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Traditional surgical procedures require surgeons to make large incisions(伤口) in a patient’s body in order to gain access to the internal organs. It was once common for heart surgeons, who perform highly specialized and complex procedures, to make long incisions in a patient’s chest and then split the breastbone to reach the heart. Patients who undergo surgery are often at the risk of infection, as bacteria can infect the cut in the skin. In addition, there is often a lengthy recovery period.
A surgical technique known as “keyhole surgery” has become more common in recent years. In general, the surgeon will make a couple of small incisions around the area where the operation is going to be performed. Tubes are pushed into the holes, and a tiny camera, which is called an endoscope, is put into the body. The camera is attached to a large monitor screen that is positioned so that the doctor can see it while he performs the operation. In addition to the camera, doctors also push their tiny surgical instruments through the tubes. The awkward part of keyhole surgery is that it is counterintuitive; that is to say, if a surgeon wants to move the tool to the left, he or she must push it to the right.
Other advancements in technology are also being used today in the OR (operation room). A new machine called the “da Vinci Surgical System” has been tested in hospitals in the U.S.. Unlike keyhole surgery, the da Vinci’s robot’s moving parts are designed to imitate the natural hand and wrist movement of a surgeon, thus providing better control and sensitivity. The system is controlled by a surgeon from a console(控制台). Sitting at a console a few feet from the patient, the surgeon can perform an operation by holding and moving highly sensitive pads that enable him or her to control the instruments. The area of the body on which the surgeon is working is enlarged on a screen, which is attached to the console. This gives surgeons a realistic three-dimensional view of the area — similar to what they would see during a traditional surgical procedure.
Although the da Vinci Surgical System is undergoing some trials for some procedures, it has been welcomed as revolutionary by many surgeons. Patients with serious illnesses must still undergo major surgery, but the smaller incisions and less invasive procedures typically mean that a shorter recovery time is needed. In some cases, the patient’s stay in the hospital has been cut in half when the da Vinci Surgical System was used. On the downside, some operations have taken up to fifty minutes longer because surgeons are inexperienced at using the new technology. As surgeons become more familiar with the machines, the time needed for surgical procedures is likely to decrease.
1.What can be learned about the traditional surgery according to the passage?
A.The cost of the traditional surgery is very high. |
B.It often leaves a large wound in a person’s body. |
C.Long incisions are made in a patient’s chest. |
D.The incision is often infected after the operation. |
2. Which of the following is one DISADVANTAGE of keyhole surgery?
A.It requires the use of long, thin tools and a tiny camera. |
B.The doctor can not view the inside of the patient’s body clearly. |
C.The direction in which a doctor moves the surgical tools is reversed. |
D.An endoscope has to be inserted into the patient’s body in advance. |
3. The da Vinci Surgical System differs from keyhole surgery in that _______.
A.requires that a surgeon make more small incisions on a patient |
B.reduces the amount of time it takes to perform a surgical procedure |
C.allows the surgeon to use the surgical instruments more sensitively |
D.eliminates the need for surgeons to make large incisions on patients |
4. The passage mainly tells the reader ________.
A.the challenges brought about by new technology |
B.the benefits and drawbacks of the da Vinci Surgical System |
C.the reflections on the development in medical science |
D.the application of new technologies in modern surgery |
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Ten years ago I used to be very fit (健康的). I rode a bike to work and I got a lot of exercise at weekends. I used to play tennis a lot and go for long walks. In those days I didn’t earn very much. I had a job in an office. It wasn’t a very good job but I had a lot of time to do the things I enjoyed doing.
Then, about eight years ago, I got a much better job. The pay was better, but the hours were a lot longer. I bought a car and drove to work every day. I began to take people out to lunch. And I began to put on weight, too. I stopped playing tennis and going for long walks at weekends because I just didn’t have any time for things like that any more.
There’s a lot of stress in my job. Perhaps that’s why I started drinking more than I used to. For example, I used to have only half a glass of whisky when I got home, but then I started filling my glass to the top, and instead of having one glass, I would have several. I started smoking a lot, too. I never used to smoke at all.
Two months ago I had a heart attack. At first I just couldn’t believe it. Luckily it wasn’t very serious. The doctor advised me to stop smoking and to eat less. He also advised me to work less and get more exercise. But I just haven’t any time! My job takes everything out of me!
Sometimes I wonder if I should get another job. Perhaps I could do something like I used to do. But if I do that, I won’t earn as much. I have a family to support. I have to think of them, too. I just don’t know what I should do. What do you think?
【小题1】The author used to go to work ________
A.on foot | B.by bike | C.by car | D.by train |
A.His job. | B.His pay. | C.His means of transport. | D.His health. |
A.He got higher pay. | B.His working hours weren’t long. |
C.He found it very stressful. | D.He had little free time at weekends. |
A.not to work any longer | B.to take a long vacation abroad |
C.to work less and take exercise | D.not to eat out any more |
A.The author is not sure what he should do now. |
B.The author has taken the doctor’s advice. |
C.The author has got another new job. |
D.The author feels much better now. |
Traditional surgical procedures require surgeons to make large incisions(伤口) in a patient’s body in order to gain access to the internal organs. It was once common for heart surgeons, who perform highly specialized and complex procedures, to make long incisions in a patient’s chest and then split the breastbone to reach the heart. Patients who undergo surgery are often at the risk of infection, as bacteria can infect the cut in the skin. In addition, there is often a lengthy recovery period.
A surgical technique known as “keyhole surgery” has become more common in recent years. In general, the surgeon will make a couple of small incisions around the area where the operation is going to be performed. Tubes are pushed into the holes, and a tiny camera, which is called an endoscope, is put into the body. The camera is attached to a large monitor screen that is positioned so that the doctor can see it while he performs the operation. In addition to the camera, doctors also push their tiny surgical instruments through the tubes. The awkward part of keyhole surgery is that it is counterintuitive; that is to say, if a surgeon wants to move the tool to the left, he or she must push it to the right.
Other advancements in technology are also being used today in the OR (operation room). A new machine called the “da Vinci Surgical System” has been tested in hospitals in the U.S.. Unlike keyhole surgery, the da Vinci’s robot’s moving parts are designed to imitate the natural hand and wrist movement of a surgeon, thus providing better control and sensitivity. The system is controlled by a surgeon from a console(控制台). Sitting at a console a few feet from the patient, the surgeon can perform an operation by holding and moving highly sensitive pads that enable him or her to control the instruments. The area of the body on which the surgeon is working is enlarged on a screen, which is attached to the console. This gives surgeons a realistic three-dimensional view of the area — similar to what they would see during a traditional surgical procedure.
Although the da Vinci Surgical System is undergoing some trials for some procedures, it has been welcomed as revolutionary by many surgeons. Patients with serious illnesses must still undergo major surgery, but the smaller incisions and less invasive procedures typically mean that a shorter recovery time is needed. In some cases, the patient’s stay in the hospital has been cut in half when the da Vinci Surgical System was used. On the downside, some operations have taken up to fifty minutes longer because surgeons are inexperienced at using the new technology. As surgeons become more familiar with the machines, the time needed for surgical procedures is likely to decrease.
【小题1】What can be learned about the traditional surgery according to the passage?
A.The cost of the traditional surgery is very high. |
B.It often leaves a large wound in a person’s body. |
C.Long incisions are made in a patient’s chest. |
D.The incision is often infected after the operation. |
A.It requires the use of long, thin tools and a tiny camera. |
B.The doctor can not view the inside of the patient’s body clearly. |
C.The direction in which a doctor moves the surgical tools is reversed. |
D.An endoscope has to be inserted into the patient’s body in advance. |
A.requires that a surgeon make more small incisions on a patient |
B.reduces the amount of time it takes to perform a surgical procedure |
C.allows the surgeon to use the surgical instruments more sensitively |
D.eliminates the need for surgeons to make large incisions on patients |
A.the challenges brought about by new technology |
B.the benefits and drawbacks of the da Vinci Surgical System |
C.the reflections on the development in medical science |
D.the application of new technologies in modern surgery |
Traditional surgical procedures require surgeons to make large incisions(伤口) in a patient’s body in order to gain access to the internal organs. It was once common for heart surgeons, who perform highly specialized and complex procedures, to make long incisions in a patient’s chest and then split the breastbone to reach the heart. Patients who undergo surgery are often at the risk of infection, as bacteria can infect the cut in the skin. In addition, there is often a lengthy recovery period.
A surgical technique known as “keyhole surgery” has become more common in recent years. In general, the surgeon will make a couple of small incisions around the area where the operation is going to be performed. Tubes are pushed into the holes, and a tiny camera, which is called an endoscope, is put into the body. The camera is attached to a large monitor screen that is positioned so that the doctor can see it while he performs the operation. In addition to the camera, doctors also push their tiny surgical instruments through the tubes. The awkward part of keyhole surgery is that it is counterintuitive; that is to say, if a surgeon wants to move the tool to the left, he or she must push it to the right.
Other advancements in technology are also being used today in the OR (operation room). A new machine called the “da Vinci Surgical System” has been tested in hospitals in the U.S.. Unlike keyhole surgery, the da Vinci’s robot’s moving parts are designed to imitate the natural hand and wrist movement of a surgeon, thus providing better control and sensitivity. The system is controlled by a surgeon from a console(控制台). Sitting at a console a few feet from the patient, the surgeon can perform an operation by holding and moving highly sensitive pads that enable him or her to control the instruments. The area of the body on which the surgeon is working is enlarged on a screen, which is attached to the console. This gives surgeons a realistic three-dimensional view of the area — similar to what they would see during a traditional surgical procedure.
Although the da Vinci Surgical System is undergoing some trials for some procedures, it has been welcomed as revolutionary by many surgeons. Patients with serious illnesses must still undergo major surgery, but the smaller incisions and less invasive procedures typically mean that a shorter recovery time is needed. In some cases, the patient’s stay in the hospital has been cut in half when the da Vinci Surgical System was used. On the downside, some operations have taken up to fifty minutes longer because surgeons are inexperienced at using the new technology. As surgeons become more familiar with the machines, the time needed for surgical procedures is likely to decrease.
What can be learned about the traditional surgery according to the passage?
A. The cost of the traditional surgery is very high.
B. It often leaves a large wound in a person’s body.
C. Long incisions are made in a patient’s chest.
D. The incision is often infected after the operation.
Which of the following is one DISADVANTAGE of keyhole surgery?
A. It requires the use of long, thin tools and a tiny camera.
B. The doctor can not view the inside of the patient’s body clearly.
C. The direction in which a doctor moves the surgical tools is reversed.
D. An endoscope has to be inserted into the patient’s body in advance.
The da Vinci Surgical System differs from keyhole surgery in that _______.
A. requires that a surgeon make more small incisions on a patient
B. reduces the amount of time it takes to perform a surgical procedure
C. allows the surgeon to use the surgical instruments more sensitively
D. eliminates the need for surgeons to make large incisions on patients
The passage mainly tells the reader ________.
A. the challenges brought about by new technology
B. the benefits and drawbacks of the da Vinci Surgical System
C. the reflections on the development in medical science
D. the application of new technologies in modern surgery
查看习题详情和答案>>听力(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共5小题,每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
请听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What’s the woman’s problem?
A.She is too tired to open the door.
B.She can’t open the door herself.
C.She can’t find the key to the door.
2.How much does each ticket cost?
A.£3.70.
B.£4.70.
C.£7.40.
3.What are the speakers talking about?
A.Cooking.
B.Shopping.
C.Word games.
4.What was Professor Carter’s suggestion to the students?
A.Be careful with their handwriting.
B.Wait until the class is over.
C.Finish their work ahead of time.
5.What is the actual color of the skirt?
A.Blue.
B.Green.
C.Yellow.
第二节(共15小题,每小题1.5分,满分18分)
请听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。在听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,每个小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话, 回答第6和第7两个小题。现在你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两个小题。
6.What is the man?
A.He is a shop assistant.
B.He is a computer technician.
C.He is a trade show organizer.
7.What’s the woman’s problem?
A.She found it difficult to fix a cup-holder.
B.She broke one part of the computer.
C.She couldn’t drive to the shop.
听下面一段对话,回答第8至第10三个小题。现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题.
8.What’s the man’s job?
A.He works for a radio program.
B.He sells music records.
C.He works in a library.
9.When did the man become interested in country music?
A.After he got married.
B.After he went to the country.
C.After he got his record player.
10.Why did the man build his own library?
A.To start a new radio program.
B.To get information more easily.
C.To write more country songs.
听下面一段对话,回答第11至第13三个小题。现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。
11.What’s the conversation mainly about?
A.Choosing subjects.
B.Useful knowledge.
C.Interest in learning.
12.How does the man feel about the news brought by the woman?
A.He is interested.
B.He is surprised.
C.He is doubtful.
13.What’s the relationship between the speakers?
A.Teacher and student.
B.Parent and child.
C.Classmates.
听下面一段对话,回答第14至第17四个小题。现在你有20秒钟的时间阅读这四个小题。
14.What will the friends do to celebrate James’ birthday?
A.Go to see a film.
B.Buy him a book.
C.Hold a party at the Kelly’s.
15.Where will the man meet his friends?
A.At an ice-cream shop.
B.At the corner of St.George’s.
C.At the school gate.
16.When will the man meet his friends?
A.At 4∶00.
B.At 4∶15.
C.At 4∶50.
17.What book does the man want to buy?
A.The Rebel.
B.The Da Vinci Code.
C.Kelly’s Corner.
第三节(共3小题,每小题1.5分,满分4.5分)
听下面一段独白,回答第18至第20三个小题。现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。