In the tour book below, four countries are missing. Try to identify them.

The combination of travel and volcanoes has not mixed well in recent times. Many thousands of holiday makers were left stranded in 2010 after the eruption of an Icelandic volcano created a dust cloud which covered much of mainland Europe and severely interrupted air travel. For some, though, volcanoes and travel are a combination made in heaven, with increasing numbers of enthusiasts booking specific excursions to visit volcanoes around the world.

So before you start digging out your passport, changing up your travel money and renewing your travel insurance, take a look at this list of the top 5 volcano travel break destinations and see what takes your fancy.

Italy

Italy is home to three active volcanoes, the largest of which is Mount Etna, situated on the east coast of the Italian island of Sicily. Etna is one of the ‘liveliest’ volcanoes on the planet and is almost constantly active – making it one of the best places in Europe to observe smoking craters and volcanic activity first hand. While in Italy you may also want to consider a trip to Pompeii, the ruins of a city decimated by the eruption of the Mount Vesuvius volcano and an impressive reminder of the true power that volcanoes hold.

_1__

Situated on the boundary of the North American and Eurasian tectonic plates, it is an island whose very creation is a result of many undersea volcanic eruptions. Pay a visit to the beautiful landscape of its highlands and you can expect to see geysers, awe-inspiring glaciers and lava deserts alongside a selection of active volcanoes. You may also want to visit the site of the volcano that caused more pronunciation problems for newsreaders during the ash cloud crisis of 2010 than possibly any other name ever – Eyjafjallajokull.

_2__

The mountainous Kamchatka region, located in Far East, is home to an incredible landscape of volcanoes and volcanic activity. One of the standout volcanoes of the region is the Mutnovsky Volcano, a combination of many merged craters that spew forth great jets of superheated water and plumes of sulphurous smoke.  

_3____

It is a group of islands said to have been ‘created by fire’ – formed after massive undersea volcanic activity in the Pacific. Quite apart from its reputation as a paradise island, which makes it a popular destination for many, it is undoubtedly a Mecca for volcano lovers. The Kilauea volcano on the Big Island is the most active volcano on the planet and – conditions permitting – you will be able to visit one of Kilauea’s active lava streams as it pours dramatically into the sea.

_4___

Sitting on the border of the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea, the Central American country is another beautiful place that has many areas of volcanic interest for you to discover. Hikes to see the volcanoes here will take you from jungle to peak, through some of the country’s magnificent national parks. There, you can visit landmarks such as the Irazu Volcano and its stunning green lake.

In the tour book below, four countries are missing. Try to identify them.

The combination of travel and volcanoes has not mixed well in recent times. Many thousands of holiday makers were left stranded in 2010 after the eruption of an Icelandic volcano created a dust cloud which covered much of mainland Europe and severely interrupted air travel. For some, though, volcanoes and travel are a combination made in heaven, with increasing numbers of enthusiasts booking specific excursions to visit volcanoes around the world.
So before you start digging out your passport, changing up your travel money and renewing your travel insurance, take a look at this list of the top 5 volcano travel break destinations and see what takes your fancy.
Italy
Italy is home to three active volcanoes, the largest of which is Mount Etna, situated on the east coast of the Italian island of Sicily. Etna is one of the ‘liveliest’ volcanoes on the planet and is almost constantly active – making it one of the best places in Europe to observe smoking craters and volcanic activity first hand. While in Italy you may also want to consider a trip to Pompeii, the ruins of a city decimated by the eruption of the Mount Vesuvius volcano and an impressive reminder of the true power that volcanoes hold.
_1__
Situated on the boundary of the North American and Eurasian tectonic plates, it is an island whose very creation is a result of many undersea volcanic eruptions. Pay a visit to the beautiful landscape of its highlands and you can expect to see geysers, awe-inspiring glaciers and lava deserts alongside a selection of active volcanoes. You may also want to visit the site of the volcano that caused more pronunciation problems for newsreaders during the ash cloud crisis of 2010 than possibly any other name ever – Eyjafjallajokull.
_2__
The mountainous Kamchatka region, located in Far East, is home to an incredible landscape of volcanoes and volcanic activity. One of the standout volcanoes of the region is the Mutnovsky Volcano, a combination of many merged craters that spew forth great jets of superheated water and plumes of sulphurous smoke.  
_3____
It is a group of islands said to have been ‘created by fire’ – formed after massive undersea volcanic activity in the Pacific. Quite apart from its reputation as a paradise island, which makes it a popular destination for many, it is undoubtedly a Mecca for volcano lovers. The Kilauea volcano on the Big Island is the most active volcano on the planet and – conditions permitting – you will be able to visit one of Kilauea’s active lava streams as it pours dramatically into the sea.
_4___
Sitting on the border of the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea, the Central American country is another beautiful place that has many areas of volcanic interest for you to discover. Hikes to see the volcanoes here will take you from jungle to peak, through some of the country’s magnificent national parks. There, you can visit landmarks such as the Irazu Volcano and its stunning green lake.

Top Eco Destinations in the World for 2008

Have you spent hours searching the web for an eco-friendly holiday that suits your budget or ideals? Then look no further because online travel planning resource, Professional Travel Guide, recently revealed(透露) their top choices for eco-travelers this year. Here are just some of their recommendations:

1. Africa: Madagascar

Home to a variety of animals found nowhere else on the planet, Madagascar is a must-go destination for anyone interested in the natural world. Lemurs(狐猴) and baobab trees account for just some of the unique flora(植物群) and fauna(动物群) entrapped on this wonderful island.

2. America: St John (US Virgin Islands)

Though it’s the smallest of the US Virgin Islands, St John has a remarkably varied landscape. Virgin Islands National Park makes up two-thirds of its landmass, where visitors can hike in deep ravines(山谷), over tropical mountains and across arid coastal areas. Don’t overlook the beaches and coral reefs it’s a Caribbean island.

3. Europe：Iceland

As one might expect from a country whose name is “ice”, Iceland’s landscape is rugged（崎岖不平的）and harsh（粗糙的）. Take a hike past lava fields, glaciers and waterfalls and marvel at the wildlife (puffins) and natural wonders (hot springs and geysers) akin to this barren landscape. Visit between fall and spring to catch a glimpse of the Northern Lights.

72. We learn from the text that Professional Travel Guide is ____________.

A. a website offering travel information

B. an organization that administrates travel 

C. a travel agent that offers free information

D. a place where tourists present their opinion

73. The US Virgin Islands are well worth a visit because _________.

A. it belongs to a Caribbean island

B. National Park covers most islands

C. the landscape is very impressive

D. visitors can have a view of ravines

74. Why are readers advised to visit Iceland between fall and spring?

A. They can watch the wildlife such as puffins.

B. They can take a hike through the lava fields.

C. They can experience waterfalls and hot springs.

D. They can enjoy the beauty of the Northern Lights.  

75. What is the main purpose of the text?

A. To inform how to save money on travel.

B. To recommend some eco-travel destinations.

C. To provide some advice on economical travel.

D. To introduce the benefit of traveling at weekends.

阅读下列材料，从所给的六个选项（A、B、C、D、E和F）中，选出符合各小题要求的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有一项是多余选项。

The people below are now traveling in the U.S., and now looking for a park to visit. After the description of these people, there is information about six American parks A-F. Decide which park would be most suitable for the person mentioned in questions 61-65 and then mark the correct letter (A-F) on your answer sheet. There is one extra paragraph about one park which you don't need to use.

_______1.Lisa is a naturalist. She loves the outdoors and is fascinated with adventure and all types of wildlife. Along with enjoying wildlife she also has a passion for backpacking and hiking. Lisa is also interested in photography and will climb as high as needed to get that great shot.

_______2.Martin, who is specialized in geography, would like to see a park which is filled with exciting discoveries of facts about the earth movements. He also hopes to observe the changes in rocks due to time and erosion. 

_______3.Kelly, just graduated from university. Her major is archeology(考古学). She is interested in ancient finds such as: fossils of animals and plant life, old pottery and especially things dating back to the prehistoric age. Kelly hopes to unearth something significant so she can develop her career.

_______4.Simon is one for excitement. He enjoys all out-door sports especially white water rafting. He has been searching for a park that can fulfill his taste for adventure. And at the same time he can appreciate the beautiful sceneries along the way.

_______5.Chris is looking for something famous perhaps a "superstar" of parks. He is interested in everything from wildlife to Earth activities. He hopes he can find a park which can offer the most to him.

A. This park is a vast natural museum, and it is recognized as the lowest point in the U.S. All the great divisions of geological(地质的) time, the eras and most of their subdivisions, are represented（描写） in the rocks of the mountains bordering the great valley. These rocks and the land forms tell a story of endless changes in the earth's crust（地壳） - vast depositions, contortions, tilting, alternate risings and lowering, faulting and intense heats and pressures that changed the very nature of some rocks. 

B. This park protects a large deposit（存放） of fossil（化石） dinosaur bones--remains of the so-called "terrible lizards" that lived millions of years ago. The dinosaurs weren't really lizards, and most of them weren't even terrible. But some of the first dinosaur fossils ever found were huge bones and teeth, very lizard-like except for their size, and so the idea of monstrous lizards was born. Today, many ideas about dinosaurs are changing, and the fossils at this park continue to help us learn more about these fascinating animals.

C. With elevations ranging from 8,000 feet in the wet, grassy valleys to 14,259 feet at the weather-ravaged top of Long's Peak, a visitor to the park has opportunities for countless breathtaking experiences and adventures. A large variety of animals will delight wildlife-watchers of all ages. Wildflower-lovers are never disappointed in June and July when the meadows and hillsides are splashed with botanical color. 359 miles of trail offer endless opportunities to hikers, backpackers and horseback riders. So far to find 60 peaks rising above 12,000 feet challenge intrepid hikers and climbers. 

D. The world's largest concentration of natural stone arches is found in this park. Over 1500 of these 'miracles of nature' grace the 73,000-acre area. And it is famous for the red arches of Entrada sandstone that occur there in great profusion A 41-mile round-trip paved road in the park leads to the major sights, including Balanced Rock, Skyline Arch, and the Fiery Furnace. But there are also many other striking rock formations scattered over the park's 73,000 scenic acres.

E. Yellowstone is the oldest park in the U.S. park system and is its flagship. Visitors come to experience the park's restless geology; to see grizzlies, gray wolves, and herds of buffalo. Its turbulent（狂暴的） landscape—which remains among the most geologically active lands on the planet, with steam-spewing geysers（间歇温泉）, gurgling fumaroles, and frequent earthquakes—was protected as the world's first national park in 1872. Yellowstone and the huge tracts of national-forest land that ring it comprise one of the world's last intact temperate ecosystems—all its major species of plants and animals are still present. 

F. This park has a Canyon 200 miles long and about a mile deep.  Along the ride you follow the Colorado River which carved this massive canyon.  At times the canyon is from 5 to 15 miles across. The Colorado River continues to shape and gouge its way through the canyon where about 90 species of mammals（哺乳动物） and some 290 species of birds live. River rafting along the Colorado River has different options for people.  You can go on long trips with organizations or even take a smooth ride down the river with a picnic style lunch.

　　Long before any recorded human history in Yellowstone, a massive（巨大的）volcanic eruption spat out a great amount of ash that covered all of the western U.S. , much of the Midwest, northern Mexico and some areas of the eastern Pacific. The eruption lowered that of Mt.St. Helens in 1980 and left a hole 30 miles wide by 45 miles long.

　　That climactic event occurred about 640,000 years ago, and was one of many processes that shaped Yellowstone National Park—a region once said to be“the place where hell bubbles（起泡）up.”Geothermal（地热的）wonders, such as Old Faithful, are evidence of one of the world's largest active volcanoes. These exciting features puzzled the park's earliest visitors, and helped lead to the creation of the world's first national park.

　　Fur trappers'（捕获者）fantastic tales of cauldrons（大锅炉）of bubbling mud and roaring geysers（间歇泉）sending steaming feathers skyward made their way back east. Several expeditions were sent to look into it, opening the West to further exploration and exploitation. In 1871, Ferdinand Hayden led an expedition that included artist Thomas Moran and photographer William H．Jackson. They brought back images that helped convince（使信服）. Congress that the area known as Yellowstone needed to be protected and preserved.

　　In 1872, President Ulysses S.Grant signed a law declaring that Yellowstone would forever be“devoted and set apart as a public park or pleasuring ground for the benefit and enjoyment of the people.”

(1) This passage mainly tells us about

[　　]

A．How Yellowstone park got its name

B．How Yellowstone park became a public park

C．When Yellowstone park had a volcanic eruption

D．Why Yellowstone park became a public park

(2) A massive volcanic“eruption”in the passage means

[　　]

(3) It can be concluded from the passage that

[　　]

A．The U.S. agreed to make it a national park as soon as the eruption happened

B．The U.S. government found it a good way to make a profit by making it a public park

C．Many people did a lot before the congress agreed to make it a national park

D．It became a public park so that the government could win again in the coming election

(4) Which of the following statements is not true according to the passage?

[　　]

A．The volcanic eruption made the Mt．St．Helens appeared lower than before.

B．The earliest visitors were so attracted by the wonderful features that they suggested that it become a national park.

C．Yellowstone became a national park owing to the efforts of a great many people.