Endless playing of songs like All I want for Christmas in shops during the festive season doesn’t just drive us mad —the songs also make us more careless with our money, research has warned.

While repeated performance of Jingle Bells may seem like an innocent attempt to raise customers’ spirits during the nightmare of Christmas shopping, the songs also have a more delicate impact.

“Background music, or “Muzak”,can be used by marketers to impose cultures ---such as the commercialization of Christmas--- onto consumers and influence their behaviour,” experts said.

Dr. Alan Bradshaw of Royal Holloway, University of London, said, “Festive jingles are force-fed to Christmas shoppers in a bid to change their mood, influence their sense of time and what sort of products they buy. In other words, this is an attempt to control your shopping habits in a way that you might hardly be aware of.”

“Often we are told that we have the freedom to choose where we want to shop, but during Christmas the use of music in this way is so common that our freedom to choose disappears.”

Dr. Bradshaw and Prof Morris Holbrook of Columbia University examined the phenomenon and found that retailers often “dumb down” the music played in shops to relax customers, meaning it is easier to control their behaviour.

It is thought that slowing down the rhythm of music in shops can trick customers into thinking less time has passed, and therefore spend more time examining the shelves, for example.

Some providers of background music have been known to promote their services by claiming they can boost profits by controlling the behaviour of customers.

“A common trick is to take a popular current song and record an instrumental version which can be slowed down or sped up at different time of the day to influence behaviour in different ways,” Dr. Bradshaw said.

Background music is often classed as “Muzak” in honor of the Seattle-based company which began producing its soft-sounding melodies in the 1930s.

1.According to Dr. Bradshaw, in what ways does Christmas music influence customers?

①their mood               ②their income

③their sense of time         ④ the sort of products they buy

A.①②③    B.①③④    C.②③④   D.①②④

2. Shopkeepers slow down the rhythm of music in shops to ___________.

A. let customers spend more time shopping

B. make customers and sales assistants relaxed

C. let customers enjoy the beautiful music

D. help customers find what they really want

3.What kind of music is now often adapted to influence customers in shops?

A. Classical music     B. Popular modern songs.

C. Folk songs.        D. Jazz music.

4.What is the best title of the passage?

A. Music makes happy Christmas

B. Christmas “Muzak”

C. How to make Christmas music?

D. Christmas music makes us spend more

Some people can stay up all night and still get work done the next day. I’m not one of them. After a night without enough sleep, I feel bad-tempered. I have trouble remembering things. And all I want to do is go to bed.

How do you feel after you’ve stayed up late to finish schoolwork or the day after an overnight party? Scientists now say that your answers to these questions may depend on your genes.

New research suggests that a gene called “period 3” influences how well you function without sleep. The “period 3” gene comes in two forms: short and long. Everyone has two copies of the gene. So, you may have two longs, two shorts, or one of each. Your particular combination depends on what your parents passed on to you.

Scientists from the University of Surrey in England studied 24 people who had either two short or two long copies of “period 3”. Study participants (参与者) had to stay awake for 40 hours straight. Then, they took tests that measured how quickly they pushed a button when numbers flashed (闪过) on a screen and how well they could remember lists of numbers.

Results showed that the people with the short form of “period 3” performed much better on these tests than the people with the long form did. In both groups, people performed worst in the early morning.

After the first round of experiments, participants were finally allowed to sleep. People in the group that performed well on the tests (those with the short form of “period 3”) took about 18 minutes to nod off.

While people with the long “period 3” gene fell asleep in just 8 minutes. They also spent more time on deep sleep. That suggests that people with the long form of the gene need more and deeper sleep to keep their brains working in top form.

I think I must have the long form of “period 3”. What about you?

The purpose of this passage might be ___________

A.   to tell us the importance of plenty of sleep.

B.   to tell the result of a research on sleepy gene.

C.    to inform the harm of lacking sleep.        

D.   to announce the sleeping rules of humans.

What kind of people need less sleep according to the research?

A.   Those with two short copies of the gene.

B. Those with two long copies of the gene. 

C. Those with one short and one long copy of the gene.

D. Those with three short copies of the gene.

If one lacks enough sleep, one should avoid doing important or dangerous things ___________.

A. at noon            B. at night    

C. in the afternoon        D. at dawn

Why did the writer think he or she had the long form of “period 3”?

A.   Because the writer could remain energetic without enough sleep.                 

B. Because the writer could do things correctly at dawn.   

C. Because the writer needed more sleep to keep energetic.

D. Because the writer recovered quickly after sleep.  

Dealing with ADIS strengthens the bond of friendship, and encourages emotional and spiritual growth. Before October 16, 2011, I was the most ? person in the world. I never ? that anything bad could happen to me or my friends.

???? Then one day my best friend David pulled me aside and broke down in . He said he was infected with ADIS and was __ _. David was only 17. I had never felt so ? in my whole life.

???? As time went on, David became very ill. There was could do but watch him weaken. This to me meant? ? was sure to come and all too quickly. I wasn’t ready to let him die. There were so many things that I wanted to do and say, ? ? couldn’t find the words. I went to doctor after doctor with him, and saw him? ? so much. But I must keep a positive attitude . So, in times of stress I pushed all my aside and was strong for him.

???? Soon David was put in the . This gave him the feeling that there was no more ? ? left. He looked at me and said, “ Faye, I am dying; let’s that. All I want you to do is to remember me, life and be careful.” For the first time in front of him, I cried.

???? June 5, 2012 the end of David’s life. He went ? . That was a comfort all in its own. In a way I was that it was over, for he was no longer in pain.

???? It hasn’t been a year yet, but I am no longer that casual teenager. I now people about ADIS, and David is still with me and always will be, in mind and .?

1.A. casual????????????? ????????????? ????????????? B. considerate????????????? ????????????? ????????????? C. determined????????????? ????????????? ????????????? D. cautious

2.A. hoped????????????? ????????????? ????????????? B. thought????????????? ????????????? ????????????? C. planned????????????? ????????????? ????????????? D. sensed

3.A. anger????????????? ????????????? ????????????? B. excited????????????? ????????????? ????????????? C. rags????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? D. tears

4.A. leaving????????????? ????????????? ????????????? B. going????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? C. dying????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? D. changing

5.A.thoughtful????????????? ????????????? B. careful????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? C.meaningless????????????? ????????????? ????????????? D. powerless

6.A. something????????????? ????????????? B. nothing????????????? ????????????? ????????????? C. anything????????????? ????????????? ????????????? D. everything

7.A. death????????????? ????????????? ????????????? B. pain????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? C. illness????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? D. stress

8.A. and????????????? ????????????? ????????????? B. so????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? C. but????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? D. or

9.A. go over????????????? ????????????? ????????????? B. go through????????????? ????????????? ????????????? C. go about????????????? ????????????? ????????????? D. go down

10.A. for his good????????????? ????????????? B. at his convenience????????????? C. to his credit????????????? ????????????? ????????????? D. in his place

11.A. emotions????????????? ????????????? B. strengths????????????? ????????????? ????????????? C. bravery????????????? ????????????? ????????????? D. happiness

12.A. school????????????? ????????????? ????????????? B. hospital????????????? ????????????? ????????????? C. ambulance????????????? ????????????? ????????????? D. avenue

13.A. cure????????????? ????????????? ????????????? B. treatment????????????? ????????????? ????????????? C. courage????????????? ????????????? ????????????? D. hope

14.A.suspect????????????? ????????????? ????????????? B. tolerate ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? C. accept????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? D. reject

15.A. possess????????????? ????????????? ????????????? B. enjoy????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? C. respect????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? D. create

16.A. sighed????????????? ????????????? ????????????? B. signaled????????????? ????????????? ????????????? C.showed ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? D.marked

17.A. peacefully????????????? ????????????? B. gradually????????????? ????????????? ????????????? C. patiently????????????? ????????????? ????????????? D. steadily

18.A. embarrassed????????????? ????????????? B. shamefully????????????? ????????????? ????????????? C. disappointed????????????? ????????????? D. glad

19.A. consult????????????? ????????????? ????????????? B. tease????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? C. educate????????????? ????????????? ????????????? D. entertain

20.A. peace????????????? ????????????? ????????????? B. knowledge ????????????? ????????????? C. spirit????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? D. imagination

第二节（共五小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

“We are reading the first part of the first section of a book whose pages are never-ending.”

_71_ We can take the mysterious, unknown future and carve out of it anything that we can imagine, just like a sculptor carves a statue from a shapeless stone.

_72_ If we plant a good seed, we get in a good harvest; if our seed is poor and the field is full of weeds,we get in a useless crop; if we plant nothing at all, we get in nothing at all.

I want the future to be better than the past. We should all be concerned about the future because that is where we will spend the rest of our lives. _73_

_74_ Nothing we can do will change it.

The future is before us and dynamic. _75_ Each day will bring it with new frontiers, in our homes and in our business, if we will only recognize them. We are just at the beginning of the progress in every field of human effort.

The past is gone forever.

I don’t know who wrote those words, but I have always liked them as a reminder that the future can be anything we want to make it.

We should never forget the rapid change in the past few years.

We are all in the position of the farmer.

Everything we can do will affect it.

We are able to travel easily anywhere we want to go in the future.

We whould not let our past mistakes and errors damage it.

A rich man was camping alone on a hill. One day it began to rain and the rain made the tent wet.

At last he 1 make his way home. As he passed a beautiful house he 2 to look for rest. A lady in 3 

walked past him with her 4 holding up high. Following her were her two pretty daughters. They

stopped and stared at him  5  .

“Who are you? We don’t like tramps（流浪汉）going around 6 our home .”one of them shouted.

“Go away at once. ”cried the other.

“But I’m not a  7 . ”said the man, “All I want is food and stay for the night.”

“How 8 you come here? Go away at once!” they 9 “We don’t like your feet around our house.

Go, go!”

The man moved on and reached a  10 house. On entering it he saw a 11   preparing their

supper. Though the light was 12 and the furniture was poor, it made him feel 13  and comfortable.

“Can I have some 14   and rest for the night?” he asked. “Of course, friend,” said the woman,

bringing forward a little chair for him. “We are going to15 our supper. Come and 16 us.”

The food was not  17 but they shared it with the stranger. That night they let him sleep on their

bed  18  they themselves used the stable（厩）. Early the next morning, the man said good-bye to them. Their   19  left him a memory full of thanks.

When he reached home he   20  ordered a lovely house to be built for the couple in the woods.

1.                A．had to          B．must           C．should   D．would

2.                A．tried           B．managed        C．asked    D．stopped

3.                A．sight           B．cloth           C．silk  D．trouble

4.                A．nose           B．head           C．eyes D．hands

5.                A．curiously        B．suddenly        C．surprisingly    D．angrily

6.                A．around         B．over           C．to   D．at

7.                A．madam         B．tramp          C．thief D．stranger

8.                A．do            B．can            C．will  D．dare

9.                A．explained       B．continued       C．repeated D．announced

10.               A．big            B．small           C．lovely D．dirty

11.               A．woman         B．man           C．person    D．couple

12.               A．weak          B．bright          C．dark  D．strong

13.               A．sad            B．cold           C．warm D．clean

14.               A．cloth          B．food           C．light  D．chair

15.               A．prepare        B．cook           C．buy  D．have

16.               A．join           B．help           C．attend D．enjoy

17.               A．enough        B．scary          C．short D．lot

18.               A．and           B．while          C．then  D．when

19.               A．coldness        B．sickness        C．kindness   D．thank

20.               A．quickly         B．finally          C．happily    D．quietly