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阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
Listening to music while you drive can improve your speed and ability to get away from accidents, according to Australian psychologists (心理学家)．But turning your car radio up to full volume could probably make you end up in an accident．The performance of difficult tasks can be affected if people are subjected to loud noise．The experience of pulling up at traffic lights alongside care with loud music made some psychologists in the University of Sydney look into whether loud music has something to do with driving．
The psychologists invited 60 men and women aged between 20 and 28 as subjects and tested them on almost the same driving tasks under three noise conditions: silence, rock music played at a gentle 55 decibels (分贝), and the same music at 85 decibels．
For l0 minutes the subjects sat in front of a screen operating a simple machine like a car．They had to track a moving disk on screen, respond to traffic signals changing color, and brake (刹车) in response to arrows that appeared without warning．
On the tracking task, there was no difference in performance under the three noise conditions．But under both the loud and quiet music conditions, the performers “braked” at a red light about 50 milliseconds sooner than they did when there was no rock music at all．That could mean a reduction in braking distance of a couple of meters actually, the difference between life and death for a pedestrian(行人)．
When it came to the arrows that appeared across the visual field, the psychologists found that when the music was quiet, people responded faster to objects in their central field of sight by about 50 milliseconds．For the people listening at 85 decibels．response times dropped by a further 50 milliseconds - a whole tenth of second faster than those “driving” with no music．
“But there’s a trade - off,” the psychologists told the European Congress of Psychology．“They lose the ability to look around the whole situation effectively．” In responding to objects that suddenly appeared, people subjected to 85-decibel rock music were around 100 milliseconds slower than both the other groups．Since some accidents - such as children running into the road -take place without any notice, drivers listening to loud music must be less safe as a result．
1．Which of the following is the best way to make driving safer?
[ ]
A．Loud music．
B．Quiet music．
C．Silence．
D．Heavy metal music．
2．What does the phrase “pulling up” in paragraph two mean?
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A．Stopping．
B．Giving somebody a lift．
C．Putting up with．
D．Driving．
3．Where did the researchers do the experiment?
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A．At crossroads．
B．At a police traffic station．
C．In a crowded street．
D．Under the same conditions as those of the streets．
4．Which of the following didn't help the performers to “brake” sooner at red lights?
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A．Silence．
B．Loud music．
C．Quiet music．
D．Rock music．
5．Which of the following is NOT true of loud music?
[ ]
A．It helped the performers to brake sooner at red lights．
B．lt helped the performers to be more careful．
C．It helped the performers to respond faster to objects suddenly stepping in the way．
D．It can do more good than harm to drivers．
查看习题详情和答案>>完形填空
We set in boat waiting for Ofai. He was 1 under water. There were many beautiful shells (贝壳) at the 2 . If he could find some and bring them up, he would 3 a lot of money. My uncle was with us. Suddenly I saw Ofai 4 his arms. I could see a large dark fish 5 under the water.
“A shark (鲨)!” cried my uncle .
The fish came 6 . Now we could see him 7 . He was of a yellow brown colour and as big as our boat. 8 could we do to help Ofai? He had been under water 9 than a minute. My uncle could 10 it no longer. He took his knife and jumped into the water. 11 he went after the man-eating fish. The shark was heading 12 for Ofai . Then suddenly, the fish 13 . My uncle's strong arm had sent the 14 deep into the side of the great fish. The water turned red as blood 15 from the shark.
Now Ofai had 16 to reach the top. At last he was safe in the boat.
But the fish was 17 . He turned to come at the man who had 18 him. As he swam to my uncle, he opened his great 19 . Again the knife went forward. This time it cut 20 into the shark's nose.
For a minute the shark lay 21 . Now Uncle Harry could swim to the 22 Ofai quickly pulled him into the boat.
It wasn't long 23 the shark came to life. He hit the boat with 24 a hard blow that the sides were 25 pushed in. We rowed as hard as possible and, finally we were safe on the seashore.
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完形填空
We set in boat waiting for Ofai. He was 1 under water. There were many beautiful shells (贝壳) at the 2 . If he could find some and bring them up, he would 3 a lot of money. My uncle was with us. Suddenly I saw Ofai 4 his arms. I could see a large dark fish 5 under the water.
“A shark (鲨)!” cried my uncle .
The fish came 6 . Now we could see him 7 . He was of a yellow brown colour and as big as our boat. 8 could we do to help Ofai? He had been under water 9 than a minute. My uncle could 10 it no longer. He took his knife and jumped into the water. 11 he went after the man-eating fish. The shark was heading 12 for Ofai . Then suddenly, the fish 13 . My uncle's strong arm had sent the 14 deep into the side of the great fish. The water turned red as blood 15 from the shark.
Now Ofai had 16 to reach the top. At last he was safe in the boat.
But the fish was 17 . He turned to come at the man who had 18 him. As he swam to my uncle, he opened his great 19 . Again the knife went forward. This time it cut 20 into the shark's nose.
For a minute the shark lay 21 . Now Uncle Harry could swim to the 22 Ofai quickly pulled him into the boat.
It wasn't long 23 the shark came to life. He hit the boat with 24 a hard blow that the sides were 25 pushed in. We rowed as hard as possible and, finally we were safe on the seashore.
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If you are afraid of the dark，it’s not a big deal．It’s perfectly normal to feel afraid After all，animals do too. “Fear matters，”says Karen Warkentin，an ecologist．“It’s a good thing，” she adds, “because fear makes you do things that keep you alive.”
Like kids，many animals experience fear and they respond to the feeling in variety of ways．A frightened turtle pulls its head and legs inside its shell．A small fish will swim away when a big，hungry fish approaches．
Some animals respond to fear in ways you might not expect．The first example is that the fear of being eaten can scare some frogs right out of their eggs. Warkentin made the surprising discovery while studying red—eyed tree frogs in Costa Rica.
In this species，female frogs attach jellylike clumps（果冻一样的块状物）of their eggs to the undersides of leaves．The leaves hang on branches that dangle（悬挂）over ponds．After they hatch from the eggs，the tadpoles（蝌蚪）then fall into the water，where they eventually grow into adult frogs.
Tree frog eggs usually grow for 6 days before hatching．If they sense that a hungry snake is about to attack，however，they can hatch up to 2 days ahead of schedule. As the snakes are unable to swim，by falling into the water early，the tadpoles can escape.
If hatching early helps protect red—eyed tree frogs from snakes，you might wonder why their eggs don’t always hatch sooner．It turns out that hatching early brings its own danger．Once tadpoles land in the water，hungry fish and other animals like to eat them too．Staying in their eggs for a full 6 days，then，allows frog embryos（胚胎）to grow big and strong．This extra growth improves their chances of surviving in the water．
- 1.
It can be inferred from the passage that fears
- A.help animals grow bigger and stronger
- B.are less common among young animals
- C.help animals move a lot to fit the environment
- D.are more or less important in order for animals to survive
- A.
- 2.
We are told in the passage that tree frogs .
- A.face danger both inside their eggs and in the water
- B.will grow fast if they fall into the water later
- C.are surprisingly clever when inside their eggs
- D.stay in their eggs longer if they are frightened
- A.
- 3.
Why do the tadpoles hatch up to 2 days ahead of the schedule？Because
- A.They like falling into the water early
- B.They want to grow into adult frog
- C.They sense a hungry snake is about to attack
- D.Frog embryos can grow strong
- A.
- 4.
What is the best title of the passage ？
- A.What is Fear
- B.Why do we feel afraid
- C.You feel afraid，animals do too
- D.Fear is a good thing
- A.
- 5.
What do you think would be discussed in the following paragraph?
- A.Further explanations as to why tree frogs hatch ahead of schedule．
- B.How the unborn frogs know when a snake is about to attack them．
- C.Another example of animals that responds to fear in an unexpected way．
- D.How tree frogs improve their chances of survival before falling into the water
- A.
If you are afraid of the dark，it’s not a big deal．It’s perfectly normal to feel afraid After all，animals do too. “Fear matters，”says Karen Warkentin，an ecologist．“It’s a good thing，” she adds, “because fear makes you do things that keep you alive.”
Like kids，many animals experience fear and they respond to the feeling in variety of ways．A
frightened turtle pulls its head and legs inside its shell．A small fish will swim away when a big，hungry fish approaches．
Some animals respond to fear in ways you might not expect．The first example is that the fear of being eaten can scare some frogs right out of their eggs. Warkentin made the surprising discovery while studying red—eyed tree frogs in Costa Rica.
In this species，female frogs attach jellylike clumps（果冻一样的块状物）of their eggs to the undersides of leaves．The leaves hang on branches that dangle（悬挂）over ponds．After they hatch from the eggs，the tadpoles（蝌蚪）then fall into the water，where they eventually grow into
adult frogs.
Tree frog eggs usually grow for 6 days before hatching．If they sense that a hungry snake is about to attack，however，they can hatch up to 2 days ahead of schedule. As the snakes are unable to swim，by falling into the water early，the tadpoles can escape.
If hatching early helps protect red—eyed tree frogs from snakes，you might wonder why their eggs don’t always hatch sooner．It turns out that hatching early brings its own danger．Once tadpoles land in the water，hungry fish and other animals like to eat them too．Staying in their eggs for a full 6 days，then，allows frog embryos（胚胎）to grow big and strong．This extra growth improves their chances of surviving in the water．
68．It can be inferred from the passage that fears______
A．help animals grow bigger and stronger
B．are less common among young animals
C．help animals move a lot to fit the environment
D．are more or less important in order for animals to survive
69．We are told in the passage that tree frogs______
A．face danger both inside their eggs and in the water
B．will grow fast if they fall into the water later
C．are surprisingly clever when inside their eggs
D．stay in their eggs longer if they are frightened
70．What do you think would be discussed in the following paragraph?
A．Further explanations as to why tree frogs hatch ahead of schedule．
B．How the unborn frogs know when a snake is about to attack them．
C．Another example of animals that responds to fear in an unexpected way．
D．How tree frogs improve their chances of survival before falling into the water.