In 1974, after filling out fifty applications, going through four interviews, and winning one offer, I took what I could get ----- a teaching job at what I considered a distant wild area: western New Jersey. My characteristic optimism was alive only when I reminded myself that I would be doing what I had wanted to do since I was fourteen ------- teaching English.
School started, but I felt more and more as if I were in a foreign country. Was this rural area really New Jersey? My students took a week off when hunting season began. I was told they were also frequently absent in late October to help their fathers make hay on the farms. I was a young woman from New York City, who thought that “Make hay while the sun shines” just meant to have a good time.
But, still, I was teaching English. I worked hard, taking time off only to eat and sleep. And then there was my sixth-grade class ---- seventeen boys and five girls who were only six years younger than me. I had a problem long before I knew it. I was struggling in my work as a young idealistic teacher. I wanted to make literature come alive and to promote a love of the written word. The students wanted to throw spitballs and whisper dirty words in the back of the room.
In college I had been taught that a successful educator should ignore bad behavior. So I did, confident that, as the textbook had said, the bad behavior would disappear as I gave my students positive attention. It sounds reasonable, but the text evidently ignored the fact that humans, particularly teenagers, rarely seems reasonable. By the time my boss, who was also my taskmaster, known to be the strictest, most demanding, most quick to fire inexperienced teachers, came into the classroom to observe me, the students exhibited very little good behavior to praise.
My boss sat in the back of the room. The boys in the class were making animal noises, hitting each other while the girls filed their nails or read magazines. I just pretended it all wasn’t happening, and went on lecturing and tried to ask some inspiring questions. My boss, sitting in the back of the classroom, seemed to be growing bigger and bigger. After twenty minutes he left, silently. Visions of unemployment marched before my eyes.
I felt mildly victorious that I got through the rest of class without crying, but at my next free period I had to face him. I wondered if he would let me finish out the day. I walked to his office, took a deep breath, and opened the door.
He was sitting in his chair, and he looked at me long and hard. I said nothing. All I could think of was that I was not an English teacher; I had been lying to myself, pretending that everything was fine.
When he spoke, he said simply, without accusation, “You had nothing to say to them.”
“You had nothing to say to them”. he repeated.” No wonder they are bored. Why not get to the meat of literature and stop talking about symbolism. Talk with them, not at them. And more important, why do you ignore their bad behavior”? We talked. He named my problems and offered solutions. We role-played. He was the bad student, and I was the forceful, yet, warm, teacher
As the year progressed, we spent many hours discussing literature and ideas about human beings and their motivations. He helped me identify my weaknesses and strengths. In short, he made a teacher of me by teaching me the reality of Emerson’s words: “The secret to education lies in respecting the pupil.”
Fifteen years later I still drive that same winding road to the same school. Thanks to the help I received that difficult first year, the school is my home now.
【小题1】 It can be inferred from the story that in 1974 ________________.

They are the sort of friends who are so close they trust each other with their lives.If one falls, the other is there to catch him.
They are Wellman, whose legs were permanently injured nine years ago in a rock-climbing accident and Corbett, an experienced rock climber. Together, they climbed up Half Dome. the famous 2,000-foot rock in the Yosemite National park, through one of the most difficult routes(路线).
During the climb, Corbett took the lead, hit in the metal spikes (尖状物)that guided the ropes and climbed up. Then, after Wellman pulled himself  up the rope, Corbett went down to remove the spikes and climbed up again. This process was repeated time and again, inch by inch, for 13 days Wellman’s job was not easy either.  He got himself up the rope through upper body strength alone. In all, Wellman figured(计算) that he had done 5.000 pull-ups up the rope on the climb.
However, when the two men first met, they never talked about climbing. “He knew that was how I got injured.”Wellman said. Until one day Wellman decided that be wanted to climb again and they started training
Their climb of Half Dome was not all smooth. At one point, pieces of rock gave way, and Corbett dropped down quickly. Wellman locked their rope in place, stopping the fall at 20 feet. His quick action probably saved his friend’s life.
“Your partner can save your life—you can sane your partner’s life” Wellman said as the pair received congratulations from friends “there are real close tic.”
【小题1】Which of the following was a challenge for Corbett in climbing Half Dome?

  Spending as little as  $US 5 a day on someone else could significantly boost happiness，the team at the University of British Columbia found．

  Their experiments on more than 630 Americans showed they were measurably happier when they spent money on others―even if they thought spending the money on themselves would make them happier．

  “We wanted to test our theory that how people spend their money is at least as important

as how much money they earn，”said Elizabeth Dunn，a psychologist at the University of British Columbia．They asked their 600 volunteers fwst to rate their general happiness，report their annual income and detail their monthly spending including bills，gifts for themselves，gifts for others and donations to charity．

  “No matter how much income each person made，those who spent money on others reported greater happiness，while those who spent more on themselves did not，”Dunn said in a statement．

  Dunn’s team also surveyed 16 employees at a company in Boston before and after they received an annual profit-sharing bonus ofbetween$US3000 and$US8000．“Employees who devoted more of their bonus to pro-social spending experienced greater happiness after receiving the bonus，and the manner in which they spent that bonus was a more important predictor of their happiness than the size of the bonus itself，”they wrote in their report，published in the journal science．

  They gave their volunteers$US5 or $US20 and half got clear instructions on how to spend it．Those, who spent the money on someone or something else reported feeling happier about it．

  “These findings suggest that very minor changes in spending allocations―a8 little as $US5一may be enough to produce real gains in happiness on a given day，”Dunn said．

56．What is the general idea of the passage?

  A．The more you earn，the greater happiness you will get．

  B．Spending more money on yourself will make you happier．

  C．Money Can buy happiness，but only if you spend it on someone else．

  D．You can spend only$US5 a day on 80meone else to get happiness．

57．The underlined word“boost’’ in the first paragraph probably means

  A．help to find                                   B．help to bring

  C．help to increase                             D．help to get

58．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?

  A．Those who spend more money on础占r8 Can get much more bonus．

  B．People usually think spending money on themselves will make them happier．

  C．Very small changes in spending your money may be enough to gain happiness．

  D．Researchers think that how people spend their money is at least as important as how much money they earn．

59．Dunn is ______ .

     A.. an employee in a company

     C．a reporter in a journal

     B．a psychologist at a university

     D．a volunteer in the experiment

60．It Can be inferred from the 6th paragraph that    ．

    A. the volunteers not given$US5 or $US20 spent their own money on themselves

    B. those who spent the money on someone or something else felt happier about it

    C. the volunteers were given $US5 or$U$20 as a reward for the experiment

    D. half of the volunteers could spend the money as they liked

According to researchers．money can buy happiness, but only if you spend it on someone else．

Spending as little as $5 a day on someone else could significantly bring you happiness, the team at the University of British Columbia and Harvard Business School found．

Their experiments on more than 630 Americans showed they were measurably（适度地） happier when they spent money on others--even if they thought spending the money on themselves would make them happier．

"We wanted to test our theory that how people spend their money is at least as important as how much money they earn," said Elizabeth Dunn, a psychologist at the University of British Columbia．

They asked their 600 volunteers first to rate their general happiness, report their annual income and detail their monthly spending including bills, gifts for themselves, gifts for others and donations to charity．

"Regardless of how much income each person made, those who spent money on others reported greater happiness, while those who spent more on themselves did not," Dunn said in a statement．

Dunn's team also surveyed 16 employees at a company in Boston before and after they received an annual profit-sharing bonus（奖金） of between $3,000 and $8,000．

"Employees who devoted more of their bonus to pro-social spending experienced greater happiness after receiving the bonus, and the manner in which they spent that bonus was a more important predictor of their happiness than the size of the bonus itself," they wrote in their report, published in the journal Science．

They gave their volunteers $5 or $20 and half got clear instructions on how to spend it．Those who spent the money on someone or something else reported feeling happier about it．

"These findings suggest that very minor alterations（改动） in spending allocations（分配） - as little as $5 - may be enough to produce real gains in happiness on a given day," Dunn said．

1.According to the passage,_____________．

    A．the more money you spend on others, the happier you are

    B．spending money on others can bring you happiness

    C．Elizabeth Dunn is a psychologist from Harvest Business School

    D．six hundred volunteers took part in the experiment

2.The 16 employees mentioned in the passage _________．

    A．were given clear instructions on how to spend the bonus

    B．had more happiness than the size of the bonus itself

    C．experienced greater happiness after receiving their bonus

    D．felt happier after they contributed much of the bonus of charities

3.Dunn’s statement suggested that ______________．

    A．those who spent money on others felt happier no matter how much they earned

    B．those who spent more money on themselves felt happier

    C．people thought spending money could make themselves happier

    D．the money spent was as important as the money earned

4.The best title of this passage is ___________．

    A．Experiment on Money Spending

    B．Spending Money on Others Makes One Happier

    C．Devoting Your Money to Charities

    D．Bonus and Pro-social Spending