Dorothea Dix left home at an early age—of her own free will—to live with her grandmother.

At fourteen, Dorothea was teaching school at Worcester, Massachusetts. A short time after she had begun teaching, she set up a school for young girls in her grandparents’ home. Stress was placed on moral character at Dorothea’s school, which she conducted until she was thirty-three.

She was forced to give up teaching at her grandparents’ home, however, when she became ill a few years of inactivity followed.

In 1841 Dorothea began to teach again, accepting a Sunday school class in the East Cambridge, Massachusetts prison. Here she first came upon insane people (精神病人) locked up together with prisoners.

In those days insane people were treated even worse than prisoners. There were only a few madhouses in the entire country. Therefore prisons, poor houses, and houses of correction were used to keep the insane.

Dorothea Dix made a careful investigation of the inhuman treatment of the insane. It was considered unfeminine (不适合) for a woman to devote herself to such work at this time. But this did not stop Dorothea Dix from providing proper medical care for the insane.

Gradually, because of her investigations, conditions were improved. More than thirty mental institutions were founded or rebuilt in the United States because of her hard work. Dorothea also spread her investigations to England and to other parts of Europe.

During the Civil War, Dorothea served as superintendent (负责) of women hospital nurses in the Union army. When the war was over, she returned to her work of improving conditions for insane people.

This article is mainly about ________.

social problems of the nineteenth century

how Dorothea Dix got her education

how Dorothea Dix devoted herself to education

how Dorothea Dix devoted herself to the work of improving conditions for insane people

How did Dorothea Dix first realize the mistreatment of insane people?

Her grandmother treated the mistreatment of insane people.

She worked in an insane hospital as a young woman.

She taught Sunday school in a prison.

She was asked to investigate the problem.

The author implies Dorothea Dix’s work with the insane was interrupted because of ________.

A. an illness       B. the Civil War      C. her trip to England      D. her grandmother’s death

How are the events of Dorothea Dix’s life presented in the passage?

A. In space order.                      B. In time order.

C. In alphabetical (字母的) order.         D. From greatest to least important.

As the economy begins to recover, salary increases should do the same.

    In the past few years, employers have raised workers’ salaries by about 4 percent per year--except for 2009, when the figure dropped to a historically low 2.1 percent, according to a survey of World at Word. About one-third of companies froze raises altogether.

   For 2010, World at Work’s survey projects an average salary increase budget of 2.7 percent, a figure that shows the situation has improved but the job market is still weak. Between 10 percent and 15 percent of companies said they would freeze raises--far fewer than in 2009, but still more than in most years.

  How can you get a raise? Avalos and others offer the following tips:

* Do your job well. This means producing high-quality work, of course, but also keeping the big picture in mind.

“It really comes down to positioning yourself as a high performer, somebody who is aware of business goals and helps the company meet their goals as an organization”, Avalos said

* Be visible. When times are tough, some workers think. “I’m going to hunker down and hope that nobody notices me, because I don’t want to be on a layoff list,” said Richard Phillips, owner of Advantage Career Solutions. This is a mistake, because you’re unlikely to get a raise if no one knows what you have accomplished. “If anything, what you want to do is be more visible.”

 * Make your boss’s life easier. This means everything from having a good attitude to taking on extra tasks. If you don’t know how you can help your boss, ask.

* Ask for a raise. Talk to your boss and present your case: Here’s what I’ve done, here’s how it fits with the company’s goals, and here is why I think it’s worth a salary increase. In some cases, even if your company has an official raise freeze, you can get a raise if you make good case.

  If the answer is no -- or if you’re not ready to ask directly -- Phillips suggests asking, “What would you like to see from me that would put me in line for a raise?”

A question like this can improve your standing. “Just asking the question says to the boss, ‘I’m thinking about where I fit in here, what I can do,” Phillips said, “That in and of itself has value.”

The passage is mostly from a\an________.

A. novel                                                   B. science fiction       

C. magazine                                              D. biography

Employers have raised workers’ salaries by about _______percent in 2007.

A. 4                      B. 2.1                   C. 2.7               D. 10

If you want to get a raise, the most important thing you should keep in your mind is to ______.

A. have your job done well                        B. be visible everywhere as possible as you can

C. ask your boss for a raise directly           D. change your job

All the statements are true except________.

A. the situation has improved but the job market is still weak

B. salary increases should recover as the economy does

C. producing high-quality work will surely help you get a raise

D. that in and off an employee makes no difference

完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）

The science teacher believed very strongly in practical work as a means of teaching science effectively, and she wanted her pupils' parents to see how well their children were learning ___36___ her methods. She therefore arranged for all the parents ___37___ and see the results of one of the ___38___ experiments on a Saturday evening,___39___ all of them were free. The children had been studying the growth of plants, and they ___40___ four pots of beans a few weeks before.  They had put poor soil in one pot, to see ___41___ effect this would have ___42___ the growth of the beans in ___43___,and good soil in ___44___ three pots. Then they had put one of the ___45___ in the dark for several days, and had given ___46___ pot no water for the same length of time.

　　At the end of the lesson on Friday afternoon, the teacher put little ___47___ on the four pots:‘The beans in this pot were planted in poor soil.’‘This pot　___48___ in the dark for four days.’‘These beans have had no water for four days.’‘These beans have had good soil, plenty of light and ___49___  water.’ Then the teacher went home.

   　When she arrived on ___50___ evening, half an hour before the ___51___were due to come, she found this note beside the pots:‘We read your notes  ___52___ the school servant and thought we would help him, so we watered all the plants, changed the earth in the one with ___53___ soil, and ___54___ the light on above the one that had been left in the dark for four days. We hope that the plants will now grow___ 55___.’

  　　Your friends,

‘The Boy Scouts.’ 

A. by              B. with          C. in            D. through

A. come            B. came         C. to come       D. coming

A. child            B. children       C. child's         D. children's

A. when            B. as            C. because       D. since

A. have planted      B. had planted    C. planted        D. had been planted

A. how            B. what          C. which         D. why

A. in              B. on            C. for           D. with

A. them            B. that           C. it            D. one

A. the other         B. an other        C. Other        D. others

A. beans           B. soil           C. plants        D. pots

A. a third           B. the third       C. a fourth      D. the fourth

A. notes            B. messages      C. notices       D. announcements

A. had been kept                     B. has been kept 

C. had been remained                 D. has been remained

A. no              B. some         C. much         D. regular

A. Friday           B. Saturday      C. Sunday       D. Monday

A. children         B. students       C. parents        D. teachers

A. to              B. for            C. from         D. on

A. good            B. wet           C. dry          D. poor

A. left             B. leave          C. kept         D. keep

A. well            B. strong          C. better        D. good

You want something you can’t get by behaving within the rules, and you want it badly enough you’ll do it regardless of any guilt or deep regret, and you’re willing to run the risk of being caught. That’s how Ladd Wheeler, psychology professor at the University of Rochester in New York, defines cheating. Many experts believe cheating is on the rise. "We’re suffering a moral breakdown," Pinkard says. "We’re seeing more of the kind of person who regards the world as a series of things to be dealt with. Whether to cheat depends on whether it’s in the person’s interest." He does, however, see less cheating among the youngest students. Richard Dienstbier, psychology professor at the University of Nebraska in Lincoln, believes that society’s attitudes explain much of the increase in cheating. "Twenty years ago if a person cheated in college, that is extremely serious, he will be dropped for a semester if not kicked out permanently," he says. "Nowadays, at the University of Nebraska, for example, it is the stated policy of the College of Arts and Science that if a student cheats in an exam, the student must receive an "F" on what he cheated in. That’s nothing. If you’re going to fail anyway, why not cheat? Cheating is most likely in situations where the interests are high and the chances of getting caught are low," says social psychologist Lynn Kahle of the University of Oregon in Eugene.

1. The passage focuses on ________.

A. making the reader believe that cheating is immoral       

B. discussing the reasons for cheating

C. describing how students cheat in exams                       

D. suggesting how to control cheating

2. Cheating tends to occur in all the following situations except when ________.

A. one wants something badly             B. one can’t get something in a right way

C. it is not very likely to be found out       D. a series of things have to be dealt with

3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. It is forgivable to cheat unless money is involved. 

B. There has been an increase in cheating.

C. Most cheaters are college students.                       

D. Cheaters do not feel guilty and regretful.

4. What can be inferred from the passage?

A. Cheating is widespread because society is too understanding.

B. Cheating is the result of heavy pressure.

C. Cheating is cheating, whether in a test or on any other occasions.

D. Cheating comes together with civilization

   Breathe, wave and smile. Along with more than 300 other seniors, I marched into the stadium on the afternoon of May 10. The audience burst into deafening cheers. The huge stadium shook with all the whistling and clapping.

It was as if a Hollywood superstar had walked on stage. And indeed, every single senior that day was a star of the moment. Each deserved it. The seniors had been preparing for four years for this once-in-a-lifetime moment—the commencement (graduation ceremony).

Seated, I waited anxiously for the opening address. As a foreign exchange student, I was not able to receive a diploma. However, I still had the wonderful feeling of being part of things. Like the other graduates, I was dressed in marron cap and gown.

Our principal, Mr. Glover, delivered a short, warm greeting. The US national anthem followed and then, hands on chests, a solemn Pledge of Allegiance(美国的爱国誓言).

Students who had excelled academically gave farewell speeches. The tears in some eyes convinced me that many had deep feelings about the occasion. It was as the class motto says, “Life brings us tears, smiles and memories. The tears dry; the smiles fade; but the memories last forever.”

Then came the core (the most important part) of the commencement. Hundreds of names were announced. Each graduate walked across the stage to receive his or her diploma from the principal. From the different cheers each graduate got, we had the funny sense that it was a kind of competition of who could cheer the loudest.

To be honest, the presentation of diplomas got boring. A girl sitting next to me even started yawning. But it wasn’t boring for those receiving the diploma: they would treasure the moment the principal placed the sacred brown document in their hands for the rest of their lives.

A new page in the book of that person’s life had turned. They were glimpsing their futures: futures of challenge, hardship, perhaps loneliness too, which would take all of their courage.

What’s the article mainly about?

A. An American high school’s graduation ceremony.

B. The opening ceremony of a sports meeting.

C. A presentation of college diplomas.                     

D. A US college’s farewell party.

Which of the following statements about the author is FALSE?

A. She was one of the graduates.                               B. She was a foreign exchange student.

C. She was excited to receive her diploma.              D. She felt it great to be at the ceremony.

The right order of the following events is______.

a. Diplomas were presented to graduates.     b. Students gave farewell speeches.

c. The US national anthem was played.      d. The principal gave a short, warm speech.

e. Seniors went into the stadium.

A. b,c,a,d,e       B. c,d,b,e,a         C. d,b,e,a,c         D. e,d,c,b,a

From the text, we can conclude that_______.

A. a diploma ensures a good job                       

B. a diploma guarantees a bright future

C. the commencement symbolizes the beginning of a new stage in life

D. everyone felt excited at the presentation of the diploma

According to the passage, which of the following statement is true?

A. Hollywood superstars went to attend the commencement.

B. Every single senior became a superstar on the commencement day.

C. All graduates would treasure the diploma for the rest of their lives.

D. When each graduate got his or her diploma, there were loud cheers.