Some years ago, a Miami woman walking through an office building noticed two men standing together. Several minutes after her leaving, the men murdered a person working in the building. The police determined that the woman was the only witness and could possibly describe them. However, her memory of the men proved disappointingly unclear. Several days later, psychologist Ronald Fisher was brought in to obtain a more complete account from the woman. His interview produced a breakthrough—the woman reported a clear picture of one of the suspects. The important information enabled the police to arrest the suspect and close the case.

The police asked Fisher for help because of his rich knowledge in cognitive interview, a kind of memory-rebuilding process. Memory researchers have found that people trying to remember a past event often only recall(回忆) part of the relevant information. Human memory is selective and it is often distorted by stress. But a person’s accurate recall of an event or understanding of a question can be improved using specific interviewing techniques. The “cognitive interview” was developed in the late 1990s. It encourages the witness to take an active role in recalling information rather than giving answers only to someone else’s questions. The witness first describes what happened in his or her own words, with no interviewer interruptions. The interviewer then goes further with specific techniques, such as having the witness tell the details of what happened from different perspectives (角度).

The cognitive interview focuses on guiding witnesses through four general recalling techniques: thinking about physical surroundings and personal feelings that existed at the time of past events; reporting everything that comes to mind about those events, no matter how broken it is; retelling events in a variety of time orders, such as from beginning to end, end to beginning, forward or backward; and adopting different perspectives while recalling events.

Experiments with police detectives trained in this demanding interview method find that they obtain nearly 50% more information from witnesses than before training, while error rates remain about the same. It is proved that cognitive interviews are quite important tools in improving the accuracy and completeness of witness testimony (证词). 

1.The purpose of the passage is to ______.

A. give an account of a murder case

B. introduce an idea of cognitive interview

C. prove Fisher was an expert in cognitive interview

D. help a witness to recall information in a cognitive interview

2.What is required to recall in a cognitive interview for a witness?

A. The exact time at which a murder took place.

B. The information about the event in the time order.

C. The important things that come to his or her mind.

D. The surroundings and feelings at the time of the event.

3.The key point in a cognitive interview is that ______.

A. the witness is encouraged to take part in recalling information

B. the interviewer should interrupt the witness from time to time

C. the interview should take place outside the police station

D. the witness should recall details at the scene of the event

One day Mary was busy working in her office in London when she received an E-mail from her friend Joan .In Joan’s e-mail, she persuaded Mary 1.______( look) for a flat in London for her. As she had 2._____ (little) money at her command than before, the flat had to be cheap, but it had to be modern, with elevators, gas lines. It had to be in the 3.______ (east) part of London, with petrol and subway stations nearby. Though Mary found 4.______difficult to find such a flat, she still went from one block to another, looking for a flat 5._______would meet Joan’s requirements. Having tried too many times, Mary came up 6.______her boss and politely asked him 7._____advice. It was the first time that she 8.___________ (talk) with his boss about her personal problems. It happened that the boss just had such a flat for rent, so they quickly reached 9.____agreement. But to her surprise, when she e-mailed Joan, telling her the good news, Joan said that she had changed 10.____ mind--- she was not returning to London.

阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑。

以下是为留英学生编写的系列留学指南的简介：

A. The number-one guide to what to study in the UK

This two-volume guide features up-to-date and in-depth information about UK course options and institutions. It also includes course charts, teaching and research ratings, and advice on choosing your course.

B. The A to Z of where to study in the UK

A reference directory of UK institutions belonging to the British Council’s Education Counselling

Service. Includes easy-to-use comparative data on everything from accommodation to courses and fees.

C. The essential online guide to UK education

This site gives you instant access to a wide range of information on studying and living in the UK, including hotlinks to the British Council’s Virtual Campus and institutions’ own web sites.

D. The practical guide to making the most of your UK experience

This fully updated book features the latest information about study opportunities, traveling to the UK, arranging accommodation, working in the UK, financial and legal matters, and student life.

E. New guide to choosing the right UK course

Every year, The Times newspaper compiles a league table of all the UK’s ninety-seven universities. This is published as The Good University Guide, which features over fifty tables ranking universities by degree subject.

F. The magazine that shows why so many international students choose to study in the UK

If you’ve enjoyed reading this magazine and want to keep up with the latest UK student news and views, place your order now for issues 3 and 4.

以下是留英指南图书或杂志的封面，请匹配封面与其对应的简介：

The _____ of news that a flood is coming is a staff working in the weather bureau.

   A. root         B. origin           C. source          D. resource

语法填空（每题1分，共10分）

One day Mary was busy working in her office in London when she received an E-mail from her friend Joan .In Joan’s e-mail, she persuaded Mary 1.______( look) for a flat in London for her. As she had 2.____ (little) money at her command than before, the flat had to be cheap, but it had to be modern, with elevators, gas lines. It had to be in the 3._______ (east) part of London, with petrol and subway stations nearby. Though Mary found 4._____difficult to find such a flat, she still went from one block to another, looking for a flat 5._______would meet Joan’s requirements. Having tried too many times, Mary came up 6.______her boss and politely asked him 7.____advice. It was the first time that she 8.___________ (talk) with his boss about her personal problems. It happened that the boss just had such a flat for rent, so they quickly reached 9.____agreement. But to her surprise, when she e-mailed Joan, telling her the good news, Joan said that she had changed 10._____ mind--- she was not returning to London.