The human body is a living machine ,and, like all machines, it needs fuel to supply it with energy. This is provided by the food we eat. But how much do we need to stay healthy?

The energy value of food is usually measured in calories. A calorie is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water by 1℃.The number of calories people need per day is different, as the chart below shows. Also, the number of calories you use at any moment normally depends on the activity you are in. For example, you need more calories for standing than for sitting, more for running than for walking, and so on.

The energy in food is mainly in the form of three kinds of chemical materials—carbohydrate（糖类）,protein and fat. Carbohydrate provides 3.8 Cal/gm（calories per gram） of energy, protein 4.0 Cal/gm and fat 8.8 Cal/gm. Each food contains different amounts of these materials, as the second chart shows.

Chart Ⅰ

Chart Ⅱ

1.____ calories are required to raise the temperature of 5 kg of water from 35 ℃ to 90 ℃?

A.55　　　　　　　　 B.175　　　　　　 C.325　　　　　　 D.275

2.If you lack for calories to support your running activities you’d better take more ____.

A. milk　　　　　　 B. peanuts C. rice　　　　　　 D. milk and rice

3.We may learn from the charts that ____.

A. a child aged eight requires more than 3 times the amount of calories that a baby does

B. a boy aged sixteen requires nearly twice the amount of calories that a boy aged eight does

C. a mother with a baby to feed uses up more calories than a hard-working farmer each day

D. an old man needs less calories than an 8-year-old boy on account of his less movement

4.Which of the following statements agrees with the passage and the charts above?

A. You need more calories for swimming that for mountain climbing.

B. If you take an equal amount of Vitamin containing the calories you need, you don’t need to eat any food at all.

C. Different people need different amounts of energy depending on their age, sex and the activities they are in.

D.3 grams of milk provides 16.6 calories because carbohydrate provides 3.8 Cal/gm, protein 4.0 Cal/gm, and fat 8.8 Cal/gm.

The Internet has led to a huge increase in credit－card (信用卡) fraud. Your card information could even be for sale in an illegal web site（非法网站）.

　 Web sites offering cheap goods and services should be regarded with care.

　 On－line shoppers who enter their credit－card information may never receive the goods they thought they bought. The thieves then go shopping with your card number—or sell the information over the Internet. Computers hackers (黑客) have broken down security（安全）systems, raising questions about the safety of cardholder information. Several months ago, 25,000 customers of CD Universe, an on－line music retailer (零售商) , were not lucky. Their names, addresses and credit－card numbers were posted on a Web site after the retailer refused to pay US $157,828 to get back the information.?

　 Credit－card firms are now fighting against on－line fraud. MasterCard is working on plans for Web－only credit card, with a lower credit limit. The card could be used only for shopping on－line. However, there are a few simple steps you can take to keep from being cheated (欺骗).?

　 Ask about your credit－card firm’s on－line rules: Under British law, cardholders have to pay the first US $78 of any fraudulent (欺骗性的) spending.

　 And shop only at secure sites; Send your credit－card information only if the Web site offers advanced secure system.?

　 If the security is in place, a letter will appear in the bottom right－hand corner of your screen. The Web site address may also start https: // － the extra “s” stands for secure. If in doubt, give your credit－card information over the telephone.

　　Keep your password（密码）safe: Most on－line sites require a user name and password before placing an order. Treat your passwords with care.? 

1.What is the meaning of “fraud”??

A. Cheating. 　　　B. Sale. 　　　　C. Payment. 　　　D. Safety.? 　

2. How can the thieves get the information of the credit card??

A. The customers give them the information.?

B. The thieves steal the information from Web sites.?

C. The customers sell the information to them.?

D. The thieves buy the information from credit card firms.? 　　

3.How many pieces of advice does the passage give to you??

A. Four. 　　　　　B. Three. 　　　　C. Five. 　　　　D. Six.

4. You are shopping on the site: http: // www. Shopping. com, and you want to buy a TV set, what does this article suggest to do??

A. Order the TV set at once. ?　

B. Do not buy the TV set on this site.?

C. E－mail the site your credit－card information.?

D. Tell the site your password and buy the TV set for you.?

We often talk about ourselves as if we have permanent genetic defects(缺陷) that can never be changed. “I’m impatient.” “I’m always behind.” “I always put things 　　1 !” You’ve surely heard them. Maybe you’ve used them to describe　　　 ___2　 .

These comments may come from stories about us that have been 　3　 for many years—often from 　4　 childhood. These stories may have no 　5　 in fact. But they can set low expectations for us. As a child, my mother said to me, “Marshall, you have no mechanical (操作机械的) skills, and you will never have any mechanical skills for the rest of your life.” How did these expectations　 6　 my development? I was never 　7　 to work on cars or be around　 8　 . When I was 18, I took the US Army’s Mechanical Aptitude Test. My scores were in the bottom for the entire nation!

Six years later,　 9　 , I was at California University, working on my doctors degree. One of my professors, Dr. Bob Tannbaum, asked me to write down things I did well and things I couldn’t do. On the positive side, I　 10　 down, “research, writing, analysis, and speaking.” On the　 11　 side, I wrote, “I have no mechanical skills.”

Bob asked me how I knew I had no mechanical skills. I explained my life 　12 and told him about my 　13　 performance on the Army test. Bob then asked, “　 14　 is it that you can solve 　 15　 mathematical problems, but you can’t solve simple mechanical problems?”

Suddenly I realized that I didn’t 　16　 from some sort of genetic defect. I was just living out expectations that I had chosen to 　17　 . At that point, it wasn’t just my family and friends who had been　 18　 my belief that I was mechanically hopeless. And it wasn’t just the Army test, either. I was the one who kept telling myself, “You can’t do this!” I realized that as long as I kept saying that, it was going to remain true. 　19　 , if we don’t treat ourselves as if we have incurable genetic defects, we can do well in almost 　20　 we choose.

1. A. away 　　　　　 B. off 　　　　　　　 C. up 　　　　　　　　　 D. down

2. A. them 　　　　 B. myself 　　　　　 C. yourself 　　　　 D. others

3. A. said 　　　　　 B. spoken 　　　　　 C. spread 　　　　　 D. repeated

4. A. as long as 　 B. as far back as 　 C. as well as 　　　 D. as much as

5. A. basis 　　　　 B. plot 　　　　　　　 C. cause 　　　　　　　　　　 D. meaning

6. A. lead 　　　　　 B. improve　　　　　　 C. affect 　　　　　 D. change

7. A. encouraged B. demanded 　　 C. hoped 　　　　　 D. agreed

8. A. means 　　　 B. tools 　　　　　　 C. facilities 　　　　 D. hammers

9. A. therefore 　 B. somehow 　　　 C. instead 　　　　　 D. however

10. A. settled 　　 B. turned 　　　　　 C. took 　　　　　　　　　　 D. got

11. A. passive 　　　 B. active 　　　　　 C. negative 　　　　　 D. subjective

12. A. experiences 　　　 B. trips 　　　　　　　　　　 C. roads 　　　　　　 D. paths

13. A. unexpected B. poor 　　　　　　 C. excellent 　　　 D. average

14. A. When 　　　 B. What 　　　　　　 C. How 　　　　　　　 D. Why

15. A. complex 　 B. advanced　　　　　 C. common 　　　　 D. primary

16. A. arise 　　　　 B. separate　　　　　　 C. suffer 　　　　　 D. come

17. A. believe 　　 B. suspect 　　　　 C. adopt 　　　　　　 D. receive

18. A. weakening B. strengthening 　 C. abandoning 　 D. accepting

19. A. As a result 　　　 B. At the same time C. In addition 　　 D. On the contrary

20. A. anything 　　 B. something 　　 C. nothing 　　　　 D. all

阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

Don’t Take the Fun Out of Youth Sports

When I joined a private football league a few years ago, the sport meant everything to me. My coach said that I had lots of potential, and I became captain of my  1  . That was before all the fun was taken out of   2  .

At first, everyone on the team got   3   playing time. Then the team moved up to the top division after winning all its games, and the   4  started. Some parents, who had paid the coach extra so their daughters could have   5  one on one training, got angry when she didn’t give them more playing time in our   6  . The coach was replaced.

The new coach, however, took all the fun out of the game: All we did during practice was 7  . I always wished to God that it would rain so we would not have the   8  .Of course, all teams run drills; they are  9  . But we ran so much that, afterwards, we had trouble   10  . Younger people shouldn’t be doing exercises   11  for 18-year-olds.

I was very thin   12  I started football, but as a member of this team I wouldn’t eat much, because I was afraid of being too  13  to run. I feared making mistakes, and the added pressure caused me to make more than my usual  14  .

Is all this pressure necessary? I  15   up leaving the football team. Four other girls did the same, and two of them stopped playing football completely. That’s  16  , because they had so much potential. They were just burned out with all the pressure they   17  from the coach or their parents.

I continued playing football at school and   18  my love for it. I joined a private team coached by my school coach. When I started playing   19  him, he told me I needed to relax because I looked nervous. After I   20  down, I played better. When you enjoy something, it’s a lot easier to do it well.

1.A.class　　　　　　　　　　  B.club　　　　　　　　   C.team　　　　　　　　  D.board

2.A.playing　　　　　　　　   B.living　　　　　　　　  C.learning　　　　　　  D.working

3.A.great　　　　　　　　　　  B.equal　　　　　　　　  C.right　　　　　　　　  D.extra

4.A.business　　　　　　　　 B.struggle　　　　　　  C.attempt　　　　　　　　　　 D.pressure

5.A.free　　　　　　　　　　    B.private　　　　　　    C.good　　　　　　　　  D.basic

6.A.matches　　　　　　　　 B.courses　　　　　　　　　　 C.lessons　　　　　　   D.programs

7.A.jump　　　　　　　　　　  B.play　　　　　　　　   C.run　　　　　　　　    D.shoot

8.A.duty　　　　　　　　　　   B.meeting　　　　　　  C.operation　　　　    D.training

9.A.necessary　　　　　　   B.boring &n
?

bsp;　　　　　　  C.scientific　　　　    D.practical

10.A.speaking　　　　　　   B.moving　　　　　　   C.sleeping　　　　　　  D.breathing

11.A.used　　　　　　　　　　 B.intended　　　　　　 C.made　　　　　　　　 D.described

12.A.till　　　　　　　　　　    B.since　　　　　　　　  C.before　　　　　　    D.because

13.A.full　　　　　　　　　　   B.tired　　　　　　　　   C.lazy　　　　　　　　   D.big

14.A.size　　　　　　　　　　  B.share　　　　　　　　  C.space　　　　　　　　 D.state

15.A.gave　　　　　　　　　　 B.kept　　　　　　　　   C.ended　　　　　　　　 D.picked

16.A.sad　　　　　　　　　　   B.shameful　　　　    C.silly　　　　　　　　   D.serious

17.A.received　　　　　　    B.suffered　　　　　　 C.brought　　　　　　  D.felt

18.A.reconsidered　　　　 B.rediscovered　　   C.re-formed　　　　   D.replaced

19.A.at　　　　　　　　　　　　 B.by　　　　　　　　　　  C.for　　　　　　　　　　 D.around

20.A.fell　　　　　　　　　　   B.stepped　　　　　　　　　　 C.slowed　　　　　　   D.calmed