Some 80 percent of graduate students in East China's Zhejiang province said in a survey they will give up trying to find jobs in Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou, first-tier cities in China that have been considered dream places for many, because of the untouchable home prices and high living costs.

The Yangtse Evening Post conducted the survey among 50 job seekers who were attending Sunday's job fair in Jiangsu for graduate students. The survey showed graduates are becoming more realistic in their job search despite the job market becoming better.

The fair attracted more than 10,000 graduate students with 7,382 positions.

"The pressure of buying a house in Beijing is unbelievable," said Wang Jian from Nanjing Normal University, who acknowledged he had thought about finding a job in Beijing, Shanghai or Guangzhou, but in the face of huge pressures, he has no choice but to be "realistic."

People can have a very comfortable life in Nanjing with a monthly salary of between 3,000 yuan ($450) and 4,000 yuan, but in Shanghai, 5,000 yuan a month can only help you survive and buying a house will remain a dream,

A student from Nanjing University of Science and Technology said he just turned down an offer from a Shanghai company of 7,000 yuan a month because "living costs in Shanghai are too high."

An unnamed male student from Nanjing University said he will try first-tier cities only if he can get a high salary. "I would go to Beijing only if I can earn 200,000 yuan a year," he said.

"Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou once had the advantages that other cities don't have, but the high housing prices and living costs make young people barely able to breathe," said Ren Leiming from the job service center of Jiangsu's colleges and universities.

"First-tier cities have plenty of talents that make it hard for people to be outstanding, and if you go work in smaller cities you can become a dominant player at your position much more easily," said Ren.

1.Tthe majority of graduate students will give up trying to find jobs in the first-tier cities

because        

A it is not easy to find jobs there .

B. home prices and living costs there are very high.

C .they can’t make full use of their knowledge and skills there .

D. monthly salaries there are low compared with those in other cities .

2.Which of the following statements is TRUE about the job market now ?

A. There are more job opportunities offered now

B The job markets are becoming more and more competitive .

C. Many graduate students are n’t satisfied with the working conditions

D Companies and enterprises have stricter rules to take in graduate students .

3.We can learn from the news report that             .

A. In Shanghai, 5,000 yuan a month can only help you buy a luxury house .

B. The fair attracted more than 10,000 graduate students and laid-off workers  with 7,382 positions

C. The Yangtse Evening Post conducted the survey among 50 personnel managers who were attending Sunday's job fair in Jiangsu for graduate students.

D A student from Nanjing University of Science and Technology turned down an offer from a Shanghai company of 7,000 yuan a month

4.The words Ren said in the last paragraph mean              .

(E)
Messages can be sent across the land by means of the electric telegraph; but you cannot put up a line of telegraph posts across the sea. Messages can be sent across the
ocean by radio or by cable(电缆). The cable lies on the sea bottom and it has to have very good insulation. If any part of it is weak, the water will get through and stop all signals .
The first cable under the sea was between England and France. It was laid（放置） in 1851. In 1851 engineers tried to lay a cable across the Atlantic Ocean, but they met a
lot of difficulties. Halfway across the Atlantic the cable broke, and the ship that was laying it had to return.                                                       
Kelvin advised that another cable ought to be laid. It was made ready, and put on board a big ship. Kelvin and his friends traveled with it and after many days of hard work, they reached America without breaking the cable. Kelvin himself sent the first
message by cable from America to Britain. Unfortunately only 732 messages were sent through this cable before it broke.
The next cable was laid in 1866, and this time there were no problems. The ship
that laid it was the Great Eastern, one of the strongest ships that have ever been built.
It was driven by powerful engines and also by sails .                         
1. The undersea cable must be made strong enough to prevent _____.
A.. fishes from eating it     B. enemy stealing it
C.water getting through it    D. others cutting it                                                       
2. The first cable across the Atlantic _______.
A. was the first undersea cable
B. was only laid half- way
C. broke after only 732 messages were sent
D. never broke
3. The undersea cable Kelvin and his Mends laid was between_____.
A. England and France    B. America and England
C. American and France   D. England and Britain
4. The cable that Kelvin and his friends laid went through __
A. the Pacific Ocean      B. the Indian Ocean
C. the Atlantic Ocean     D. the Arctic Ocean
5. This passage mainly tells us _______.
A. how Kelvin laid the cable
B. how the scientists discovered the cable
C. the history of the cable in the world
D. how to lay the cable in the sea

短文改错（共10小题；毎小题1分，满分10分）

下面短文有10处语言错误，请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（＾）.并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉，

修改：在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词.

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分

In 1929, three years after his flight over the North Pole, the American explorer, R.E. Byrd, successful flew over the South Pole for the first time. Therefore, at first, Byrd and his men were able to take great many photographs of the mountains that laid below, they soon ran into serious troubles. At one point, it seemed sure that their plane would crash. It could only get over the mountains if it raised to 10,000 feet. Byrd at once ordered his men to throw away two heavy food sacks. The plane was then able to rise and it cleared the mountains by 400 feet. Byrd then knew that he would be able to reach the South Pole which was 300 miles away, for there was no more mountains at sight. The aircraft was able to fly over the endless white plains without difficult.

The home service industry in Beijing is expected to become more attractive both as a job and as an industry.
Sources at the Beijing People’s Political Consultative Conference said resistance to home service work is melting away from minds of the city’s laid-off workers. The Conference suggested the establishment of municipal (市政的) centers which supervise (监督) property management, household mending and installation, and house keeping services. Modern city life is creating a need for industrialization home services. This will create job opportunities for laid-off workers, said vice director of the Social Judicial Committee of the Conference.
Beijing residents have long desired a home service industry. The demand is expected to drive new economic growth. There are few high quality home help services in Beijing and customers are always complaining.
In the past, few laid-off workers in Beijing desired to work as home helpers, jobs largely taken by young women from the countryside. At the same time, some city residents have not felt safe trusting rural girls with modern household machines or with their small children. Many people would pay more for reliable house keepers who are more familiar with city life, but they have had no way of getting one, even though the city is home to thousands of laid-off workers.
By the end of June this year, there were 30,600 jobless workers in the city. Most of them are women in their 40’s, who are not blessed with particular skills and who have had their work ethics (准则) shaped by the planned economy. Many of them were at a loss when they first realized they had lost their jobs and a way of life they had got used to for decades. They never imagined being laid off by state owned enterprises; they never considered other kinds of employment. For them, the private sector (部门) meant taking risks; house-keeping implied lower social status. Gao Yunfang, 44, is a pioneer who is breaking the ice. She sells the Beijing Morning Post in the morning, and works at two households in the afternoon. She earns 1,000 yuan per month. So she no longer worries about her daughter’s tuition at a university in Shanghai.
1. What is talked about in the passage?
A. Home service.          B. Modern city life.              C. Laid-off workers.      D. Social status.
2. What does the word “ laid-off” in the passage mean?
A. Heavily-burdened.    B. Old                          C. Inexperienced.          D. Jobless.
3.    Why didn’t the laid-off workers like to do home services in the past?
A. Low salary.                                                        B. Lower social status.  
C. Dirty working condition.                              D. Too much extra work.
4.    Why were many laid-off workers at a loss?
A. Because they didn’t get used to the new way of life.     
B. Because they are too old to find a new job.
C. Because they dislike being laid off. 
D. Because they think they lost their social status.

    Have you ever heard the saying “All roads lead to Rome”? At one time, this was pretty much true. During the Roman Empire, lots of roads were built in order to move armies, send messages by courier (信使), and make trade easier. This construction work went on for five centuries! If all the roads built during the Roman Empire were put together end to end, they would circle the equator twice.

    The network of Roman roads was begun in 312 BC. It was demanded that the roads be built strong so that they would not fall down. Roman soldiers, supervised (监督) by engineers, laid down the roads in a special pattern of layers. The first layer was made of sand. Next, the builders added rocks and rubble. On top of these materials came gravel. On this solid foundation, the road builders placed paving stones.

    Also, Roman roads were cambered. This means that they were built higher in the middle than on the edges, allowing rainwater to run off, which prevented flooding. We use the same technique in building roads today. The Romans also laid out roads over hills when necessary, setting them down in a zigzag pattern to make the road rise gradually.

    All Roman roads had milestones (里程碑), placed every thousands paces (a Roman mile). The milestones told when the road was built, who was emperor at the time, the road’s destination, how far the traveler was from the destination, and how many miles had been traveled since the beginning of the road. This information was a great help to travelers.

    Because of their excellence in construction, it really is no surprise that many parts of Roman road still exist today. These roadways are one of the most impressive accomplishments of the Roman Empire.

42. What does the underlined sentence in the first paragraph mean?

 A. The Roman Empire was very powerful.

 B. Lots of roads were built during the Roman Empire.

C. The roads built during the Roman Empire were very long.

 D. The roads built during the Roman Empire were very convenient.

43. Which of the following correctly shows the structure of the Roman roads?

      A.                                                B.

        C.                                         D.

44. The following description about Roman roads is true EXCEPT _____.

A. Roman roads were built by the Roman soldiers directed by the engineers

B. Roman roads could prevent flooding using the technique abandoned today

C. Roman roads had milestones that were placed every other Roman mile

D. Roman roads still exist today as an impressive achievement of Roman Empire

45. What information can you find on the milestones?

A. The builders of the road.                                   B. The materials used in building roads.

C. The distance from one city.                               D. The time spent in building roads.

46. The passage mainly ______.

A. explains the saying “All roads lead to Rome”

B. praises ancient Romans for their great achievements

C. shows how great the Roman Empire was

D. introduces the construction of the Roman roads