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With alarming regularity, we read about oil tankers having accidents near land and the terrible consequences of the oil spills （泄露） on people, nature, and the environment．
Millions of dollars have been used in developing special chemicals to help dismiss the spills and to clean up the animals, beaches, and land spoiled by the oil．Unfortunately, when many of these chemicals are used, more damage is caused to the environment, especially to lives in the sea．
Of all of today's environmental disasters, an oil spill may actually be one of the least serious．Although oil is poisonous, it is a natural material．In the end, it breaks down naturally．There are, of course, long-term effects, but it is usually more serious in the short term．
Nature by itself works better than chemical materials, but when there is a spill we demand that governments act immediately with as much hi-tech knowledge as possible．In 1967 the tanker Torrey Canyon sank off the Scilly Isles near the coast of England and spilled 120,000 tones of oil into the ocean．If you go there today, you will find it hard to see any sign that it ever happened．
Governments seem to accept the risk of transporting millions of tons of oil by ship every day so that we can fill up our cars and drive around and cause even more environmental damage．Interestingly, the biggest companies in the world produce cars, and the next biggest supply the gasoline to make them run.
We should be thinking more about reducing our dependency on oil．Governments should be encouraging research into new technologies, such as cars run by solar power （太阳能） , electricity, hydrogen, and so on．Much of this research has, in the past, been held back by the oil, gas, and coal．
If the world's millions of cars were 10% more efficient （高效的）—and the industry could easily produce cars at least twice as efficient，we would need many fewer tankers crossing the oceans each year．If this happened, the risks of oil spills would be reduced, and the air we breathe would be cleaner and fresher, too．
- 1.
What is the passage mainly talking about?
- A.Oil spills pollution．
- B.What oil pollution is
- C.Oil tanker accidents
- D.How to reduce oil pollution
- A.
- 2.
How does the author support the idea that oil spills are not as serious as people believe?
- A.By giving a description．
- B.By making an argument
- C.By giving an example．
- D.By drawing a diagram
- A.
- 3.
What does the underlined word "risk" in Paragraph 5 refer to?
- A.Transportation depending more on oil
- B.Poisonous oil breaking down naturally
- C.Millions of tons of oil spilling into the sea
- D.More environmental damage being caused
- A.
- 4.
Which suggestion, is made for reducing oil tank accidents according to the passage?
- A.We should build safer tankers in the near future
- B.We should develop new technologies to cut oil use
- C.Tankers should not be allowed to sail near the coastlines
- D.Countries should build more oil pipelines under the sea
- A.
读写任务
阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
My First Days in New YorkSunday 2nd July
It’s amazing that I can stand on the New York City now．I can hardly believe my eyes even if I see the famous Statue of Liberty．I come from Perth, a quiet town in Scotland, and I haven’t seen much of the world．Luckily I can be one of the exchanged program students．We can stay here for 2 weeks．I am really excited about the following weeks．But before I came to New York, my instructor told me some differences between the English we and they speak．I am a little bit nervous．
Monday 3rd July
I’m really tired of the difference．I woke up at 2 o’clock and went out to have some food and sat at a table．Oil the pavement－or sidewalk, as they call it here．I was happy to sit and watch people．Sometimes I can overhear some American accent．I entered a small coffee shop and ordered something to eat．But the problem is that I couldn’t understand the waitress’ New York accent and she couldn’t understand mine．Later, I got a hamburger with crisps but I wanted chips．Then I walked back to my hotel and went to my room, which I knew was on the first floor．But in America, they say first floor instead of ground floor so I went into the wrong room．I felt so embarrassed! That was the worst moment for me．I felt far away from home even though Americans and British speak the same language．I was like a foreigner．But the American woman who was in the room laughed and said she had had the same problem in England．
Sunday 16th July
How time flies! I still remember the first day I came to New York but now I must leave her．The embarrassment was gone when I got used to the life here．I met some many friends and took Dart in lots of activities．My American friends made a fuss of me(大惊小怪)and they said my accent was so cute．Yesterday we held a goodbye party in their International Student Center－that’s “centre” where I come from．I will miss you, New York．
[写作内容]
(1)概括短文的内容要点，该部分的词数大约为30词。
(2)以“如何分析英式英语和美式英语的区别及影响?”为题，发表自己的观点。
至少包含以下的内容要点，该部分的词数大约为120词。
①两种语言在发音和词汇方面的不同。
②两种语言在语法方面的不同。
③所产生的不同对两个国家人民的影响。
[写作要求]
可以使用实例或其他论述方法支持你的论点，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不要直接引用原文中的句子。
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to block the water and send it through a large wheel called a turbine (涡轮)．The turbine can then power an electrical generator (发电机)．The United States and a few other countries have started doing research on wave energy, and it is already being used in Scotland．The resource is huge．We will never run out of wave power, besides, wave energy does not create the same pollution as other energy sources, such as oil and coal．War, money and power are a few things that countries and people are concerned about. __1__ I agree that those things are important, I believe that everyone should start to __2__ more on a growing problem—global warming.
Global warming will not only __3__ our country and our generation, but also the entire __4__ and future generations. It is __5__ because the weather has been a lot warmer over the past few years, which __6__ the melting(融化) of the ice in the Antarctic. This will soon cause water levels to __7__ and flood parts of the world.
Many people ignore this problem because they feel __8__ they can't do anything about it and have more __9__ things to worry about. If we all __10__ so, then our ozone layer(臭氧层) will be __11__ and the planet will no longer be able to make life continue to exist. We should do our best to limit the use of our planet's __12__ resources(资源) and keep our air clean. __13__， future generations will suffer from our __14__.
Some might feel that they can't stop global warming from __15__. But if every single person does his or her part in keeping the air clean, then it will become a __16__ effort. Sure, there are some things that cause pollution and that we won't be able to __17__ change. This may include cars burning oil, but we can __18__ adjust some of these things. People can start carpooling, taking the bus, riding their bikes, or __19__ just walking.
If everyone takes __20__ now, I believe we can start seeing remarkable results within a few years.
1．A.When B．As C．How D．Though
2．A.depend B．focus C．hang D．remark
3．A.annoy B．interrupt C．affect D．confuse
4．A.world B．continent C．industry D．climate
5．A.failing B．completing C．changing D．occurring
6．A.lies in B．results in C．suffers from D．escapes from
7．A.reduce B．rise C．drop D．move
8．A.as if B．in case C．even though D．if only
9．A.popular B．suitable C．important D．difficult
10．A.do B．keep C．like D．find
11．A.protected B．strengthened C．destroyed D．surrounded
12．A.unlimited B．natural C．recycled D．industrial
13．A.Therefore B．Otherwise C．However D．Instead
14．A.illnesses B．failures C．decisions D．mistakes
15．A.continuing B．arriving C．improving D．disappearing
16．A.physical B．mental C．national D．worldwide
17．A.slightly B．fully C．hardly D．slowly
18．A.at least B．at most C．at first D．at last
19．A.yet B．even C．still D．thus
20．A.time B．turns C．action D．arms
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Russian President Putin named Time magazine’s“Person of the Year”
Russian President Vladimir Putin was named Time magazine’s“Person of the Year”on December 19th.2007 for strengthening stability（稳定）that made Russia a world power again.
The magazine recognized Putin’s“extraordinary feat（技艺）of leadership in taking a country that was in a mess and bringing it stability，”said Richard Stengel，Time’s managing editor.
The magazine noted that“Person of the Year”is not an honor or an endorsement（认可）but a recognition of leadership that shapes the world.
Putin，who is 56 years old，is very popular in Russia，making a great effort to cause economy to come to life on revenue（收入）from oil and natural gas.
Putin recently supported vice-PM Dmitry Medvedev’s presidential bid，and said he would accept Medvedev’s offer to serve as prime minister if Medvedev is elected on March 2.
The Kremlin said Wednesday the Time recognition was seen there as an acknowledgement of Putin’s role in helping Russia pull out of its social and economic troubles in the 1990s.
Others considered for“Person of the Year”included Nobel Prize-winner Al Gore and author J.K. Rowling.
This year’s choice was a return to the magazine’s tradition of picking an individual rather than last year’s choice of“You”，which refers to anyone creating or using content on the World Wide Web.
Putin is the fifth Russian（or Soviet）leader to be named Person of the Year：Gorbachev，Andropov，Khrushchev and Stalin，who was named twice.
55．How did Putin try to make Russia a world power again？
A．By performing arms race.
B．By making war.
C．By strengthening stability.
D．By getting foreign help.
56．Which of the following is Not True according to the passage？
A．Russia used to be in a mess.
B．Time always picks an individual to be the“Person of the Year”.
C．Oil and natural gas caused Russia’s economy to come to life.
D．Putin will leave office on March 2,2007.
57．What does the underlined word“acknowledgement”mean？
A．Praise. B．Support.
C．Scold. D．Recognition.
58．How many times have Russian leaders been named“Person of the Year”so far？
A．Five times. B．Six times.
C．Seven times. D．Eight times.
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