In the 1960s,medical researchers Thomas Holmes and Richard Rahe developed a checklist of stressful events. They found out that any major change can be stressful. Negative events like “serious illness of a family member” were high on the list, but so were some positive life-changing events, like marriage. When you take the Holmes-Rahe test you must remember that the score does not show how you deal with stress—it only shows how much you have to deal with. And we now know that the way you deal with these events has a great effect on your chances of staying healthy.

By the early 1970s,hundreds of similar studies had followed Holmes and Rahe. And millions of Americans who work and live under stress worried over the reports. Somehow, the research got boiled down to a memorable message. Women's magazines ran headlines like “Stress causes illnesses”.If you want to stay physically and mentally healthy, the articles said, avoid stressful events. But such simplistic advice is impossible to follow. ven if stressful events are dangerous, many—like the death of a loved one—are impossible to avoid. Moreover, any warning to avoid all stressful events is a prescription(处方) for staying away from opportunities as well as trouble. Since any change can be stressful, a person who wanted to be ?completely? free of stress would never marry, have a child, take a new job or move.?

The idea that all stress makes you sick also takes no notice of what we know about people. It is supposed that we're all weak and passive in the face of difficulty. But many come through periods of stress with more physical and mental strength than they had before. We also know that a long time without change or challenge can lead to boredom, and physical and mental damage.?

The result of Holmes-Rahe's medical research tells us _______.?

A. the way of dealing with major events may cause stress?

B. what should be done to avoid stress?

C. what kind of event would cause stress?

D. how to deal with sudden changes in life?

The studies on stress in the early 1970's led to_______.?

A. widespread worry over its harmful effects?

B. great fear about the mental problems it could cause?

C. a deep research into illnesses connected with stress?

D. popular avoidance of stressful jobs?

According to the passage people who have experienced ups and downs may become_______.

A. discouraged when faced with difficulty

B. physically and mentally weak?

C. more experienced in the face of difficulty

D. uninterested in what happens to them?

What's the purpose of writing the text??

A. To tell people the discoveries about stress.?

B. To tell people how to keep healthy.?

C. To help people avoid stressful events.?

D. To help people view stress properly.

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

          But science may have just proved them right – because beautiful women are more likely to have daughters than their plainer counterparts, according to a study.

As parents tend to pass on genes that determine looks, this could result in handsome men becoming rather thin on the ground.         For example, Yasmin Le Bon is signed to the same modelling agency as daughter Amber, and Jerry Hall’s daughters Elizabeth and Georgia Jagger have both taken to the catwalk.  

Dr Satoshi Kanazawa, of the London School of Economics, analysed data from a survey of 17,000 babies born in Britain in March 1958 and tracked them throughout their lives.           When they reached 45, they were asked about the gender of any children they had.

Those rated as attractive were equally likely to have a son or daughter as their first child – but the unattractive sorts were more likely to have a son.       

Dr Kanazawa believes that parents tend to produce children who benefit from their own features.        So it pays for attractive women to have daughters. But couples blessed with strength and aggression rather than looks are better off having boys, as these characteristics are of more use to males.

A. Women are becoming more beautiful over the generations because attractive women have

more children than plain ones.

B. Single girls have always complained that good-looking men are difficult to find.

C. Beauty is of more benefit to a woman than a man.

D. At the age of seven, their attractiveness was rated by their teachers.

E. Put another way, the beautiful women were more likely to have daughters.

F. And it may also explain why many models have daughters who follow in their fascinating footsteps.

G. Famously good-looking parents like Tom Cruise and Katie Holmes are more likely to have girls than uglier couples.

What do literary greats Sir Arthur Conan Doyle and Robert Burns have in common? They both lived and wrote in Edinburgh, along with many other big names in the field of literature. This fact helped UNESCO (联合国教科文组织) award the city the title of world's first City of Literature on October 14.

Edinburgh left a lasting impression on Arthur Conan Doyle (1859-1930). Although he was born there he went to school in England but returned home for medical school. After graduating he moved to London and began writing his Sherlock Holmes stories. His inspiration for the character came from one of his professors at university. Holmes' methods were so clever that they actually furthered the advance of the study of criminology (犯罪学).

Robert Burns (1759-1796) is still regarded as Scotland's national poet, more than 200 years after his death. He is celebrated all over the world through translations of his work and the annual Burns Night supper on his birthday. One of his songs, "My Love is Like a Red Red Rose" ranks among the finest love songs ever written and "Auld Lang Syne" (友谊地久天长) is sung all around the world．

As one of the first literate societies in Europe, the Scottish Parliament passed the world's first compulsory (义务) education law in 1496. By the 1790s, almost all Scots could read． Visitors to Scotland often observed that even the lowest members of society had copies of Burns' poems and other books.

Edinburgh was awarded the title of world's first City of Literature because _____.

       A．the first award ceremony of literature was held there

       B．many literary greats like Sir Arthur Conan Doyle and Robert Burns were born there

       C．it left a deep impression on many literary greats like Sir Arthur Conan Doyle

       D． many literary greats like Sir Arthur Conan Doyle and Robert Burns often wrote about it

Arthur Conan Doyle was remembered mainly for his _____.

       A．detective stories   B．love poems and songs  

       C．contribution to the study of criminology       D． clever writing skill

In honour of Robert Burns, _____.

       A．"My Love is Like a Red Red Rose" and "Auld Lang Syne" are sung all around the world

       B．his works are translated into many languages every year

       C．a celebration is held more than 200 years after his death

       D． a celebration is held every year on his birthday

In the last paragraph, the writer mainly discussed _____.

       A．the impression of visitors to Scotland

       B．how Burn’s poems are popular in Scotland

       C．the possible history reasons for many literary greats in Scotland

       D． how the world’s first compulsory education law was made

― Did you tell Holmes about what happened to the train?

― No, I didn’t. He had rushed off towards the station ______ I could say anything more.

A. until            B. before               C. when                D. as

Holmes and Watson spent the night ___in the lady’s room .

A .being locked B .locking        C. locked                D. lock