摘要: A. weight B. money C. energy D. strength

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阅读理解

  In the United States.30 percent of the adult population has a“weight problem”.To many people, the cause is clear:We eat too much.But scientific evidence(科学证明)does little to support this idea.Going back to the America of 1910, we find that people were thinner than today, yet they ate more food.In those days people worked harder physically(体力地), walked more, used machines much less, and didn’t watch television.

  Several modern studies, moreover(此外), have shown that fatter people don’t eat more on average than thinner people.In fact, some investigations, such as a 1970 study of 3, 545 London office workers, report that, on balance, fat people eat less than slimmer(苗条)people.

  Studies show that slim people are more active than fat people.A study by a research group at Stanford University School of Medicine found the following interesting facts.

  The more the men ran the greater loss of body fat.

  The more they ran, the greater their increase in food intake(吸收).

  Thus those who ran the most ate the most, yet lost greatest amount of body fat.

(1)

What kind of physical problem do many adult Americans have?

[  ]

A.

They are too slim.

B.

They work too hard.

C.

They are too fat.

D.

They lose too much body fat.

(2)

Is there scientific evidence to support eating too much is the cause of a“weight problem”?

[  ]

A.

Yes, there is plenty of evidence.

B.

Of course, there is some evidence to show this is true.

C.

There is hardly any scientific evidence to support this.

D.

We don’t know because the information is not given.

(3)

In comparison(比较)with the adult American population today, the Americans of 1910 ________.

[  ]

A.

ate more food and had more physical activities

B.

ate less food but had more activities

C.

are less food and had less physical exercises

D.

had more weight problems

(4)

What have modern medical and scientific researches reported to us.

[  ]

A.

Fat people eat less food and are less active.

B.

Fat people eat more food than slim people and are more active.

C.

Fat people eat more food than slim people but are less active.

D.

Thin people run less, but have greater increase in food intake.

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阅读理解

  Find Which Direction Is South

  Do you have a good sense of direction?If not, please take with you a compassBut if you forget to take a compass, you can still find your way

  It’s never a good idea to imagine that the family member who was entrusted(委托)with the job of map-reading actually knows where the family isYou can tell by the slightly confused load on their faces that nothing on the ground seems to match the mapNever mindThe shu is shining and it’s still morningIf you don’t know the exact time, you can still find out where south is, but you’ll need to be patient

  ①Find a straight sick and put it in the ground in a place where you can mark its shadow

  ②Try to position the stick as vertically(垂直)as you canYou can check this by making a simple plumb line(铅锤线)with a piece of string and weightYou haven’t got any string?OK, use a thread from your clothes with a button tied at the end to act as a weight

  ③Mark the end of the shadow cast by the stick

  ④Wait approximately half an hour and mark the end of the shadow again

  ⑤Keep doing this until you have made several marks

  ⑥The mark nearest the stick will represent the shortest shadow, which is cast at midday, when the sun is highest in the sky and pointing to the exact south

  ⑦Pick a point in the distance along the line between the shortest shadow and the stick

  ⑧That point is south of where you are

  ⑨Now you can turn the map, like you did before, and find which way you should be travelling

(1)

To find the direction, we ought to be patient probably because

[  ]

A.

it is not easy to find a proper stick

B.

it is not easy to position the stick

C.

it takes hours to make the marks

D.

it takes about half an hour to make the marks

(2)

The passage would probably be most helpful to ________

[  ]

A.

those who draw maps

B.

those who get lost

C.

those who make compasses

D.

those who do experiments

(3)

Which of the following pictures best shows the way of finding the direction of south?

[  ]

A.

B.

C.

D.

(4)

The author presents this passage by ________

[  ]

A.

telling an interesting story

B.

describing an activity in a lively way

C.

testing an idea by reasoning

D.

introducing a practical method

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The government-run command post in Tunis is staffed around the clock by military personnel, meteorologists and civilians. On the wall are maps, crisscrossed with brightly colors arrows that painstakingly track the fearsome path of the enemy.

  What kind of invader gives rise to such high-level monitoring? Not man, not beast, but the lowly desert locust(蝗虫). In recent months, billions of the 3-inch-long winged warriors have descended on Algeria, Libya, Morocco and Tunisia, blackening the sky and eating up crops and vegetation. The insect invasion, the worst in 30 years, is already creating great destruction in the Middle East and is now treating southern Europe. The current crisis began in late 1985 near the Red Sea. Unusually rainy weather moistened the sands of the Sudan, making them ideal seedbed for the locust, which lays its eggs in the earth. The insect onslaught threatens to create yet another African famine. Each locust can eat its weight (not quite a tenth of an ounce) in vegetation every 24 hours. A good-size swarm of 50 billion insects eats up 100,000 tons of grass, trees and crops in a single night.

  All ﹩150 million may be needed this year. The U.S. has provided two spraying planes and about 50,000 gal. of pesticide. The European Community has donated ﹩3.8 million in aid and the Soviet Union, Canada, Japan and China have provided chemical-spraying aircraft to help wipe out the pests. But relief efforts are hampered by the relative mildness of approved pesticides, which quickly lose their deadly punch and require frequent replications. The most effective locust killer dieldrin has been linked to cancer and is banned by many Western countries and some of the affected African nations. More than 5 million acres have been dusted with locust-killing chemicals; another 5 million will be treated by the end of June.

  On May 30, representatives of Tunisia, Algeria, Libya, Morocco and Mauritania will meet in Algiers to discuss tactics to wipe out the ravenous swarms. The move is an important step, but whatever plan is devised, the locust plague promised to get worse before the insects can be brought under control.

1.The main idea of the first sentence in the passage is that ______.

  A. the command post is stationed with people all the time.

  B. the command post is crowded with people all the time.

  C. there are clocks around the command post.

  D. the clock in the command post is taken care of by the staff.

2.The favorable breeding ground for the locust is ______.

  A. rich soil.                               B. wet land

  C. paces covered crops and vegetation        D. the Red Sea

3.People are alert at the threat of the locust because ______.

  A. the insects are likely to create another African famine.

  B. the insects may blacken the sky.

  C. the number of the insects increases drastically.

  D. the insects are gathering and moving in great speed.

4.Which of the following is true?

  A. Once the pesticides are used, locust will die immediately.

  B. Relief efforts are proved most fruitful due to the effectiveness of certain pesticides.

  C. Dieldrin, the most effective locust killer, has been widely accepted in many countries.

  D. Over 10 million acres of affected area will have been treated with locust-killing chemicals by the end of June.

5. The purpose for affected nations to meet in Algiers on May 30 is ______.

  A. to devise anti-locust plans.

  B. to wipe out the swarms in two years.

  C. to call out for additional financial aid from other nations.

D. to bring the insects under control before the plague gets worse.

 

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Force other than damaging winds are also at work inside tornadoes. Sometimes, as the turning, jumping funnel(漏斗) passes over a house, the walls and ceiling burst apart as if a bomb had gone off inside. This explosion(爆炸) is caused by the low air pressure at the center of a tornado.
The pressure at the center of a tornado is usually 13 pounds per square inch. However, inside the house the air pressure is normal, about 15 pounds per square inch. The difference of 2 pounds per square inch between the inside and outside pressure may not seem like much. But suppose a tornado funnel passes over a small building that measures 20 by 10 by 10 feet. On each square inch of the building, there is 2 pounds of pressure from the inside that is not balanced by air pressure outside the building. On the ceiling, that adds up to an unbalanced pressure of 57,600 pounds. The pressure on the four walls adds up to 172,800 pounds.
If windows are open in the building, some of the inside air will rush out through them. This will balance the pressure inside and outside the building. But if the windows are shut tightly, the great inside pressure may cause the building to burst.
  Unfortunately, heavy rain happens in thunderstorms that later produce tornadoes. So, people often shut all windows to protect their property. This may cause far worse damage later.
63. Which of the following is the main topic of the passage?
A. Where tornadoes are formed.         B. When tornadoes usually occur.
C. How tornadoes can be prevented.       D. Why tornadoes cause so much damage.
64. According to the passage, tornadoes can destroy building because the _____.
A. force of a tornado increases the air pressure in a building
B. air pressure at the center of a tornado is over 172,000 pounds
C. weight of a tornado can crush a building’s roof when it passes overhead
D. air pressure inside a tornado is less than the air pressure inside a building
65. According to the passage, the pressure on a building during a tornado can be reduced    by _____.
A. closing the windows              B. opening the windows
C. using an electric fan               D. making the roof and walls stronger

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