In the United States，train transportation is unpopular compared with cars and airplanes．Most people like traveling by car or by air.
Officials of the United States Department of Transportation made a study in 2001．The study is about how many miles Americans traveled by different means of transportation．They only studied trips longer than 50 miles．The study showed that fifty-six percent of all miles were traveled in personal vehicle．Forty-one percent were traveled in an airplane．Two percent were traveled in a bus．And less than one percent of miles were traveled in a train.
Amtrak is the national provider of train transportation in the United States．In the past ten years，the number of its passengers has increased by eighteen percent．Although the number of passengers has increased，it is still very small now．In countries such as France，Germany，or Japan，more people use trains．
There are several reasons why many people __________________________．
Firstly，Americans love to drive their own cars．On highways，cars can travel as fast as trains．These highways connect all major cities in America．Secondly，many travelers like to be independent．When they use their own cars they can decide when to travel．Thirdly，many buses travel between major cities．Bus travel is less costly than train travel.
In a huge country like the United States，cities are far away from each other．In some cases，travel from one city to another by train may take more than a day．Airplanes can carry passengers over long distances much faster．People who do not want to spend long time traveling by train decide to fly．For these people saving time is the most important thing.
【小题1】What is the best title of the passage? （Please answer within 10 words.）
【小题2】Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?
It’s convenient for people to decide the start-off time when they travel in their own cars.
【小题3】Please fill in the blank in the fourth paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence.（Please answer within 10 words.）
【小题4】What means of transportation do you like best when traveling，trains，cars，or planes? Why? （Please answer within 30 words）
【小题5】Translate the underlined sentences in the last paragraph into Chinese.

In the United States, train transportation is unpopular compared with cars and airplanes. Most people like traveling by car or by air.
Officials of the United States Department of Transportation made a study in 2001. The study is about how many miles Americans traveled by different means of transportation. They only studied trips longer than 50 miles. The study showed that fifty-six percent of all miles were traveled in personal vehicle. Forty-one percent were traveled in an airplane. Two percent were traveled in a bus. And less than one percent of miles were traveled in a train.
Amtrak is the national provider of train transportation in the United States. In the past ten years, the number of its passengers has increased by eighteen percent. Although the number of passengers has increased, it is still very small now. In countries such as France, Germany, or Japan, more people use trains.
There are several reasons why many people __________________________.
Firstly, Americans love to drive their own cars. On highways, cars can travel as fast as trains. These highways connect all major cities in America.Secondly, many travelers like to be independent. When they use their own cars they can decide when to travel. Thirdly, many buses travel between major cities. Bus travel is less costly than train travel.
In a huge country like the United States, cities are far away from each other. In some cases, travel from one city to another by train may take more than a day. Airplanes can carry passengers over long distances much faster. People who do not want to spend long time traveling by train decide to fly. For these people saving time is the most important thing.

1. 1.

   What is the best title of the passage? (Please answer within 10 words.)

2. 2.

   Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?
   It’s convenient for people to decide the start-off time when they travel in their own cars.

3. 3.

   Please fill in the blank in the fourth paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence.( Please answer within 10 words.)

4. 4.

   What means of transportation do you like best when traveling, trains, cars, or planes? Why? (Please answer within 30 words)

5. 5.

   Translate the underlined sentences in the last paragraph into Chinese.

       In the early days of sea travel, seamen on long voyages lived exclusively on salted meat and biscuits. Many of them died of scurvy (坏血病), a disease of the blood which causes swollen gums, livid white spots on the flesh and general exhaustion. On one occasion, in 1535, an English ship arrived in Newfoundland with its crew desperately ill. The men??s lives were saved by Iroquois Indians who gave them vegetable leaves to eat. Gradually it came to be realized that scurvy was caused by some lack in the sailors?? diet and Captain Cook, on his long voyages of discovery to Australia and New Zealand, established the fact that scurvy could be warded off by the provision of fresh fruit for the sailors.

       Nowadays it is understood that a diet which contains nothing harmful may yet result in serious disease if certain important elements are missing. These elements are called “vitamins”. Quite a number of such substances are known and they are given letters to identify them, A, B, C, D, and so on. Different diseases are associated with deficiencies of particular vitamins. Even a slight lack of Vitamin C, for example, the vitamin most plentiful in fresh fruit and vegetables, is thought to increase significantly our susceptibility (敏感度) to colds and influenza.

The vitamins necessary for a healthy body are normally supplied by a good mixed diet, including a variety of fruit and green vegetables. It is only when people try to live on a very restricted diet, say during extended periods of religious fasting (斋戒), or when trying to lose weight, that it is necessary to make special provision to supply the missing vitamins.

51. Scurvy is a disease that is provoked by ____

     A. salted meat and biscuits              B. exhaustion

     C. want of some essential substances      D. lack of fresh vegetables and fruits

52. In the last sentence of Paragraph 1, “warded off” could probably be replaced by____.

     A. got rid of     B. killed     C. avoided     D. cleared away

53. To avoid such disease as scurvy, it??s better for us ____.

A. not to eat much salted meat

B. to supplement our diet with various vitamin pills

C. to have more fresh fruit and vegetables

D. to develop a good dietary habit

54. Based on the passage we can safely conclude that if our diet is not comprehensive enough ____.

A. vitamin pills are of no avail

B. nutritious food might be unhealthy

C. vegetable leaves can be a good remedy

D. religious fasting may help out a lot

55. Which of the following sentences best expresses the central ideal of the passage?

A. Deficiencies of Vitamin C may cause serious diseases.

     B. Fresh fruit and green vegetables contain enough nutrition that is necessary for a healthy body.

     C. Vitamins play a vitally important role in people??s health.

     D. A good mixed diet normally supplies sufficient vitamins for us.

In the past hundred years a million people have died in earthquakes，another million have been killed by hurricanes (飓风)and tornadoes(龙卷风)and 9 million have lost their lives in floods.In addition to this, many more millions have died as a result of hunger and disease.We should also not forget in many of the world’s countries drought(旱灾)and serious water shortage are a fact of life，especially in the African Shale area bordering(与……接壤)the Sahara Desert.

Scientists and engineers around the world have made great advances in earthquake engineering.It_is,_of_course，impossible_to_move_cities_such_as_Tokyo(东京)and_San_Francisco(旧金山)that_have_been_built_on_earthquake_belts(带)．But most often it is not the earthquake that kills people.It is the falling buildings，bridges and so on that cause deaths，and such a happening can be greatly reduced by better building programs.

Finally，perhaps we need to consider the natural disaster that we are causing for ourselves.Through our mismanagement of the planet’s resources(资源)we have sped up(加速)the dying out of hundreds of sorts of plants and animals，at the same time possibly destroying our own longterm surroundings for life.Maybe this is one_disaster that could be prevented if we are willing to act with a sense of responsibility(责任)．

1．What is the best title of the passage？(Please answer within 10 words.)

2．Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?

We should remember the fact that in many areas of the world people live a hard life because of drought and serious water shortage.

3．What does the underlined part in the last paragragh refer to？(Please answer within 10 words.)

4．In your opinion which of the disasters mentioned in the passage is the worst？Why？(Please answer within 30 words.)

5．Translate the underlined sentence in the second paragraph into Chinese.

In the past hundred years a million people have died in earthquakes，another million have been killed by hurricanes (飓风)and tornadoes(龙卷风)and 9 million have lost their lives in floods.In addition to this, many more millions have died as a result of hunger and disease.We should also not forget in many of the world’s countries drought(旱灾)and serious water shortage are a fact of life，especially in the African Shale area bordering(与……接壤)the Sahara Desert.

Scientists and engineers around the world have made great advances in earthquake engineering.It_is,_of_course，impossible_to_move_cities_such_as_Tokyo(东京)and_San_Francisco(旧金山)that_have_been_built_on_earthquake_belts(带)．But most often it is not the earthquake that kills people.It is the falling buildings，bridges and so on that cause deaths，and such a happening can be greatly reduced by better building programs.

Finally，perhaps we need to consider the natural disaster that we are causing for ourselves.Through our mismanagement of the planet’s resources(资源)we have sped up(加速)the dying out of hundreds of sorts of plants and animals，at the same time possibly destroying our own longterm surroundings for life.Maybe this is one_disaster that could be prevented if we are willing to act with a sense of responsibility(责任)．

1．What is the best title of the passage？(Please answer within 10 words.)

2．Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?

We should remember the fact that in many areas of the world people live a hard life because of drought and serious water shortage.

3．What does the underlined part in the last paragragh refer to？(Please answer within 10 words.)

4．In your opinion which of the disasters mentioned in the passage is the worst？Why？(Please answer within 30 words.)

5．Translate the underlined sentence in the second paragraph into Chinese.