A new report says African governments are ill prepared to handle the growing number of people over age 65. The population in Africa  as in other parts of the world, is getting older. Currently, there are 36 million people on the continent 65 years and above. which is 3.6 percent of the population. up from 3.3 percent 10 years ago. That could rise to 4.5 percent by 2030 and 10 percent by 2050. The African development Bank is raising concerns over the shortage of health insurance and pensions (养老金).

     The African Development Bank says. "Aging is highly linked with long-term physical and mental  disability and a number of long-term chronic (慢性的) conditions."

     "Africa is not well prepared to care for its aging population right now. And it needs to prepare for this fact." said Professor Mthuli Ncube. the African Development Bank's chief economist. African nations spend far less on healthcare than developed nations do___ about $26per person per year. Not so many countries have well developed medical aid plans for the elderly, whether they are privately provided plans or indeed government plans. If you look at the pension plans, you will find the pension industries are not well developed in some of the countries.

     Professor Mthuli Ncube said African governments failed to take action on health insurance

and pensions because they were busy with economic reforms.

    Another challenge for Africa is the worsening of informal systems of social protection. That is cash and support from both the extended family and community sources.

   . The African Development Bank recommends governments help carry out health insurance and pension plans. Ncube said African governments didn't have to handle the health insurance burden alone. "It is not only a must but also an opportunity for private companies to add their bit in this regard", he said. The report also recommends that African governments consider providing ways of free health services. medications and long-term health care facilities for the elderly.

1. From the first paragraph we know the facts except that ____

A. the speed of people aging is becoming quicker

B . Africa has the largest aging population

C. African governments are not well prepared to deal with the aging population

D. the shortage of health insurance and pensions adds to African governments' difficulty in dealing With the aging population

2.Which is not highly linked with the aging according to the passage?

A. Long-term physical disability.             B. Long-term mental disability.

C. Long-term chronic illnesses.              D. Long-term shortage of care and love.

3. What got in the way of developing health insurance and pensions in Africa?

A. The economic reforms.                  B. Too many old people.

C. The shortage of land.                    D. The development of the economy.

4.How can the aging problem be solved in Africa according to Ncube?

A. African governments should spend as much money on healthcare as developed countries

B. African people should save enough money to insure their health.

C. African governments should combine with private companies to finish health insurance and pension pains.

D. Private sources should take the main responsibility to help the elderly.

5.The article is most likely to be seen____

A. in a story book      B. in a newspaper   C. on a TV program     D. in a textbook

I was eight years old then. Looking __36__ I remember the time in a baseball field passing the team that we had just __37__ . We shook their hands and said, "Good game!"

It is __38__ to do that when you win! When you lose, you have a tendency(倾向) to slap (拍) the hand — instead of shaking it — and __39__ the ground instead of the eyes. This is not only true for an eight-year-old; it is true for adults, too.

A few years ago, in a softball league, we lost 15 games! And we thought it was __40__ . But during the " Good game" handshake after each __41__, I looked each player in the eyes and shook their hands. I couldn't look my opponents (对手) in the eyes and congratulate them on a good __42__ when I was eight. Somehow I took the loss as a __43__ on my self-worth and felt my self-confidence had been slapped; __44_- I did what most eight-year-olds do and I slapped the opponents' hands, not giving them the satisfaction of a shake. I was wrong to do this. I'm happy today as a(n) __45__ that I have learned this __46__ : There is something to be said for losing well.

__47__ it is a baseball game or an important examination, you can __48__ a lot about a person by now they deal with defeat. The person who deals with defeat as an __49__ blow is not allowing the event to define (定义) him, while someone who cannot __50__ defeat is allowing the event to __51__ his self-worth. In my opinion, when you __52__ in something— though it may be __53__ — look at your opponents in the eyes, and shake their hands in a __54__ way as you say, "Good game!" __55__ to allow the event to define your life. You might find yourself winning the next game.

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从下列各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上涂黑。

       Two minds with a single thought!

The young fisherman is thinking of a way to cross the stream without getting his   21    wet． The engineer is thinking of a  22   to get automobiles across the river without getting their wheels wet．You know the answer to  23    problems: a bridge．

The fisherman's bridge doesn't take   24   to build．Just place a board across the little stream and you   25   If the board is strong enough and if the fisherman doesn't   26    too much, all will be well．

Will the engineer  27   the same kind of bridge? You know he   28   and you know why． Automobiles are much heavier than   29   The river is much   30   than the stream．A long wood bridge just won't   31    ．It isn't strong enough．It would   32    and break under its own weight．The fisherman's problem is very   33    ．However, the engineer's is not．

But don't   34    sorry for the engineer．He doesn't have to   35    the very beginning with a long board．People have been thinking about bridges for thousands of years．They have designed many types of bridges．Each bridge is suited to its special   36    ．The engineer can choose the type best suited to the river and the   37    nearby．

What choice does he have, and why is one   38    than the others? One way for you to find out is to make a few bridges out of cardboard．They won't be strong enough to   39    a five-ton truck, but you will find out some of the main   40    of bridge design by doing some experiments．

21．A．clothes          B．socks            C．legs            D．feet                  

22．A．road             B．route              C．way               D．course

23．A．all              B．both             C．none            D．neither

24．A．long             B．easy               C．money         D．strength

25．A．have it            B．find it               C．try it                 D．see it

26．A．want．        B．work hard             C．care for if         D．weigh

27．A．promote．         B．permit             C．plan              D．profit

28．A．will             B．won't                 C．can               D．cannot

29．A．cars              B．trucks             C．animals           D．people

30．A．wider         B．deeper        C．more shallow             D．more popular

31．A．do             B．make           C．pass          D．arise

32．A．breakout      B．bring up       C．bend               D．burst

33．A．similar            B．simple ,           C．single              D．skilful

34．A．believe         B．think             C．feel             D．realize

35．A．deal with          B．do with            C．and with           D．start from

36．A．types             B．purpose          C．shapes           D．results

37．A．land              B．lake               C．mountain          D．area

38．A．longer            B．cheaper          C．more expensive   D．more suitable

39．A．convey          B．calculate              C．carry               D．classify

40．A．usage            B．ideas             C．attempts          D．factor

I was eight years old then. Looking __36__ I remember the time in a baseball field passing the team that we had just __37__ . We shook their hands and said, "Good game!"

It is __38__ to do that when you win! When you lose, you have a tendency(倾向) to slap (拍) the hand — instead of shaking it — and __39__ the ground instead of the eyes. This is not only true for an eight-year-old; it is true for adults, too.

A few years ago, in a softball league, we lost 15 games! And we thought it was __40__ . But during the " Good game" handshake after each __41__, I looked each player in the eyes and shook their hands. I couldn't look my opponents (对手) in the eyes and congratulate them on a good __42__ when I was eight. Somehow I took the loss as a __43__ on my self-worth and felt my self-confidence had been slapped; __44_- I did what most eight-year-olds do and I slapped the opponents' hands, not giving them the satisfaction of a shake. I was wrong to do this. I'm happy today as a(n) __45__ that I have learned this __46__ : There is something to be said for losing well.

__47__ it is a baseball game or an important examination, you can __48__ a lot about a person by now they deal with defeat. The person who deals with defeat as an __49__ blow is not allowing the event to define (定义) him, while someone who cannot __50__ defeat is allowing the event to __51__ his self-worth. In my opinion, when you __52__ in something— though it may be __53__ — look at your opponents in the eyes, and shake their hands in a __54__ way as you say, "Good game!" __55__ to allow the event to define your life. You might find yourself winning the next game.