S. Secretary of State. Her youth, gender and skin color have 36 a lot of attention throughout her political career.
Condoleezza Rice, 37 as Condi to her close friends, was born in 1954 in Birmingham. During 1950s,blacks were not treated as 38 citizens in the south. Although slavery was 39 in 1865,the southern states passed their own laws to continue the 40 of blacks and whites. Despite the discrimination 41 black people, her parents told her she could become? 42 she wanted. They taught her to believe that great things were 43 for her.
Rice was a gifted student with a 44 for the piano and she entered college at the age of 15 with the 45 of becoming a concert pianist. Along the way she was 46 by political? scientist Josef Korbel, the father of former U.S. Secretary of State Madeleine Albright. Rice 47 her plans and studied international politics, and in the 1980s she was teaching at Stanford University, 48 her career developed quickly. She 49 on George H. Bush's national security council(顾问) in 1989.Later she 50 to Stanford, and became its youngest, first female and first 51 provost after two years.
In 2001,Rice re-entered the political world, 52 George W. Bush's national security advisor. She has drawn international 53 in this position, and has been the most powerful national security advisors in American 54 .
She held this position until 2005,when 55 Secretary of State.
36.A. directed B. turned C. paid D. attracted?
37.A. known B. Considered C. Seen D. accepted?
38.A. respectful B. equal C. different D. noble?
39.A. finished B. Stopped C. Prevented D. ended?
40.A. difference B. disagreement C. separation D. division?
41.A. against B. to C. with D. towards?
42.A. whoever B. whomever C. whatever D. whichever?
43.A. desiring B. waiting C. preparing D. longing?
44.A. talent B. interest C. hobby D. favourite?
45.A. purpose B. goal C. intention D. attention?
46.A. effected B. affected C. impressed D. influenced?
47.A. changed B. postponed C. cancelled D. exchanged?
48.A. which B. where C. when D. that?
49.A. acted B. waited C. served D. called?
50.A. paid a visit B. showed concern C. attended D. returned?
51.A. black B. white C. capable D. efficient?
52.A. turning B. holding C. becoming D. taking?
53.A. praise B. approval C. criticism D. attention?
54.A. politics B. history C. culture D. government?
55.A. elected B. invited C. appointed D. succeeded??
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Have you ever imagined that you could be cloned like Dolly the sheep in the not too distant future?
The news that a human embryo (胚胎) has been 1 cloned for the first time has caused mixed reactions (反映).
The 2 was carried out by scientists from the Advanced Cell Technology Inc (ACT), in Massachusetts, US. The group 3 the news on November 25.
“This is 4 human being. A clone is alive, it walks, it breathes,” said Jamie Grifo, 5 on the study of cloning at New York University School of Medicine.
“This is a set of cells in a lab that will be used to 6 someone's life. ”
Such research could lead to treatment for 7 such as heart diseases, AIDS and even cancer, 8 scientists.
Despite high hopes from other scientists, the news raised concerns immediately from religious and political leaders. Several 9 in the US do not allow human cloning. President George W. Bush also made it clear that he is 10 any type of human cloning. However, the scientists at ACT said they have no interest at present in 11 an early embryo into __12__.
Animals have been cloned repeatedly since Dolly the sheep 13 in 1997. And there were no real technical 14 to stand in the way of scientists making a cloned human embryo.
This time the research group used traditional cloning technology with a human 15
16 it was given DNA from an adult cell, the egg began to __17__.__18__ it was stopped from becoming a baby--at a stage in which it was 19 a ball of cells. The 20 technology has been used to clone sheep, cattle and monkeys.
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A. according to
B. including
C. besides
D. argued
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(11)
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A. developing
B. building
C. inventing
D. discovering
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Like many of my generation, I have a weakness for hero worship. At some point, however, we all begin to question our heroes and our need for them. This leads us to ask: What is a hero?
Despite immense differences in cultures, heroes around the world generally share a number of characteristics that instruct and inspire people.
A hero does something worth talking about. A hero has a story of adventure to tell and a community who will listen. But a hero goes beyond mere fame.
Heroes serve powers or principles larger than themselves. Like high-voltage(电压) transformers, heroes take the energy of higher powers and step it down so that it can be used by ordinary people.
The hero lives a life worthy of imitation. Those who imitate a genuine hero experience life with new depth, enthusiasm, and meaning. A sure test for would-be heroes is what or whom do they serve? What are they willing to live and die for? If the answer or evidence suggests they serve only their own fame, they may be famous persons but not heroes. Madonna and Michael Jackson are famous, but who would claim that their fans find life more abundant?
Heroes are catalysts (催化剂) for change. They have a vision from the mountaintop. They have the skill and the charm to move the masses. They create new possibilities. Without Gandhi, India might still be part of the British Empire. Without Rosa Parks and Martin Luther King, Jr., we might still have segregated(隔离的) buses, restaurants, and parks. It may be possible for large-scale change to occur without leaders with magnetic personalities, but the pace of change would be slow, the vision uncertain, and the committee meetings endless.
1. Although heroes may come from different cultures, they _______.
A. generally possess certain inspiring characteristics
B. probably share some weaknesses of ordinary people
C. are often influenced by previous generations
D. all unknowingly attract a large number of fans
2. According to the passage, heroes are compared to high-voltage transformers in that ____.
A. they have a vision from the mountaintop
B. they have warm feelings and emotions
C. they can serve as concrete(具体的) examples of noble principles
D. they can make people feel stronger and more confident
3. Madonna and Michael Jackson are not considered heroes because ________.
A. they are popular only among certain groups of people
B. their performances do not improve their fans morally
C. their primary concern is their own financial interests
D. they are not clear about the principles they should follow
4. Gandhi and Martin Luther King are typical examples of outstanding leaders who ___.
A. are good at demonstrating their charming characters
B. can move the masses with the skill and the charm
C. are capable of meeting all challenges and hardships
D. can provide an answer to the problems of their people
5. The author concludes that historical changes would ______.
A. be delayed without leaders with inspiring personal qualities
B. not happen without heroes making the necessary sacrifices
C. take place if there were heroes to lead the people
D. produce leaders with attractive personalities
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