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if circumstances change. Neither side feels hurt by this. Both may exchange Christ- mas greetings for a year or
two, perhaps a few letters for a while then no more. If the same two people meet again by chance, even years
later, they pick up the friendship where it left out and are de- lighted.
In the United States, you can feel free to visit people's homes, share their holidays, enjoy their lives without
fear that you are tak ing on a lastinS obligation (负担). Do not hesitate to accept hospi tality (热情款待) because you can't give it in return. No one will expect you to do so for they know you are far from home. Americans
will enjoy welcoming you and be pleased if you accept their hospi tality easily.
Once you arrive there, the welcome will be full, warm and re al. Most visitors find themselves readily
invited into many homes there. In some countries it is considered inhospitable to entertain (招待) at home,
offering what is felt as only home-cooked food, not " doing something for your guest". It is felt that restaurant
entertaining shows more respect and welcome. Or for other different reasons, such as crowded space, language difficulties, or family custom, out- siders are not invited into homes.
In the United States, both methods are used, but it is often considered more friendly to invite a person to
one's home than to go to a public place, except in purely business relationships. So, if your host or hostess___,
do not feel that you are being shown inferior (差的,低级的 ) treatment.
Don't feel neglected (被轻视的) if you do not find flowers a- waiting you in your hotel room, either.
Flowers are very expensive there, hotel delivery is uncertain, arrival times are delayed, changed, or canceled
(取消)-so flowers are not customarily sent as a welcoming touch. Please do not feel unwanted! Outward
signsvary in different lands, the inward welcome is what matters, and this will be real.
________________________________________________________________________________________
2. Which sentence in the text is similar in meaning to the following one?
Americans gladly continue their friendships after a chance encounter even if several years have passed.
_________________________________________________________________________________________
3. Fill in the blank in the fourth paragraph with proper words. ( Please answer within 6 words. )
__________________________________________________________________________________________
4. For what purpose does the writer mention flowers in the last par agraph? ( Please answer within 15 words. ) _________________________________________________________________________________________
5. Translate the underlined part in the second paragraph into Chi nese.
_________________________________________________________________________________________
Drunken driving — sometimes called America’s socially accepted form of murder — has become a national epidemic (流行病). Every hour of every day about three Americans on average are killed by drunken drivers, adding up to an incredible 250,000 over the past ten years. A drunken driver is usually referred to as one with 0.10-blood alcohol content or roughly three beer glasses of wine or shots of whisky drunk within two hours. Heavy drinking used to be an acceptable part of the American manly image and judges were lenient in most courts, but the drunken killing has recently caused so many well-publicized tragedies, especially concerning young children, that public opinion is no longer so tolerant.
Twenty states have raised the legal drinking age to 21, reversing a trend in the 1960s to reduce it to 18. After New Jersey lowered it to 18, the number of people killed by 18-20 years old drivers more than doubled, so the state recently upped it back to 21.
Reformers, however, fear raising the drinking age will have little effect unless accompanied by educational programs to help young people to develop “responsible attitudes” about drinking and teach them to resist peer pressure to drink.
Though new laws have led to increased arrests and tests in many areas already, to a marked decline in accidents, some states are also punishing bars for serving customers too many drinks. A bar in Massachusetts was fined for serving six or more double brandies to a customer who was “obviously drunk” and later drove off the road, killing a 9-year-old boy.
As the accidents continue to occur daily in every state, some Americans are even beginning to speak well of the 13 years national prohibition of alcohol that began in 1919, which President Hoover called the “noble experiment”. They forgot that legal prohibition didn’t stop drinking, but encouraged political corruption(腐败) and organized crime. As with the booming drug trade generally, there is no easy solution.
【小题1】What can be inferred from the fact of the traffic accidents in New Jersey?
A.many drivers were not of legal age. |
B.young drivers were often bad drivers. |
C.Drivers should not be allowed to drink. |
D.the legal drinking age should be raised. |
A.serious | B.cruel | C.merciful | D.determined |
A.judges are giving more severe sentences |
B.new laws are introduced in some states |
C.the news media have highlighted the problem |
D.drivers are more conscious of their image |
A.Because alcohol is easily obtained. |
B.Because drinking is linked to organized crime. |
C.Because legal prohibition has already failed. |
D.Because making laws alone is not sufficient. |
While parents, particularly mothers, have always been attached to their infants(婴儿). societal conditions frequently made this attachment difficult to maintain(保持). First of all, the high infant death rate in the premodern times meant that such attachments often ended in hopelessness. Perhaps to prevent the sadness that infant death caused, a number of societal practices developed which worked against early attachment of mother and child.
One of these premodern attachment discouraging practices was to leave infants unnamed until they had survived into the second year. Another practice that discouraged maternal(母亲的)attachment was tightly wrapping(包裹)infants. Wrapping effectively prevented the close physical interactions like stroking(抚摸)and kissing that are so much a part of modern mothers’ and fathers’ affection for their infants.
A third practice which had the same distancing effect was wet-nursing. Breast-feeding(母乳哺育)was not popular among the well-to-do in the early modern times; infants were often fed by wet nurses hired for the purpose. In some places, such as nineteenth-century
68.Babies were unnamed until they were two so that ______.
A.an old social custom could be kept up
B.maternal attachment could be maintained
C.they could have better chances to survive
D.their parents would not be too sad if they died
69.Why were babies wrapped?
A.To protect them from the cold.
B.To distance their mothers from them.
C.To make them feel more comfortable.
D.To make it easy for their mothers to hold them.
70.Wet nurses were women who _______.
A.babysat city infants
B.fed babies of other families
C.sent their babies to the country
D.failed to look after their babies
71.Which is the best title for the passage?
A.Societal Conditions in Premodern Times
B.Practices of Reducing Matemal Attachment
C.Poor Health Service and High Infant Death Rate
D.Differences between Modern and Premodern Parents
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第三部分阅读理解 (共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
请认真阅读下列短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
When the first spring flowers blossom, Easter comes. It is the oldest Christian feast, in memory of the resurrection (复活) of Jesus Christ.
Along with the traditional Easter walk or outing, the giving of Easter eggs and, more recently, of Easter presents is a main feature of the feast. Parents give their children “Easter eggs” – colored and boiled eggs, chocolate eggs, marzipan eggs – Easter bunnies, sweets, and other gifts. In some German regions, children virtually “collect” Easter eggs from their relatives, especially their godparents.
Usually, the Easter eggs are carefully hidden in the garden or in the house and the children must search for them on the morning of the Sunday. They are told that the Easter bunny has brought them. This anonymous, mysterious bunny is like Santa Claus at Christmas. But it is less of an “educational” figure than Santa Claus is, since the eggs are not given to children as rewards for being good.
Some Easter egg games have been preserved at certain places in Germany or have even been newly developed. Children try to outdo others in rolling colored eggs down grassy slopes, for instance, or they knock the eggs’ pointed ends together and the child whose egg does not shatter gets the broken one, too. In some places, this custom was even used as the name of local festival.
1.What are the main features of Easter?
A.Easter walk, Easter eggs, Easter bunnies and sweets.
B.Easter outing and the giving of Easter presents.
C.Easter walk, Easter eggs, Easter bunnies and Easter egg games.
D.Easter outing, the collecting of Easter eggs, and Easter games
2.The underlined word “outdo” means ________.
A. do better than B. do worse than C. do slower than D. do the same as
3.What can be inferred from the passage?
A.Easter bunny will give gifts to children for better or worse.
B.Easter bunny is very similar to Santa Claus, as they both bring gifts to children.
C.Easter always falls on a Sunday.
D.Some of the local festivals are named by Easter egg games.
Here in Alaska, the wolf almost disappeared a few years ago, because hunters were killing hundreds of them for sport. However, laws were passed to protect the wolves from sportsmen and people who catch the animals for their fur. So the wolf population has greatly increased. Now there are so many wolves that they are destroying their own food supply.
A wolf naturally lives on animals in the deer family. People there also hunt deer for food. Many of the animals have been destroyed by the very cold winters recently and by changes in the plant life there. When the deer can’t find enough food, they die.
If the wolves continue to kill large numbers of deer, the deer will disappear some day. And the wolves will, too. So we must change the life cycles there. If we killed more wolves, we would save them from starving. We also save deer and some farm animals.
In another northern state, wolves attack cows and chickens for food. Farmers want the United States government to send a team of scientists to study the problem. They believe it is necessary to kill wolves in some areas and to protect them in places where there is a small population.
【小题1】In Alaska, laws have been passed to ____.
A.protect people from wolves and deer |
B.protect wolves from becoming dangerous |
C.protect wolves from dying out |
D.keep wolves from killing large numbers of deer |
A.Because wolves will have no deer to kill. |
B.Because people will kill them for punishment. |
C.Because killing deer is dangerous. |
D.Because wolves mainly live on deer. |
A.pass a law | B.keep deer away from wolves |
C.kill more wolves | D.serve wolves more food |
A.Some wolves in some areas must be killed, which others should be protected. |
B.Wolves should be protected, for there’s a small population of it on earth. |
C.All wolves should be protected, for they eat deer, cows and chicken. |
D.It is necessary for scientists to protect wolves, or the cycle of life will be changed |