What happens inside the skull of a soccer player who repeatedly heads a soccer ball? That question motivated a challenging new study of the brains of experienced players that has caused discussion and debate among soccer players, and some anxiety among those of us with soccer-playing children.
For the study, researchers at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York selected 34adults, men and women. All of the volunteers had played soccer since childhood and now competed year-round in adult soccer leagues. Each filled out a detailed questionnaire developed especially for this study to determine how many times they had headed a soccer ball in the previous year, as well as whether they had experienced any known concussions (脑震荡) in the past.
Then the players completed computerized tests of their memory and other learning skills and had their brains scanned, using a complicated new M.R.I. technique which can find structural changes in the brain that can't be seen during most scans.
According to the data they presented at a Radiological Society of North America meeting last month, the researchers found that the players who had headed the ball more than about 1,100 times in the previous 12 months showed significant loss of white matter in parts of their brains involved with memory, attention and the processing of visual information, compared with players who had headed the ball fewer times.
This pattern of white matter loss is "similar to those seen in traumatic (外伤的) brain injury", like that after a serious concussion, the researchers reported, even though only one of these players was reported to have ever experienced a concussion.
The players who had headed the ball about 1,100 times or more in the past year were also generally worse at recalling lists of words read to them, forgetting or fumbling the words far more often than players who had headed the ball less.
【小题1】The passage is most probably a______.

What happens inside the skull of a soccer player who repeatedly heads a soccer ball? That question motivated a challenging new study of the brains of experienced players that has caused discussion and debate among soccer players, and some anxiety among those of us with soccer-playing children.
For the study, researchers at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York selected 34 adults, men and women. All of the volunteers had played soccer since childhood and now competed year-round in adult soccer leagues. Each filled out a detailed questionnaire developed especially for this study to determine how many times they had headed a soccer ball in the previous year, as well as whether they had experienced any known concussions (脑震荡) in the past.
Then the players completed computerized tests of their memory and other learning skills and had their brains scanned, using a complicated new M.R.I. technique which can find structural changes in the brain that can’t be seen during most scans.
According to the data they presented at a Radiological Society of North America meeting last month, the researchers found that the players who had headed the ball more than about 1,100 times in the previous 12 months showed significant loss of white matter in parts of their brains involved with memory, attention and the processing of visual information, compared with players who had headed the ball fewer times.
This pattern of white matter loss is “similar to those seen in traumatic (外伤的) brain injury”, like that after a serious concussion, the researchers reported, even though only one of these players was reported to have ever experienced a concussion.
The players who had headed the ball about 1,100 times or more in the past year were also generally worse at recalling lists of words read to them, forgetting or fumbling the words far more often than players who had headed the ball less.
【小题1】The passage is most probably a______.

第二卷（满分40）

第一节：单词拼写

76.Even though the team’s best player was injured and they had to use a s___ player, they still won the match.

77.Peru has a_____ plants from desert grasses to vast areas of jungle.

78.More importantly, I am now a more a_____ learner.

79.That evening I fell happily into bed. It was such a _____(殊荣) to have spent a day with Tombe’s family.

80.Thanks for your letter, which took a ____ （两周）to arrive.

81.Claire thought it was ridiculous to be offered ____ （同情）by a robot.

82.Just accept them for who they are, and give them ____（鼓励）to live as rich and full a life as you do.

83.The few who cannot see the real person inside my body do not make me a_____, and I just ignore them.  

84.Every possible ____（手段）has been tried, but in vain.

85.LiMing was e_____ our monitor for his excellent leadership.

86.In China ,there is no r____ difference.

87.He has twenty head of _____（牛） on his farm.

88.N____ can you find such a beautiful place.

89.Three in ten students were for the new plan. That is to say, the m____ of the students were against it.

90.He caught the ball, and then it _____（滑动）through his fingers.

What happens inside the skull of a soccer player who repeatedly heads a soccer ball? That question motivated a challenging new study of the brains of experienced players that has caused discussion and debate among soccer players, and some anxiety among those of us with soccer-playing children.

For the study, researchers at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York selected 34 adults, men and women. All of the volunteers had played soccer since childhood and now competed year-round in adult soccer leagues. Each filled out a detailed questionnaire developed especially for this study to determine how many times they had headed a soccer ball in the previous year, as well as whether they had experienced any known concussions (脑震荡) in the past.

Then the players completed computerized tests of their memory and other learning skills and had their brains scanned, using a complicated new M.R.I. technique which can find structural changes in the brain that can’t be seen during most scans.

According to the data they presented at a Radiological Society of North America meeting last month, the researchers found that the players who had headed the ball more than about 1,100 times in the previous 12 months showed significant loss of white matter in parts of their brains involved with memory, attention and the processing of visual information, compared with players who had headed the ball fewer times.

This pattern of white matter loss is “similar to those seen in traumatic (外伤的) brain injury”, like that after a serious concussion, the researchers reported, even though only one of these players was reported to have ever experienced a concussion.

The players who had headed the ball about 1,100 times or more in the past year were also generally worse at recalling lists of words read to them, forgetting or fumbling the words far more often than players who had headed the ball less.

1.The passage is most probably a______.

A．news report                           B．research report

C．story for soccer players                   D．text for doctors

2.In which way can we find the structural changes in the brain?

A．Computerized test.                      B．Questionnaire..

C．Scanning.                             D．M.R.I. technique.

3.From the passage we can conclude that frequent heading may have_____.

A．significant effect on brain                 B．little effect on one’s brain

C．nothing to do with the brain injury          D．one’s memory improved

4.The underlined word "fumbling" is closest in meaning to______.

A．remembering                          B．misunderstanding

C．recalling                              D．missing

根据以下各句所给的首字母或汉语提示，用单词的正确形式填空，并将其写在答题卷上。
【小题1】It was quite terrible. It took me some time to c___________ down myself.
【小题2】Parents are always c_____________ much about their children.
【小题3】I'm terribly sorry. I didn't do it on p__________.
【小题4】It took her a long while to r___________ from her heart operation.
【小题5】The children played ____________ (在户外)until it started to rain.
【小题6】After the war, a new g_______________ was set up for that country.
【小题7】The people p__________ at the meeting were all for the suggestion.
【小题8】The ball went in the d_______________ of the man sitting in a boat on the river.
【小题9】At the party a foreign teacher was r______________(要求) to sing some folk songs.
【小题10】He was a young sailor on his first sea v______________.
【小题11】The mother i_________ that he finish his homework first, which made his son very angry.
【小题12】Whether you will succeed or not in doing the work depends on your a________ to it.
【小题13】This song sounds f_____________ to me. I must have heard it sung somewhere before.
【小题14】She ________________ (毕业)from Peking University last year.
【小题15】The speech contest was o______________ well.
【小题16】When she heard the news that her husband was killed in the accident, she b_______ into tears.
【小题17】After the earthquake, the whole city was in r_________.
【小题18】J_______ from his accent, we know he comes from the west.
【小题19】Prices have _____________ (上涨) quickly.
【小题20】The building was completely ______________(摧毁) by fire.