Harold Bate, a British inventor, fuels his car with pigs' manure． But any animal waste will do -- dogs', cats', goats', horses', chickens'． Harold's recipe for fuel is simple． He shovels the manure into his methane gas extractor, mixes it with straw and water, and lets the methane bubble through． Then he bottles the fuel, connects the bottle with the special gas converter in his car, and off he goes． The fuel produces no smell or air pollution． It's cheap too． But the British seem to have little interest in it．

　　In America, however, Harold has become something of an antipollution folk hero． He gets about fifty letters a week from Americans asking for gas converters． One family wrote to say they'd bought fifteen hens and a goat． Would this give them enough manure, and what kind of car should they buy? "A Cadillac," Harold wrote back． "They run very well on goats' manure．"

1．This article is mainly about the________．

A．danger of pollution to society B．difference between Britain and America

C．clever use of a waste product D．various types of automobile fuel

2．First the gas is________．

A． converted B． bottled C． extracted D． burned

3．The fuel is converted while it is in the________．

A． barnyard B． shovel C． extractor D． car

4．The fuel is good because it doesn't________．

A．pollute the air B． smell C． cost much D．All of the above

5．The British aren't interested in the fuel because it is________．

A．hard to obtain B． expensive C． dirty D．The article does not say．

6．The Americans are interested in the fuel because it________．

A．could help solve a pollution problem B． is made by a British inventor

C．burns very quickly　　　　D． The article does not say．

7．Interested people ask Harold to send them_________．

A． goats B．converters C． extractors D． cars

8．The article suggests that the new fuel is used mainly by________．

A． Canadians B． Americans C． aircraft pilots D． automobile manufacturers

What is cloning? Are there different types of cloning?

_____71____ Actually, there are different technologies which can be used for other purpose besides producing the genetic twin of another organism. A basic understanding of the different types of cloning is key to talking an informed stance on current public policy issues and making the best possible personal decisions. The following three types of cloning technologies are usually performed; recombinant DNA technology or DNA cloning, reproductive cloning, and therapeutic cloning.

___72_____

Scientists have been cloning animals for many years. In 1952, the first animal, a tadpole, was cloned. ___73_____ Since Dolly, researchers have cloned a number of large and small animals including sheep, goats, cows, mice, pigs, cats, rabbits, and a gaur. ____74____

Hundreds of cloned animals exist today, but the number of different species is limited. ____75____ Some species may be more resistant to somatic cell nuclear transfer than others. The process of stripping the nucleus from an egg cell and replacing it with the nucleus of a donor cell is a traumatic one, and improvements in cloning technologies may be needed before many species can be cloned successfully.

E.       Cloning is making a genetic copy of something else.

F.       Attempts at cloning certain species such as monkeys, chickens, horses, and dogs, have been unsuccessful.

G.       Before the creation of Dolly, the first mammal cloned from the cell of an adult animal, clones were created from embryonic cells.

The researchers, led by Hwang Woo-suk, insist they cloned an Afghan hound, only to help investigate (研究) human disease, including the possibility of cloning stem cells (干细胞) for treatment purposes.

But others immediately renewed calls for a global ban on human reproductive cloning before the technology moves any farther.

“Successful cloning of an increasing number of species confirms the general impression that it would be possible to clone any species of mammals, including humans,” said Ian Wilmut, a reproductive biologist at the University of Edinburgh who produced the first cloned mammal, Dolly the sheep, from an adult cell nearly a decade ago.

Researchers have since cloned cats, goats, cows, mice, pigs, rabbits, horses, deer, mules and gaur, a large wild ox of Southeast Asia. So far, efforts to clone a monkey or another primate with the same techniques have failed.

Uncertainties about the health and life span (寿命) of cloned animals continue to exsist; Dolly died at a young age in 2003 after developing cancer and arthritis.

Wilmut and others complimented Hwang’s achievement, reported Wednesday in the journal Nature. But they said politicians and scientists must face the larger issue — how to go on with the research without crossing the moral boundary of copying human life in the lab.

“The ability to use the technology is hopeful,” said Robert Schenken, president of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine. “However, the paper also points out that in dogs as in most species, cloning for reproductive purposes is unsafe.”

The cloned puppy was the lone success from more than 100 dogs implanted (嵌入)with more than 1,000 cloned embryos.

In a news conference in Seoul, the cloning team also condemned the reproductive cloning of humans as “unsafe and inefficient.” Human reproductive cloning already is banned in South Korea. Other nations, including the United States, are divided on whether to ban just human cloning or cloning of all kinds, including the production of stem cells.

43． An Afghan hound is a kind of ______.

　 A. cat　　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. dog　　　　　　　　　 C. cow　　　　　　　　 D. goat

44． A ______ is a large wild ox of Southeast Asia.

　 A. horse　 　　　　　 B. deer　　　 　 C. mules　　　 D. gaur

45．Accrding to the passage, scientists haven’t been able to clone a ______ so far.

　 A. deer　　　　　 B. mule　　　　 C. monkey　 　　 D. mouse

46．The underlined word complimented is probably similar in meaning to ______.

　 A. praised　　 　　 B. doubted　　 C. refused　 　　 D. gave up

47．The cloning of human beings is banned in ______.

　 A. South Korea　　　　　 　　　　　　　　

B. the United States

C. both South Korea and the United States　

D. neither South Korea nor the United States

The researchers, led by Hwang Woo-suk, insist they cloned an Afghan hound, only to help investigate (研究) human disease, including the possibility of cloning stem cells (干细胞) for treatment purposes.

But others immediately renewed calls for a global ban on human reproductive cloning before the technology moves any farther.

“Successful cloning of an increasing number of species confirms the general impression that it would be possible to clone any species of mammals, including humans,” said Ian Wilmut, a reproductive biologist at the University of Edinburgh who produced the first cloned mammal, Dolly the sheep, from an adult cell nearly a decade ago.

Researchers have since cloned cats, goats, cows, mice, pigs, rabbits, horses, deer, mules and gaur, a large wild ox of Southeast Asia. So far, efforts to clone a monkey or another primate with the same techniques have failed.

Uncertainties about the health and life span (寿命) of cloned animals continue to exsist; Dolly died at a young age in 2003 after developing cancer and arthritis.

Wilmut and others complimented Hwang’s achievement, reported Wednesday in the journal Nature. But they said politicians and scientists must face the larger issue — how to go on with the research without crossing the moral boundary of copying human life in the lab.

“The ability to use the technology is hopeful,” said Robert Schenken, president of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine. “However, the paper also points out that in dogs as in most species, cloning for reproductive purposes is unsafe.”

The cloned puppy was the lone success from more than 100 dogs implanted (嵌入)with more than 1,000 cloned embryos.

In a news conference in Seoul, the cloning team also condemned the reproductive cloning of humans as “unsafe and inefficient.” Human reproductive cloning already is banned in South Korea. Other nations, including the United States, are divided on whether to ban just human cloning or cloning of all kinds, including the production of stem cells.

1. An Afghan hound is a kind of ______.

   A. cat               B. dog          C. cow          D. goat

2. A ______ is a large wild ox of Southeast Asia.

   A. horse         B. deer        C. mules            D. gaur

3.Accrding to the passage, scientists haven’t been able to clone a ______ so far.

   A. deer           B. mule            C. monkey       D. mouse

4.The underlined word complimented is probably similar in meaning to ______.

   A. praised      B. doubted          C. refused      D. gave up

5.The cloning of human beings is banned in ______. 

   A. South Korea                      

B. the United States

C. both South Korea and the United States  

D. neither South Korea nor the United States

The researchers, led by Hwang Woo-suk, insist they cloned an Afghan hound, only to help investigate (研究) human disease, including the possibility of cloning stem cells (干细胞) for treatment purposes.
But others immediately renewed calls for a global ban (禁令)on human reproductive cloning before the technology moves any farther.
"Successful cloning of an increasing number of species confirms the general impression that it would be possible to clone any species of mammals, including humans," said Ian Wilmut, a reproductive biologist at the University of Edinburgh who produced the first cloned mammal, Dolly the sheep, from an adult cell nearly a decade ago.
Researchers have since cloned cats, goats, cows, mice, pigs, rabbits, horses, deer, mules and gaur, a large wild ox of Southeast Asia. So far, efforts to clone a monkey or another primate with the same techniques have failed.
Uncertainties about the health and life span (寿命) of cloned animals continue to exist; Dolly died at a young age in 2003 after developing cancer and arthritis.
Wilmut and others complimented Hwang's achievement, reported Wednesday in the journal Nature. But they said politicians and scientists must face the larger issue — how to go on with the research without crossing the moral boundary of copying human life in the lab.
"The ability to use the technology is hopeful," said Robert Schenken, president of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine. "However, the paper also points out that in dogs as in most species, cloning for reproductive purposes is unsafe."
The cloned puppy was the lone success from more than 100 dogs implanted (嵌入)with more than 1,000 cloned embryos.
In a news conference in Seoul, the cloning team also condemned(谴责)the reproductive cloning of humans as "unsafe and inefficient." Human reproductive cloning already is banned in South Korea. Other nations, including the United States, are divided on whether to ban just human cloning or cloning of all kinds, including the production of stem cells.
56. An Afghan hound is a kind of ______.
A. cat           B. goat          c. cow          D. dog
57. A ______ is a large wild ox of Southeast Asia.
A. horse          B. deer          C. mules        D. gaur
58. Accrding to the passage, scientists haven’t been able to clone a ______ so far.
A. deer           B. mule         C. mouse        D. monkey
59. The underlined word complimented is probably similar in meaning to ______.
A. praised         B. doubted       C. refused      D. gave up
60. The cloning of human beings is banned in ______. 
A. South Korea                        B. the United States
C. both South Korea and the United States   D. neither South Korea nor the United States