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Not all memories are sweet. Some people spend all their lives trying to forget bad experiences. Vi??olence and traffic accidents can leave people with terrible physical and emotional scars. Often they relive(重温) these experiences in nightmares.
Now American researchers think they are close to developing a pill, which will help people forget bad memories. The pill is designed to be taken immediately after a frightening experience. They hope it might reduce, or possibly erase the effect of painful memories.
In November, experts tested a drug on people in the US and France. The drug stops the body re??leasing chemicals that fix memories in the brain. So far the research had suggested that only the emo??tional effects of memories may be reduced, not that the memories are erased.
The research has caused a great deal of argument. Some think it is a bad idea, while others support it. Supporters say it could lead to pills that prevent or treat soldiers’ troubling memories after war.
They say that there are many people who suffer from terrible memories. “Some memories can ruin people’s lives. They come back to you when you don’t want to have them in a daydream or nightmare. They usually come with very painful emotions.” said Roger Pitman, a professor of psychiatry (精神病学) at Harvard Medical School. "This could relieve(减缓) a lot of that suffering.”
But those who are against the research say that changing memories is very dangerous because memories give us our identity. They also help us all avoid the mistakes of the past. “All of us can think of bad events in our lives that were horrible at the time but make us who we are. I'm not sure we’d want to wipe those memories out.” said Rebecca Dresser, a medical ethicist (伦理学家).
Some people fear that although the drug would first be used in only very serious cases, it would be??come more and more common.“People always have the ability to misuse science,” said Joseph LeDoux, a New York University memory researcher. “All we want to do is help people have better control of memories.”
The underlined word “it” in paragraph 4 refers to “_____.”
A. the new drug B. the research into the drug
C. the memory D. the chemical in the drug
Which of the following is Not the opinion of the supporters?
A.The pill can erase all the memories in the past.
B.Some memories can ruin people's life. The pill can relieve emotional suffering.
C. The pill can also help many other types of people who suffer from terrible memories.
D. The pill can prevent or treat troubling memories in soldiers after war.
Which of the following is Not the opinion of the opponents (反对者) ?
A. Our memories give us our identity.
B. The memories help humanity avoid mistakes of the past.
C. The drug should be used in only very serious cases.
D. People may not be sure whether they want to wipe the memories out.
Which of the following statements might be the main idea of the text?
A. People often suffer from bad memories.
B. The nightmares are terrible.
C. Forget bad memories and be happy.
D. The research has caused a heated argument.
查看习题详情和答案>>It was once thought that air pollution affected only the area immediately around large cities with factories and/or heavy automobile traffic. Today, we know that although these are the areas with the worst air pollution, the problem is actually worldwide. On several occasions over the past decade, a heavy cloud of air pollution has covered the entire eastern half of the United States and led to health warnings even in rural areas away from any major concentration of manufacturing and automobile traffic. In fact, the very climate of the entire earth may be affected by air pollution. Some scientists feel that the increasing concentration of carbon dioxide in the air resulting from the burning of fossil fuels (coal and oil) is creating a “greenhouse effect" - holding in heat reflected from the earth and raising the world's average temperature. If this view is correct and the world's temperature is raised only a few degrees, much of the polar ice cap will melt and cities such as New York, Boston, Miami, and New Orleans will be under water.
Another view, less widely held, is that increasing particulate (废气排往空中而形成的微粒、颗粒) matter in the atmosphere is blocking sunlight and lowering the earth's temperature ─ a result that would be equally disastrous. A drop of just a few degrees could create something close to new ice age and would make agriculture difficult or impossible in many of our top farming areas. At present we do not know for sure that either of these conditions will happen (though one recent government report prepared by experts in the field concluded that the greenhouse effect is very likely). Perhaps, if we are very lucky, the two tendencies will offset each other and the world's temperature will stay about the same as it is now.
As pointed out at the beginning of the passage, people used to think that air pollution ______.
A. caused widespread damage in the countryside
B. affected the entire eastern half of the United States
C. had damaging effects on health
D. existed merely in urban and industrial areas
As far as the greenhouse effect is concerned, the author ______.
A. shares the same view with the scientists
B. is uncertain of its occurrence
C. rejects it as being ungrounded
D. thinks that it will destroy the world soon
The underlined word “offset" in Para. 2 could best be replaced by______.
A. slip into B. make up for C. set up D. catch up with
This passage is mainly concerned with ______.
A. the greenhouse effect B. the burning of fossil fuels
C. the potential effect of air pollution D. the possibility of a new ice age
查看习题详情和答案>>Not all memories are sweet. Some people spend all their lives trying to forget bad experiences. Violence and traffic accidents can leave people with terrible physical and emotional scars. Often they relive these experiences.
Now American researchers think they are close to developing a pill, which will help people forget bad memories. The pill is designed to be taken immediately after a frightening experience. They hope it might reduce, or possibly erase the effect of painful memories.
In November, experts tested a drug on people in the US and France. The drug stops the body releasing chemicals that fix memories in the brain. So far the research has suggested that only the emotional effects of memories may be reduced, not that the memories are erased.
The research has caused a great deal of argument. Some think it is a bad idea, while others support it. Supporters say it could lead to pills that prevent or treat soldier’ troubling memories after war.
They say that there are many people who suffer from terrible memories. “Some memories can ruin people’s lives. They come back to you when you don’t want to have them in a daydream or nightmare. They usually come with very painful emotions,” said Roger Pitman, a professor of psychiatry（精神病学）at Harvard Medical School. “This could relieve a lot of that suffering.”
But those who are against the research say that changing memories is very dangerous because memories give us our identity（特性）. They also help us all avoid the mistakes of the past. “All of us can think of bad events in our lives that were horrible at the time but make us who we are. I’m not sure we’d want to wipe those memories out,” said Rebecca Dresser, a medical ethicist（伦理学家）.
Some people fear that although the drug would first be used in only very serious cases, it would become more and more common. “People always have the ability to misuse science,” said Joseph Le Doux, a New York University memory researcher. “All we want to do is to help people have better control of memories.”
What’s the main idea of this passage?
A．People often suffer from bad memories.
B．American researchers are trying to develop a pill.
C．Forget bad memories, and be happy.
D．The research has caused a heated argument.
The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 refers to “ ”.
A．the new drug B．the research into the drug
C．the bad memory D．the chemical in the drug
Which of the following is NOT the opinion of the supporters?
A．The pill can erase all the memories in the past.
B．Some memories can ruin people’s lives. The pill can relieve emotional suffering.
C．The pill can also help many other types of people who suffer from terrible memories.
D．The pill can prevent or treat troubling memories in soldiers after war.
Which of the following is NOT the opinion of the opponents（反对者）？
A．Our memories give us our identity.
B．The memories help human avoid mistakes of the past.
C．The drug should be used in only very serious cases.
D．People may not be sure whether they want to wipe the memories out.
查看习题详情和答案>>【选改类】
改编(十三)
Our family finally managed to get together, but in a few days we scattered again to the ends of the earth, and I will begin my new job in a new city. My family has never been ___1 _ in this way . When I think about the 2 future, my heart felt grayish.
When I 3 in the morning, it was raining outside and the sky was as 4 as my mood. My daughter 5 the new skirt that her uncle bought and she flew around the departure hall in the 6 and drew a small and beautiful picture in the dim crowd.
The airplane had a good 7 of newspapers, magazines, television programs, food and drinks. The meal even 8 a serving of Haagen-Dazs ice cream. This small present brightened me up 9 . The gentle smile of the stewardess（空姐）was as beautiful as the 10 after the rain.
When I 11 the airport, the language that entered my 12 was completely different from what I was 13 three hours ago. Although the street lights were as 14 as Allentown’s, the different clothes and expressions of the people 15 me that I am in a new world. I stood in the busy streets like Alice 16 the world in a fairy tale. My heart was 17 with puzzlement about the uncertain future and longing for the new life. When I 18 being able to do what I like once more, that I will make new 19 and that I can enjoy the fun of exploration. I could not 20 to think about starting my new life.
1.A.separated B.gather C.divided D.surprised
2.A.bright B.exciting C.uncertain D.unusual
3.A.stood up B.got up C.stayed up D.woke up
4.A.clear B.high C.dark D.gray
5.A.dressed B.wore C.liked D.had
6.A.station B.airport C.port D.house
7.A.offer B.number C.supply D.amount
8.A.included B.contained C.followed D.matched
9.A.successfully B.especially C.eventually D.fortunately
10.A.rainbow B.ground C.sky D.flower
11.A.got on B.got off C.left away D.took off
12.A.mouth B.eyes C.mind D.ears
13.A.finding B.learning C.hearing D.listening
14.A.long B.well C.brilliant D.mamy
15.A.told B.reminded C.suggested D.explained
16.A.visiting B.traveling C.wandering D.exploring
17.A.full B.filled C.satisfied D.pleased
18.A.set about B.set out C.thought over D.thought about
19.A.friends B.enemies C.mistakes D.progress
20.A.wait B.help C.decide D.afford
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