When we walk through the city, we all experience a kind of information overload but we pay attention only to those that are important to us. We don't stop, we keep our faces expressionless and eyes straight ahead, and in doing so, we are not just protecting ourselves but are avoiding overloading other people as well.

We make use of stereotypes(刻板的模式)as convenient ways to make quick judgments about situations and people around us. They may not always be accurate(准确的), and they can often be dangerously wrong, but they are used regularly.

The problem with the stereotypes is that they restrict experience. By using limited clues to provide us with a rapid opinion of other people or places we may choose to limit our communication. We may decide not to go to certain places because we believe they will not offer something we enjoy.

In the city, styles of dress are particularly important with regard to self-presentation. Different groups often use clearly identifiable styles of clothes so that they can be easily recognized. It is becom-ing increasingly common for brand names to be placed on the outside of clothes, and this labeling makes it easy to send out information about fashion and price instantly, and lets others tell at a distance whether an individual has similar tastes and is a suitable person to associate with.

In England, where social grouping or class continues to make social distinctions (区分), clothes, hairstyles, people's pronunciation and the manner of speaking are all clues to our social group. Class distinctions tend to be relatively fixed, although in the city where greater variety is permitted, they are more likely to be secondary determining factors of friendship and association.

64. People walking in cities ignore(忽视) the surroundings because________.

A. the environment is already familiar to them

B. everyone else is expressionless

C. they do not wish to talk to other people

D. there is too much information to take in

65. According to the passage, the main disadvantage of using stereotypes is that they ________.

A. can rarely be relied on

B. may make us miss some pleasant experience

C. are likely to lead us into dangerous airports

D. make us mentally lazy

66. From the passage we may conclude that ________.

A. dressing can send messages about individuals

B. people are becoming more interested in fashion

C. stereotypes can help to understand people fully

D. stereotypes can do more good than harm to people

67. It would appear that in England, a person's class ________.

A. plays a more important role than it did in the past

B. is mainly determined by his pronunciation

C. might be less important in making friends in a city

D. is something that can be changed easily

Mobile phones should be banned from cars altogether, according to Dr Hole, senior lecturer in psychology, Dr Hole has emphasized the worrying combination of mobile phones and cars in his new book, The Psychology of Driving.
Mobile phones, fatigue(疲劳) , eyesight, drugs and age are among the issues considered by Dr Hole as he examines the factors that influence on driving. The book explores the role of each of these elements in increasing the chances of an accident and was inspired by the author's conversations with road safety experts across the country.
He says: “The government should have banned mobile phones in cars altogether. It has sent out the wrong message by forbidding hand-held phones because this gives the impression that hands-free phones are safe. The problem with mobile phones is not vehicular(车辆的) control and only having one hand on the wheel, but rather it is taking away attention from what is happening outside the car.”
Myths(荒诞的说法) about older people making worse drivers and claims(说法) about an improved reaction time among younger people are explored in the book. Questions about how drivers decide what to attend to while driving, the role of a driver's expectations in determining what they see and how they respond to the road are among the areas covered in the book. Satellite navigation systems and new design aimed at transforming cars into a mobile office, are among the modern developments which he says now compete for driver's attention behind the wheel.
Dr Hole says: “We need to be very careful about how we go about handling modern technology in cars, because we are opening a Pandora's Box. When anyone is driving there is a lot of information outside the car and if there is too much going on inside, then there is a danger of overloading the driver.”
1. Dr Hole’s strong belief that mobile phones should be banned from cars lies in __________.
A. the inconvenience of having only one hand on the wheel caused by mobile phones
B. the correct message of getting rid of hand-held phones sent out by the government
C. the increase of chances of accidents
D. the advice given by some road safety experts        
3. Which of the following is not included in his book?
A. Hand-free phones are safer than hand-held phones.
B. What drivers have to attend to while driving.
C. Whether older age and slower reaction is related.
D. Bad eyesight is one of the factors of causing an accident.                   
3. Which of the following is true?
A. Older people are better at preventing accidents.
B. Younger drivers’ reaction time is relatively shorter.
C. It is a myth that some old people can still drive.
D. A driver’s expectations are not covered in the book.
4. What can we know from the underlined sentence?
A. What is going on outside is of equal importance to what inside.
B. Modern developments call for drivers’ attention behind the wheel.
C. Satellite navigation systems require more cars as mobile offices.
D. Modern technology is responsible for the distraction (分心) of one’s attention while driving.

It has been ten years since the Labour Party came into ____ in that country.

     A. control       B. force        C. power       D. charge

I don’t think the competition is       failure, because it has offered us      valuable experience for the next competition.

完形填空(共20小题,每小题1.5分, 满分30分)
I’ll never forget May 12, 2008, we were having classes at Beichuan Middle School , Sichuan Province, when a huge  36  hit the area.
At about 2:28 p.m, our  37  , Mr.Wang, was teaching us singing on the fourth floor on the teaching building.  38   we felt the building shaking violently. It was an earthquake! Our building starting to  39  . It was too late to rush out to the  40  . We were told to hide under the desks.  41  later, the whole building fell down. We were  42  in ruins. We couldn’t move at all. No one could really imagine at that split second, how much pain we had  43 or how desperate(绝望的) we felt as we waited to be  44 . I heard Mr. Wang calling our names again and again… .
Hours later, some people came to rescue and  45 of us were saved.
Later, I  46 this huge earthquake scaled 8.0 magnitude. It hit several provinces, including Sichuan, Gansu and Shanxi. So far it has  47 more than 80,000 and injured 360,000. My hometown ----Beichuan was  48  the worst-hit areas. Our school , which was  49  filled with vigor(活力) and laughter, was a dead valley.
Words after such a  50 could appear nothing but empty and pointless. So many people’s lives were taken away, so much  51  was done and the whole city was  52  . Beichuan has become a history.
Now , some of my classmates and I were  53  to study in a middle school in Jiangsu Province. I still  54  dreaming and still strive for a better future: to make our homes beautiful yet  55  .
May victims rest in peace. May survivors live to be stronger.