There are two kinds of physical activity which require special training. The first demands exact careful movements of the muscles（肌肉）. This kind of activity must be strictly controlled because even a slight movement in the wrong direction will lead a mistake. To type quickly, for example, a person needs training; the slightest movement of a finger in the wrong direction may cause a spelling mistake. A dancer who has to dance on the point of her shoes or turn around on one foot must be trained for a long period of time before she can sense her own center and balance herself. You may have seen a girl walking on a rope across an empty space, which, too, requires a lot of practice.

The second kind of physical activity needs greater strength or extra effort. Most of us get tired if we try to run half a mile without stopping, but a specially-trained person can do this without much effort. Three years ago, some scientists carried out experiments, which produced meaningful and unexpected results. They wanted to find out whether a certain amount of physical exercise would injure those suffering from heart problems. They selected some male patients and trained them in continuous bicycle riding. They were surprised to find that the harmful effect of a given amount of physical effort was actually less on the hearts of these trained patients than on those of the patients who were not similarly trained. This is important because it shows that regular physical exercise enables us to make better use of the oxygen（氧气）we breathe in and that this training, in fact, reduces the amount of work our hearts do. Many tasks which are hard for untrained people are not hard at all for trained people.

72．The first kind of physical activity must be strictly controlled because _________.

      A．a mistake in the wrong direction is dangerous to the fingers

       B．a wrong movement in a direction will cause no mistakes

       C．a movement in the wrong direction will cause a mistake

       D．a slight movement of a finger will lead to a mistake

73．What must a dancer do before she can balance herself?

      A．She must dance on the point of her shoes.

       B．She must receive long-time training.

       C．She must turn around on one foot.

       D．She must perform again and again.

74．The experiments done by some scientists showed that ________.

      A．some male patients were asked to ride bicycles regularly in the experiments

       B．the physical exercise had more harmful effect on the hearts of the untrained patients

       C．the physical exercise was harmless to the male patients with heart trouble

       D．the physical exercise could be helpful for the patients to take in more oxygen

75．What would be the best title for this text?

      A．Training Our Bodies      B．Physical Activities

       C．Movement Training       D．Extra Body Effort

请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后图表中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。
When it comes to the prevention of heart disease, women need to pay attention to their own special risks. And so do men. Surprisingly, even children and teens need to be aware- or at least the parents who want to keep them safe do. Thankfully, scientists have also made great leaps in figuring out the specific prevention strategies that work best for all. So now, knowledge is your best protection.
What Men Need to Know
According to the American Heart Association (AHA), at least half of the people who die suddenly from heart disease each year had no clue they were sick. Some think that half of all heart attacks strike out of the blue. Not true, insists Jennifer Mieres, a spokeswoman for the AHA. A 2004 study found that at least 90 percent of first heart attacks are caused by well-known problems like high cholesterol(胆固醇) or diabetes. “If you look closely,” says she, “you’ll almost always find a risk factor that was undiscovered, ignored, or not adequately treated.”
Lifestyle changes like adopting a healthy diet, getting out for regular exercise, avoiding tobacco, losing weight are the first line of defense.
What Women Need to Know
There are some special considerations for the women who are  healthy and want to make sure they stay that way. First, they shouldn’t smoke-no one should, but the habit is even harder on women’s heart than it is on men’s.
Women who find that they are at risk should talk to their doctor about taking a statin(他汀,药物名). Indeed, statins reduce the risk of heart disease, but there has been not enough evidence that they help high-risk women and it can’t guarantee the long-term safety. So it’s worth noting that a healthy diet and exercise also reduce cholesterol.
What Parents Need to Know
Last year, a study showed that overweight children and teens have arteries(动脉)that look like those of an average 45-year-old. New guidelines say these children should get a cholesterol test by age ten -- and even urge doctors to consider statins for those most at risk if nothing else works. The recommendations caused oppositions. Lifestyle changes such as diet and exercise are the best strategy, says Dr. Greer, a professor at the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine. Statins should be considered only for kids in danger.

That “Monday morning feeling” could be a crushing pain in the chest which leaves you sweating and gasping for breath. Recent research from Germany and Italy shows that heart attacks are more common on Monday mornings and doctors blame the stress of returning to work after the weekend break.
The risk of having a heart attack on any given day should be one in seven, but a six-year study helped by researchers at the Free University of Berlin of more than 2,600 Germans showed that the average person had a 20 per cent higher chance of having a heart attack on a Monday than on any other day.
Working Germans are particularly not protected against attack, with a 33 per cent higher risk at the beginning of the working week. Non-workers, by comparison, appear to be no more at risk on a Monday than any other day.
A study of 11,000 Italians proved 8 am on a Monday morning as the most stressful time for the heart, and both studies showed that Sunday is the least stressful day, with fewer heart attacks in both countries.
The findings could lead to a better understanding of what is the immediate cause of heart attacks, according to Dr Stefan Willich of the Free University. “We know a lot about long-term risk factors such as smoking and cholesterol（胆固醇）but we don’t know what actually causes heart attacks, so we can’t give clear advice on how to prevent them,” he said.
Monday mornings have a double helping of stress for the working body as it makes a rapid change from sleep to activity, and from the relaxing weekend to the pressures of work.
“When people get up, their blood pressure and heart rate go up and there are hormonal（内分泌）changes in their bodies,” Willich explained. “All these things can have an unfavourable effect in the blood system and increase the risk of a clot（血凝块）in the arteries（动脉）which will cause a heart attack.”
“When people return to work after a weekend off, the pace of their life changes. They have a higher workload, more stress, more anger and more physical activity,” said Willich.
【小题1】Monday morning feeling, as this passage shows,         .

任务型阅读 (共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)

注意：每个空格只填1个单词

The health dangers of smoking have been well reported. For years, doctors have warned that smoking can cause lung cancer. Studies also have linked smoking to several other kinds of cancer, heart attacks and other diseases, lung diseases, and a number of other medical problems. The repeated health warnings have had an effect. Thousands of people have stopped smoking. But as many people have learned, stopping smoking can be very difficult.

A major problem apparently is the nicotine, a poisonous substance found in tobacco. Small amounts of nicotine are released as tobacco is burned. And over many years of smoking, a person’s body becomes dependenton the substance. A try to stop smoking brings the problems of nicotine withdrawal（脱瘾过程）.

American medical researchers have found that nicotine withdrawal causes people to become angry very easily, aggressive, worried and unable to think sharply. Many people who have tried to stop smoking would confirm those findings.

To help people give up smoking, some tobacco companies have proposed chewing tobacco, or using snuff as safe substitutes（替代物）. Snuff is a tobacco powder that usually is breathed in. But many people put it between their gum and cheek.

A group of British scientists said recently that many lives could be saved by a major program to get cigarette smokers to change to snuff. An American scientist, Allan Blum, disagreed. Dr. Blum argued that snuff, put in the mouth, can cause gum disease, teeth problems and throat problems that lead to cancer. Dr. Blum also warned against chewing tobacco as a substitute for smoking. He said chewing tobacco can lead to cancer of the mouth, throat or digestive system.

Medical researchers say another possible substitute for smoking is a special nicotine chewing gum. The gum is already sold in Europe and Canada. A report says research shows that the chewing gum will increase the amount of nicotine in a person’s blood. This helps satisfy some people’s desire for a cigarette. However, the report says, the chewing gum also leads to some unpleasant side effects. And it may be dangerous for people with heart problems.

Two other American scientists say they have found that the most effective way to stop smoking is to do it completely, suddenly, all at once. The report by Saul Shirtman and Dr. Murray Jogbett says that by stopping all at once, the worst problems of nicotine withdrawal are over in just a few days. But, they say, by continuing to smoke, even a little less each day, the problems of withdrawal never end completely.

That “Monday morning feeling” could be a crushing pain in the chest which leaves you sweating and gasping for breath. Recent research from Germany and Italy shows that heart attacks are more common on Monday mornings and doctors blame the stress of returning to work after the weekend break.

The risk of having a heart attack on any given day should be one in seven, but a six-year study helped by researchers at the Free University of Berlin of more than 2,600 Germans showed that the average person had a 20 percent higher chance of having a heart attack on a Monday than on any other day.

Working Germans are particularly not protected against attack, with a 33 percent higher risk at the beginning of the working week. Non-workers, by comparison, appear to be no more at risk on a Monday than any other day.

A study of 11,000 Italians proved 8 am on a Monday morning as the most stressful time for the heart, and both studies showed that Sunday is the least stressful day, with fewer heart attacks in both countries.

The findings could lead to a better understanding of what is the immediate cause of heart attacks, according to Dr Stefan Willich of the Free University. “We know a lot about long-term risk factors such as smoking and cholesterol（胆固醇）but we don’t know what actually causes heart attacks, so we can’t give clear advice on how to prevent them,” he said.

Monday mornings have a double helping of stress for the working body as it makes a rapid change from sleep to activity, and from the relaxing weekend to the pressures of work.

“When people get up, their blood pressure and heart rate go up and there are hormonal（内分泌）changes in their bodies,” Willich explained. “All these things can have an unfavourable effect in the blood system and increase the risk of a clot（血凝块）in the arteries（动脉）which will cause a heart attack.”

“When people return to work after a weekend off, the pace of their life changes. They have a higher workload, more stress, more anger and more physical activity,” said Willich.

1.．Monday morning feeling, as this passage shows,         .

A. is not so serious as people thought     

B. is harmful to working people in Germany and Italy

C. is the first killer in Germany and Italy.  

D. is created by researchers in Germany and Italy

2.．To protect people from suffering from heart attack, doctors have paid much attention to     .     

A. people’s working time          B. people’s living place      

C. people’s diet and lifestyle    D. people’s nationalities

3.．It can be learned from this passage that heart attack has nothing to do with      .

A. blood pressure     B. heart rate    C. hormonal changes     D. blood group

4.．If the researchers give us some advice to avoid Monday morning feeling, what might it be?

A. Stop working on Monday             B. Create a pleasant working environment

C. Get up late on Monday morning     D. Go to work with a doctor

5..Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A. The risk of having heart attacks on Monday mornings is the same as on any other day of the week to non-workers

B.33% of the Germans have heart diseases, therefore heart attacks are more common in Germany than in any other country.

C.20%of the Italians appear to have higher possibility of having heart attacks.

D. Non-smokers are more likely to have heart attacks on Sundays.