2．仿效大自然——青夏教育精英家教网—

摘要：2．仿效大自然

网址：http://m.1010jiajiao.com/timu3_id_3015928[举报]

假如你是一名学生，你校学生会要组织一次徒步旅行(go hiking)。现在，请你根据以下内容以学生会的名义写一份书面通知。字数120词左右。

主要内容：

1．为了增强体质，走进大自然，我们决定徒步旅行。欢迎高一学生踊跃参加，并于6月1日前到学生会报名登记。

2．旅行目的地: 离市中心西北近20公里外的黄庄新农村风景区。

旅行时间：星期天(6月2日)。早晨7点到校，7点半出发，下午5点返回。

3．注意事项：穿运动鞋和易被认出的校服，自带水和午餐。

4．发通知时间是5月25日。

参考词汇：

1． sign one's name报名　2.the Students' Union学生会　

3.　风景区　scenic spot　

Notice

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阅读理解

　　Could you identify a maple tree, recognize different insects, or correctly distinguish a tortoise from a soft-shell turtle(鳖)? If the answer is yes, then it's likely that you're old enough to have had a childhood where screens and electronic toys weren't the main free-time activities．If the answer is no, then maybe you're young enough to count among a generation now supposed to be suffering from nature-deficit disorder(大自然缺失症)．

　　Relating to contemporary children and young people, nature-deficit disorder refers to the increasing tendency to spend very little time outdoors in the open countryside．This suggests that today's kids have little access to nature in the way that their parents did, instead spending most of their spare time inside．21st century kids are more likely to watch TV or play on computers．Even if they do participate in a physical activity, it's very likely to be some kind of organized sport under the watchful eye of adults, rather than wandering through the countryside unsupervised．

　　Though this might just appear to be a general observation on the way technology has changed childhood, nature-deficit disorder goes beyond a simple lack of exposure to the countryside．This is more like an illness, with symptoms which might include sadness, boredom and loneliness．

　　The expression "nature-deficit disorder" was coined in 2005 by American author Richard Louv．The term comes from his bestselling book on the same topic entitled Last Child in the Woods－saving Our Children from Nature-Deficit Disorder, which inspired a movement that campaigned to reconnect young people with the natural environment, as exposure to nature is a key factor in healthy child development．

　　As well as electronic entertainment, causes of nature-deficit disorder include parental fears about traffic and strangers, health and safety rules, and laws against catching wild animals and collecting wild flowers．

(1)

The author asks some questions at the beginning of the text in order to ________．
[　　]
A．	introduce the topic of the text
B．	judge if you are old enough
C．	examine your natural knowledge
D．	examine if you're suffering from some illness

(2)

Which of the following are the main free-time activities for today's kids?
[　　]
A．	Watching TV and playing on computers．
B．	Wandering through the countryside and distinguishing animals．
C．	Participating in physical activities and having organized sport．
D．	Catching wild animals and collecting wild flowers．

(3)

Which of the following is NOT a cause of nature-deficit disorder?
[　　]
A．	Electronic entertainment．
B．	Parental fears about traffic and strangers．
C．	Health and safety rules．
D．	Laws against playing in nature．

(4)

What does the underlined word "uns'upervised" most probably mean?
[　　]
A．	Without being rewarded．
B．	Without being hurt．
C．	Without being watched．
D．	Without being disturbed．

(5)

The American author Richard Louv wrote the book to ________．
[　　]
A．	make the term "natural-deficit disorder" popular
B．	explain what, causes natural-deficit disorder
C．	reconnect young people with the natural environment
D．	find out what is the key factor in healthy child development

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1970 was World Conservation（自然保护）Year. The United Nations wanted everyone to know that the world is in danger. They hoped that people would act quickly in order to conserve nature（大自然）. Here is one example of the problem. At one time there were 1,300 different plants, trees and flowers in Holland, but now only 866 remain. The others have been destroyed by modern man. It is said that there are tens of thousands of kinds of animals in the world, but now many have died out（绝种）. We are changing the earth, the air and water, and everything that grows and lives . We can't live without these things. If we continue like this, we shall destroy ourselves.

What will happen in the future？Perhaps it is more important to ask“What must we do now？”The people who will be living in the world of tomorrow are the young of today. A lot of them know that conservation is necessary. Many are helping to save our world. They plant trees, build bridges across rivers and so on. In a small town in the United States a large group of girls cleaned the banks of 11 kilometres of their river. Young people may hear about conservation through a record called“No one's going to change our world.”It was made by the Beatles, Cliff Richard and other singers. The money from it will help to conserve wild animals.

1、“No one's going to change our world”was 　　　.

　 A、an important book published in 1970

　 B、an idea that nobody would accept（接受）

　 C、a record calling on people to conserve nature

　 D、a newspaper report in 1970

2、What's the most important thing for us to do to save our world？

　 A、We should know what will happen in the future.

　 B、We should plant more trees and flowers.

　 C、We should clean the banks of our rivers.

　 D、We must do what we must do to save our world.

3、What's the main idea of the passage？

　 A、1970 was World Conservation Year.

　 B、The United Nations wanted everyone to know that the world is in danger.

　 C、Conservation is necessary.

　 D、Young people are helping to save our world.

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　　What comes as a shock to many Westerners may be the unfriendly way that some Chinese treat waiters and waitresses in restaurants and bars. Over the last few years,as many in Beijing have made fortunes,I and many of my foreign friends have noticed a downturn in the treatment of those who work all hours and often live in terrible conditions to bring us our food,guard our homes and sell us clothes.It's not the common citizens,but the young nouveau riches(暴发户) Chinese in Beijing who are mostly guilty of this both social and human misbehavior.

　　It is not unusual to see and hear these people,especially the young women among their ranks,speaking rudely to the waiters and waitresses,as they sit there in the misguided belief that the latest mobile phone,a new car and designer clothes give them the right to talk to people like dirt.In one recent incident(事件) in an expensive restaurant near where I live ,I overheard the table next to me,two guys and a girl,tell the waitress "You really are stupid ",because she had brought them two glasses instead of three.They all burst into loud laughter as the young girl ran away to fetch another.In anther incident I saw a waitress reduced to tears as four well-dressed girls criticized everything from her accent to her looks.

　　Lately I have noticed that this rather unpleasant aspect of the nouveau riches has been taken up by many of their foreign peers(同类人).So I ask Beijing's bright young things to set a good example,and treat all people with equal respect.And I urge foreigners to follow the good examples of their Chinese language teachers and textbooks while adding some of the pleasantries of their own cultures,so that cultural interpenetration(相互渗透) has a positive influence and not a negative one.

　　Here I'd like to leave you with the words from Confucius:"What you do not wish for yourself, do not "do to others."

　　64.The writer has noticed that less respect is shown to _______ in Beijing in recent years.

　　　A.common citizens B.waiters and the like

　　　C.young nouveau riches D.some foreigners

　　65.The two incidents mentioned in Paragraph 2 are used to show ______.

　　　A.waiters and waitresses can make excusable mistakes

　　　B.waitresses are usually too shy to be laughed at

　　　C.some Beijingers are too particular about restaurant service

　　　D.what's being talked about is not rare

　　66.The young Beijingers are asked to set a good example in order to ______

　　　A.have good influence over foreigners

　　　B.leave a good impression on foreigners

　　　C.educate younger Chinese

　　　D.develop traditional Chinese culture

　　67.The origial title of the article is most likely to be _______.

　　　A.One Dark Side of the Bright Chinese Capital

　　　B.Beijing's Young Nouveau Riches,Watch Out

　　　C.Dno't Throw Away Good Manners,Please

　　　D.People Like Waiters Live at Bottom of Society

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Next time a customer comes to your office, offer him a cup of coffee. And when you’re doing your holiday shopping online, make sure you’re holding a large glass of iced tea. The physical sensation of warmth encourages emotional warmth, while a cold drink in hand prevents you from making unwise decisions—those are the practical lesson being drawn from recent research by psychologist John A. Bargh.

Psychologists have known that one person’s perception (知觉) of another’s “warmth” is a powerful determiner in social relationships. Judging someone to be either “warm” or “cold” is a primary consideration, even trumping (打败) evidence that a “cold” person may be more capable. Much of this is rooted in very early childhood experiences, Bargh argues, when babies’ conceptual sense of the world around them is shaped by physical sensations, particularly warmth and coldness. Classic studies by Harry Harlow, published in 1958, showed monkeys preferred to stay close to a cloth “mother” rather than one made of wire, even when the wire “mother” carried a food bottle. Harlow’s work and later studies have led psychologists to stress the need for warm physical contact from caregivers to help young children grow into healthy adults with normal social skills.

Feelings of “warmth” and “coldness” in social judgments appear to be universal. Although no worldwide study has been done, Bargh says that describing people as “warm” or “cold” is common to many cultures, and studies have found those perceptions influence judgment in dozens of countries.

To test the relationship between physical and psychological warmth, Bargh conducted an experiment which involved 41 college students. A research assistant who was unaware of the study’s hypotheses (假定), handed the students either a hot cup of coffee, or a cold drink, to hold while the researcher filled out a short information form. The drink was then handed back. After that, the students were asked to rate the personality of “Person A” based on a particular description. Those who had briefly held the warm drink regarded Person A as warmer than those who had held the iced drink.

“We are grounded in our physical experiences even when we think abstractly,” says Bargh.

1. In Bargh’s experiment, the students were asked to _______.

　　A. evaluate someone’s personality

　　B. write down their hypotheses

　　C. fill out a personal information form

　　D. hold coffee and cold drink alternatively

2.We can infer from the passage that _______.

　　A. abstract thinking does not come from physical experiences

　　B. feelings of warmth and coldness are studied worldwide

　　C. physical temperature affects how we see others

　　D. capable persons are often cold to others

3.What would be the best title for the passage?

　　A. Drinking for Better Social Relationships

　　B. Experiments of Personality Evaluation

　　C. Developing Better Drinking Habits

　　D. Physical Sensations and Emotions

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