摘要: 行动的愿望 the willingness to act

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Health and climate scientists have mapped how climate change affects different parts of the world in different ways. The scientists point to the fact that changes in the past thirty years may, have been affecting human health. Possible effects include more deaths from extreme(极度的) heat or cold, more storms and more crop failures in dry periods.

The health and climate scientists recently estimated(估计) that climate changes caused by human activity lead to more than one hundred and fifty thousand deaths each year. Cases of sickness are estimated at five million. And the W.H.O. says the numbers could rise quickly by the year of 2003.

Jonathan Patz of an environmental institute led the study. Professor Patz points out that climate scientists connected global warming with the heat that killed thousands in Europe in August, 2003. But he says poor countries least responsible(对……负责) for the warming are most in danger from the health effects of higher temperatures.

Professor Patz says areas in greatest danger include southern and eastern Africa and coastlines along the Pacific and Indian oceans. Also, large cities experience what scientists call a "heat island"effect that can make conditions worse.

Representatives(代表) from about two hundred countries hold a meeting in Canada, to discuss climate change. The ten-day meeting ends on December 9th. It is the first such United Nations meeting since the Kyoto Protocol(京都议定书) took effect earlier this year. The agreement aims to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide(二氧化碳) and other heat-trapping(吸热的) gases sent off into the air.

1.Who is Jonathan Patz?

A.A scientist responsible for the climate change.

B.A scientist in charge of the study of the climate change.

C.A professor interested in the climate change.

D.A professor who is a representative from an African country.

2.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

A.Climate changes affect different parts of the world in the same way.

B.The ten-day meeting is the first United Nations meeting on climate change.

C.The Kyoto Protocol aims to make smaller the amount of heat-trapping gases into the air.

D.Poor countries are responsible for the global warming.

3.Possible effects from the climate changes include the following EXCEPT ______.

A.crop failures

B.storms

C.more deaths from overheat

D.air pollution

4.According to the health and climate scientists, climate changes have been caused by ______.

A.dry weather

B.cold weather

C.human activities

D.storms

5.We can infer from the passage that ______.

A.climate changes are having a bad effect on human’s health

B.Professor Patz leads the study of climate changes

C.a "heat island"effect large cities experience makes the matter worse

D.rich countries are most responsible for climate changes

 

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Counterfeit ( 假的) medicines are a widespread problem in developing countries. Like other counterfeits, they look like real products. But counterfeit drugs may contain too little or none of the active ingredients of the real thing.
People do not get the medicine they need. And in some cases counterfeits cause death. Twenty children in Bangladesh died last year after being given acetaminophen(醋氨酚). The medications contained ingredients that looked, smelled and tasted like the real thing. The medicine was produced by a local drug company that used a dangerous substitute to save money.
The problem of counterfeit medicines is especially serious in Africa, Asia and Latin America. The W.H.O. estimates that up to thirty percent of medicines on sale in many of those countries are counterfeit. The problem is less widespread among industrialized countries. The W.H.O. says counterfeits make up less than one percent of the illegal drug market in countries like the United States, Canada, Japan, and New Zealand.
But the agency also says as much as fifty percent of the medicine sold on the Internet is counterfeit.
Much is being done to fight counterfeit drugs. Several companies are developing ways to make counterfeits easier to identify. And there are existing methods, like a machine that can quickly identify chemicals in pills to confirm if the pills are real. Other ideas include things like special tracking codes for drug packages. People could send a text message with the code and get a message back, which proves that what they bought is listed in a database. Some drug makers and other companies put three-dimensional images called holograms (全息图)on their products as a security device.
【小题1】Last year twenty children in Bangladesh died because of _____.

A.online medicinesB.unreal drugs
C.acetaminophenD.unclean water
【小题2】We can draw a conclusion from the passage that______.
A.it is very cheap and convenient to buy medicines online.
B.medicine companies don’t pay much attention to counterfeit drugs.
C.more and more people will buy products online.
D.we had better not buy medicines online.
【小题3】What is the main idea of the last paragraph?
A.It reveals the reasons why counterfeit drugs are widespread.
B.Some measures are being taken to fight counterfeit drugs.
C.Special tracking codes for drug packages are used to identify counterfeits.
D.It shows the danger of counterfeit drugs.
【小题4】Which of the following country may have serious problems of counterfeit medicines?
A.Canada.B.Japan.C.New Zealand.D.India.

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