One day, Mr. Arnold was teaching a lesson, and things were going as normally as ever. He was explaining the story of mankind to his pupils. He told them that, in the beginning, men were nomads; they never stayed in the same place for very long. Instead, they would travel about, here and there, in search of food, wherever it was to be found. And when the food ran out, they would move off somewhere else.
He taught them about the invention of farming and keeping animals. This was an important discovery, because by learning to cultivate(耕作)the land, and care for animals, mankind would always have food steadily available. It also meant that people could remain living in one place, and this made it easier to set about tasks that would take a long while to complete, like building towns, cities, and all that were in them. All the children were listening attracted by this story, until Lucy jumped up:
“And if that was so important and improved everything so much, why are we nomads all over again, Mr. Arnold?”
Mr. Arnold didn’t know what to say. Lucy was a very intelligent girl. He knew that she lived with her parents in a house, so she must know that her family were not nomads; so what did she mean?
“We have all become nomads again,” continued Lucy, “The other day, outside the city, they were cutting the forest down. A while ago a fisherman told me how they fish. It’s the same with everyone: when there’s no more forest left the foresters go elsewhere, and when the fish run out the fishermen move on. That’s what the nomads did, isn’t it ?
The teacher nodded, thoughtfully. Really, Lucy was right Mankind had turned into nomads. Instead of looking after the land in a way that we could be sure it would keep supplying our needs, we kept developing it until the land was bare. And then off we would go to the next place! The class spent the rest of the afternoon talking about what they could do to show how to be more civilized.
The next day everyone attended class wearing a green T-shirt, with a message that said “I am not a nomad!”
And , from then on, they set about showing that indeed they were not. Every time they knew they needed something, they made sure that they would get it using care and control. If they needed wood or paper, they would make sure that they got the recycled kind. They ordered their fish from fish farms, making sure that the fish they received were not too young and too small. They only used animals that were well cared for, and brought up on farms.
And so, from their little town, those children managed to give up being nomads again, just as prehistoric men had done, so many thousands of years ago.
【小题1】From Paragraph 2, we can know that______ .

One day, Mr. Arnold was teaching a lesson, and things were going as normally as ever. He was explaining the story of mankind to his pupils. He told them that, in the beginning, men were nomads; they never stayed in the same place for very long. Instead, they would travel about, here and there, in search of food, wherever it was to be found. And when the food ran out, they would move off somewhere else.

He taught them about the invention of farming and keeping animals. This was an important discovery, because by learning to cultivate(耕作)the land, and care for animals, mankind would always have food steadily available. It also meant that people could remain living in one place, and this made it easier to set about tasks that would take a long while to complete, like building towns, cities, and all that were in them. All the children were listening attracted by this story, until Lucy jumped up:

“And if that was so important and improved everything so much, why are we nomads all over again, Mr. Arnold?”

Mr. Arnold didn’t know what to say. Lucy was a very intelligent girl. He knew that she lived with her parents in a house, so she must know that her family were not nomads; so what did she mean?

“We have all become nomads again,” continued Lucy, “The other day, outside the city, they were cutting the forest down. A while ago a fisherman told me how they fish. It’s the same with everyone: when there’s no more forest left the foresters go elsewhere, and when the fish run out the fishermen move on. That’s what the nomads did, isn’t it ?

The teacher nodded, thoughtfully. Really, Lucy was right Mankind had turned into nomads. Instead of looking after the land in a way that we could be sure it would keep supplying our needs, we kept developing it until the land was bare. And then off we would go to the next place! The class spent the rest of the afternoon talking about what they could do to show how to be more civilized.

The next day everyone attended class wearing a green T-shirt, with a message that said “I am not a nomad!”

And , from then on, they set about showing that indeed they were not. Every time they knew they needed something, they made sure that they would get it using care and control. If they needed wood or paper, they would make sure that they got the recycled kind. They ordered their fish from fish farms, making sure that the fish they received were not too young and too small. They only used animals that were well cared for, and brought up on farms.

And so, from their little town, those children managed to give up being nomads again, just as prehistoric men had done, so many thousands of years ago.

1.From Paragraph 2, we can know that______ .

A．people got tired of living in the same place

B．people gradually got used to living in cities

C．people tended to settle down after learning farming

D．people spent a long time in learning to keep animals

2.In the teacher’s opinion, Lucy’s argument was______

A．shocking          B．ridiculous         C．puzzling           D．reasonable

3.Which of the following agrees with the message “I am not a nomad” (Paragraph 7)?

A．People eat young fish for its delicious taste.

B．Foresters leave the place where wood is not available.

C．Fishermen move elsewhere when there is no fish left.

D．People use recycled materials as much as possible.

4.The writer tries to make us believe that ______.

A．mankind has been progressing mainly through traveling about

B．it’s unwise for mankind to use the land in an uncontrolled way

C．it’s quite good for students to learn more about the history of mankind

D．in the beginning men were nomads.

Have you ever seen a piece of recycled paper? About one third of all the paper products made each year are made from waste paper. For example, recycled paper is usually used to make paper sacks. Recycling paper, such as newspapers, reduces the number of trees that must be cut each year to make new paper.

Each person wastes a lot of solid waste. In the United States, the average is eight kilograms of waste each person each day. Most of the waste is garbage and rubbish. Finding places to dispose of solid wastes is a major problem.

In many cities, solid wastes are collected and the rubbish is burned in incinerator plants. Air pollution control devices are used to prevent pollution. Heat produced in the burning may be used to generate electricity. Waste that is not burned is taken to a dump. One kind of dump for the disposal of solid wastes is a sanitary landfill. This method involves burying the wastes and bulldozing soil over them. Parks, baseball fields, airports, and other developments may be built on completely filled landfills.

Recycling solid wastes decreases our need for methods of disposal. The metal in broken cars can be recycled and made into new steel. Worn-out rubber tires can be turned into new ones and used again. Plastics and other rubber products can be recycled. Metal cans and glass bottles can also be recycled. Increased recycling can help meet the increased demand for natural resources.

By recycling resources, people imitate nature. Elements important to life are naturally recycled. Nothing lasts forever. Wood decays, iron rusts, and concrete are worn away by wind and rain. All natural resources used by people eventually go back into the air, water, and earth.

1. What is the main cause of the increased waste according to the passage?

A. Expansion of cities.

B. Development of the paper-making industry.

C. Increased population.

D. Lack of recycling methods.

2. According to the passage, recycling paper is important because _______.

A. better paper sacks can be made out of waste paper

B. the prices of new paper are very high

C. trees are no longer available in the developed countries

D. more trees on the earth can be saved

3. A big problem of solid waste disposal is that _______.

A. solid wastes are poisonous

B. it is difficult to find places to dispose of solid wastes

C. the disposal process is too backward

D. we don’t have enough manpower to dispose of solid wastes

4. Which of the following can not be called recycling?

A. Making new paper from used paper.

B. Using worn-out rubber tires to make new ones.

C. Burying metal cans and glass bottles.

D. Producing new steel from metal in broken cars.

5. What is the writer’s attitude towards recycling?

A. The writer thinks that recycling is necessary and important.

B. The writer thinks it no use recycling.

C. The writer doubts whether recycling is useful to people.

D. The writer thinks that it is a waste of time and money recycling.

Increased population increases the need for natural resources and also increases waste products. Making a new useful product out of a waste product decreases out need for natural resources. Recycling means using something over again after it has been used once.

Have you ever seen a piece of recycled paper? About one third of all the paper products made each year are made from waste paper. For example, recycled paper is usually used to make paper sacks. Recycling paper, such as newspapers, reduces the number of trees that must be cut each year to make new paper.

Each person wastes a lot of solid waste. In the United States, the average is eight kilograms of waste each person each day. Most of the waste is garbage and rubbish. Finding places to dispose of solid wastes is a major problem.

In many cities, solid wastes are collected and the rubbish is burned in incinerator plants. Air pollution control devices are used to prevent pollution. Heat produced in the burning may be used to generate electricity. Waste that is not burned is taken to a dump. One kind of dump for the disposal of solid wastes is a sanitary landfill. This method involves burying the wastes and bulldozing soil over them. Parks, baseball fields, airports, and other developments may be built on completely filled landfills.

Recycling solid wastes decreases our need for methods of disposal. The metal in broken cars can be recycled and made into new steel. Worn-out rubber tires can be turned into new ones and used again. Plastics and other rubber products can be recycled. Metal cans and glass bottles can also be recycled. Increased recycling can help meet the increased demand for natural resources.

By recycling resources, people imitate nature. Elements important to life are naturally recycled. Nothing lasts forever. Wood decays, iron rusts, and concrete are worn away by wind and rain. All natural resources used by people eventually go back into the air, water, and earth.

1. What is the main cause of the increased waste according to the passage?

A. Expansion of cities.

B. Development of the paper-making industry.

C. Increased population.

D. Lack of recycling methods.

2. According to the passage, recycling paper is important because _______.

A. better paper sacks can be made out of waste paper

B. the prices of new paper are very high

C. trees are no longer available in the developed countries

D. more trees on the earth can be saved

3. A big problem of solid waste disposal is that _______.

A. solid wastes are poisonous

B. it is difficult to find places to dispose of solid wastes

C. the disposal process is too backward

D. we don’t have enough manpower to dispose of solid wastes

4. Which of the following can not be called recycling?

A. Making new paper from used paper.

B. Using worn-out rubber tires to make new ones.

C. Burying metal cans and glass bottles.

D. Producing new steel from metal in broken cars.

5. What is the writer’s attitude towards recycling?

A. The writer thinks that recycling is necessary and important.

B. The writer thinks it no use recycling.

C. The writer doubts whether recycling is useful to people.

D. The writer thinks that it is a waste of time and money recycling.