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Robert Spring, a 19th century forger, was so good at his profession that he was able to make his living for 15 years by selling false signatures of famous Americans. Spring was born in England in 1813 and arrived in Philadelphia in 1858 to open a bookstore. At first he prospered by selling his small but genuine collection of early U. S. autographs. Discovering his ability at copying handwriting, he began imitating signatures of George Washington and Ben Franklin and writing them on the title pages of old books. To lessen（减少）the chance of detection, he sent his forgeries to England and Canada for sale and circulation. Forgers have a hard time selling their products. A forger can't approach a respectable buyer but must deal with people who don't have much knowledge in the field. Forgers have many ways to make their work look real. For example, they buy old books to use the aged paper of the title page, and they can treat paper and ink with chemicals. In Spring's time, right after the Civil War, Britain was still fond of the Southern states, so Spring invented a respectable maiden lady known as Miss Fanny Jackson, the only daughter of General "Stonewall" Jackson. For several years Miss Fanny's financial problems forced her to sell a great number of letters and manuscripts belonging to her famous father. Spring had to work very hard to satisfy the demand. All this activity did not prevent Spring 126 from dying in poverty, leaving sharp-eyed experts the difficult task of separating his forgeries from the originals.
1. Why did Spring sell his false autographs in England and Canada?
A. There was a greater demand there than in America.
B. There was less chance of being detected there.
C. Britain was Spring's birthplace.
D. The prices were higher in England and Canada.
2. After the Civil War, there was a great demand in Britain for_____________.
A. Southern money B. signatures of George Washington and Ben Franklin
C. Southern manuscripts and letters D. Civil War battle plans
3. Robert Spring spent 15 years______________.
A. running a bookstore in Philadelphia B. corresponding with Miss Fanny Jackson
C. as a forger D. as a respectable dealer
4. According to the passage, forgeries are usually sold to ____________.
A. sharp-eyed experts B. persons who aren't experts
C. book dealers D. owners of old books
5. Who was Miss Fanny Jackson?
A. The only daughter of General "Stonewall" Jackson.
B. A little-known girl who sold her father's papers to Robert Spring.
C. Robert Spring's daughter.
D. An imaginary person created by Spring.
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Jack Baines is a self-made millionaire, but his beginning was very lowly (平凡的，普通的)。He was the youngest of eight children. His father 1 in the cotton mills of Blackburn, Lancashire in the 1920s, but he was often 2 to work because of poor health. The family couldn't 3 to pay the rent, and the children often went 4 . After leaving school at the age of 14, Jack was wondering 5 to do when Mr. Walker, his old teacher, offered to lend him $ 100 to start his own 6 .
It was just after the war. Raw materials were not plentiful, and Jack (without 7 his parents' advice ) saw a future in scrap metal. He bought bits of metal and stored them in an old garage. When he had built up a sizeable amount, he sold it and 8 plenty of money.
Jack 9 working hard. After one year he succeeded in 10 the $ 100 and he also 11 to give Mr. Walker 100% interest to thank him for his generosity.
By the time Jack was 30 years old he 12 his first million, and he wanted to celebrate this progress 13 doing something“great”.With all his money 14 was possible to build a beautiful home for himself and his parents. In 1959,“Baines Castle”was built in the 15 of the Lancashire countryside. It was one of the finest buildings in the country.
Jack has recently sold“Baines Castle”for $5 million, 16 Jack still can't get used to 17 . He can often be found drinking with the locals at the local pub.
“I remember being very 18 as a child, but 19 unhappy as a child,”says Jack,“and I will never forget 20 I came from and who I am.”
Lancashire people are proud of their local hero.
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