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A report on a new software that enables eyes to do the typing appears in Wednesday’s edition of the journal Nature. Replacing a keyboard or mouse, eye-scanning-cameras mounted on computers have become necessary tools for people without limbs or those affected with paralysis. The camera tracks the movement of the eye, allowing users to “type” on a virtual keyboard as they look at the screen. And now, researchers from the Cavendish Laboratory at
The letters of the alphabet appear in a single column on the right of the screen, with an underline symbol to represent a space. Each letter is framed by a colored box. As the user looks at a particular letter on the right side of the screen and drags it to the left with their eye, another sub-alphabet column begins to emerge inside the box on the right-hand side, along with more letters framed in colored boxes. Dasher is designed to anticipate which letter will be needed, so although the successive sub-alphabet columns are initially very small, the letters or combination of letters that appear are most likely to be used next in that sequence. For example, if a person starts with the letter “h”, the language models in Dasher will bring up “a” “e” “i” “o” and “u” in the sub-alphabet box, along with a few other possible combinations like “ello” to form the word “hello”. Each box has a complete alphabet within it, though the first letters to appear have the highest probability of usage. The letters are then placed together to form a sentence on the left side of the screen.
Researchers say people will be able to write up to 25 words per minute with Dasher compared to on-screen keyboards, which they say average about 15 words per minute. With a bit of practice, MacKay said, Dasher offers an easier and more satisfying way for disabled people to communicate, providing them with better tools to write e-mail or create word processor files. Mackay said Dasher could work in most languages.
72. With the new software Dasher, people can type with their eyes through_____.
A. a computer screen with eye-scanning sensors
B. an eye-scanning camera on computer
C. a colored box attached to the computer
D. a regular keyboard with sensors
73. The new method of typing will most benefit those people who___________ .
A. have reading difficulties B are visually incompetent
C. are physically challenged. D. do not have a big vocabulary
74. The software Dasher_______________ .
A. is able to predict the next sequence of words the user is going to write
B. can form coherent sentences based on the first word typed in by the user
C. has to be used with eye-scanning cameras specially designed for the
software
D. does not allow the user to move a lot during the interaction
75. Which of the following is true about Dasher?
A. It can be used to write ten more words than on screen keyboard per minute.
B. It is easier to use than ordinary keyboards.
C. It can provide hints for possible sentences to be written.
D. It is an independent text processor.
查看习题详情和答案>>For many people today, reading is no longer relaxation. To keep up their work they must read letters, reports, trade publications, interoffice communications, not to mention newspapers and magazines: a never ending flood of words. In 11 a job or advancing in one, the ability to read and comprehend 12 can mean the difference between success and failure. Yet the unfortunate fact is that most of us are 13 readers. Most of us develop poor reading 14 at an early age, and never get over them. The main deficiency (不足) 15 in the actual stuff of language itself—words. Taken individually, words have 16 meaning until they are put together into phrases, sentences and paragraphs. 17 , however, the untrained reader does not read groups of words. He laboriously reads one word at a time, often regressing to 18 words or passages. Regression, the tendency to look back over 19 you have just read, is a common bad habit in reading. Another habit which 20 down the speed of reading is vocalization—sounding each word either orally or mentally as 21 reads.
To overcome these bad habits, some reading clinics use a device called an 22 , which moves a bar (or curtain) down the page at a predetermined speed. The bar is set at a slightly faster rate 23 the reader finds comfortable, in order to “stretch” him. The accelerator forces the reader to read fast, 24 word-by-word reading, regression and sub-vocalization, practically impossible. At first 25 is sacrificed for speed. But when you learn to read ideas and concepts, you will not only read faster, 26 your comprehension will improve. Many people have found 27 reading skill greatly improved after some training. 28 Charlie Au, a business manager, for instance, his reading rate was a reasonably good 172 words a minute 29 the training, now it is an excellent 1,378 words a minute. He is delighted that how he can 30 more reading material in a short period of time.
11. A. applying B. doing C. offering D. getting
12. A. easily B. quickly C. roughly D. decidedly
13. A. good B. curious C. urgent D. poor
14. A. habits B. training C. situations D. custom
15. A. lies B. combines C. touches D. involves
16. A. some B. little C. a lot D. dull
17. A. Fortunately B. In fact C. Logically D. Unfortunately
18. A. reuse B. rewrite C. reread D. recite
19. A. what B. which C. that D. if
20. A. scales B. cuts C. measures D. slows
21. A. some one B. he C. one D. reader
22. A. accelerator B. actor C. operator D. observer
23. A. then B. as C. beyond D. than
24. A. enabling B. making C. leading D. indicating
25. A. meaning B. theme C. comprehension D. regression
26. A. nor B. but C. or D. for
27. A. our B. your C. their D. such a
28. A. Look at B. Take C. Make D. Consider
29. A. before B. in C. after D. for
30. A. master B. go over C. get through D. present
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For many people today, reading is no longer relaxation. To keep up their work they must read letters, reports, trade publications, interoffice communications, not to mention newspapers and magazines: a never ending flood of words. In 11 a job or advancing in one, the ability to read and comprehend 12 can mean the difference between success and failure. Yet the unfortunate fact is that most of us are 13 readers. Most of us develop poor reading 14 at an early age, and never get over them. The main deficiency (不足) 15 in the actual stuff of language itself—words. Taken individually, words have 16 meaning until they are put together into phrases, sentences and paragraphs. 17 , however, the untrained reader does not read groups of words. He laboriously reads one word at a time, often regressing to 18 words or passages. Regression, the tendency to look back over 19 you have just read, is a common bad habit in reading. Another habit which 20 down the speed of reading is vocalization—sounding each word either orally or mentally as 21 reads.
To overcome these bad habits, some reading clinics use a device called an 22 , which moves a bar (or curtain) down the page at a predetermined speed. The bar is set at a slightly faster rate 23 the reader finds comfortable, in order to “stretch” him. The accelerator forces the reader to read fast, 24 word-by-word reading, regression and sub-vocalization, practically impossible. At first 25 is sacrificed for speed. But when you learn to read ideas and concepts, you will not only read faster, 26 your comprehension will improve. Many people have found 27 reading skill greatly improved after some training. 28 Charlie Au, a business manager, for instance, his reading rate was a reasonably good 172 words a minute 29 the training, now it is an excellent 1,378 words a minute. He is delighted that how he can 30 more reading material in a short period of time.
11. A. applying B. doing C. offering D. getting
12. A. easily B. quickly C. roughly D. decidedly
13. A. good B. curious C. urgent D. poor
14. A. habits B. training C. situations D. custom
15. A. lies B. combines C. touches D. involves
16. A. some B. little C. a lot D. dull
17. A. Fortunately B. In fact C. Logically D. Unfortunately
18. A. reuse B. rewrite C. reread D. recite
19. A. what B. which C. that D. if
20. A. scales B. cuts C. measures D. slows
21. A. some one B. he C. one D. reader
22. A. accelerator B. actor C. operator D. observer
23. A. then B. as C. beyond D. than
24. A. enabling B. making C. leading D. indicating
25. A. meaning B. theme C. comprehension D. regression
26. A. nor B. but C. or D. for
27. A. our B. your C. their D. such a
28. A. Look at B. Take C. Make D. Consider
29. A. before B. in C. after D. for
30. A. master B. go over C. get through D. present
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For many people today, reading is no longer relaxation. To keep up their work they must read letters, reports, trade publications, interoffice communications, not to mention newspapers and magazines: a never-ending flood of words. In 1 a job or advancing in one, the ability to read and comprehend 2 can mean the difference between success and failure. Yet the unfortunate fact is that most of us are 3 readers. Most of us develop poor reading 4 at an early age, and never get over them. The main deficiency（缺乏） 5 in the actual stuff of language itself — words. Taken individually, words have little meaning until they are strung together into phrases, sentences and paragraphs. 6 , however, the untrained reader does not read groups of words. He laboriously reads one word at a time, often regressing（退回） to 7 words or passages. Regression, the tendency to look back over what you have just read, is a common bad habit in reading. Another habit which 8 down the speed of reading is vocalization — sounding each word either orally or mentally as one reads.
To overcome these bad habits, some reading clinics use a device called an 9 , which moves a bar (or curtain) down the page at a predetermined（预先确定的） speed．The bar is set at a slightly faster rate 10 the reader finds comfortable, in order to “stretch” him. The device forces the reader to read fast, 11 word-by-word reading, regression and sub-vocalization（默读）practically impossible. At first 12 is sacrificed for speed．But when you learn to read ideas and concepts, you will not only read faster, but your understanding will 13 . Many people have found their reading skill greatly improved after some training. 14 Charlie Au, a business manager, for instance, his reading rate was a reasonably good 172 words a minute before the training, now it is an excellent 182 words a minute. He is delighted that how he can 15 through a lot more reading material in a short period of time.
1． A．applying B．doing C．offering D．getting
2． A．quickly B．easily C．roughly D．decidedly
3． A．good B．curious C．poor D．urgent
4． A．training B．habits C．situations D．custom
5． A．lies B．combines C．touches D．involves
6． A．Hopefully B．Actually C．Logically D．Unfortunately
7． A．reuse B．reread C．rewrite D．recite
8．A．scales B．cuts C．slows D．measures
9．A．accelerator B．actor C．loudspeaker D．observer
10．A．then B．as C．beyond D．than
11．A．having B．leading C．making D．indicating
12．A．meaning B．comprehension C．vocalization D．regression
13．A．arise B．reduce C．improve D．worsen
14．A．Like B．Take C．Make D．Consider
15．A．master B．make C．finish D．get
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Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
The Human Development Report, published annually since 1990, seeks to __50__ “human development” around the world and calculates a “Human Development Index” (HDI 人类发展指数) for 169 countries. The HDI is __51__ on average income, life expectancy, and level of education. __52__, rich countries tend to have higher HDIs than poor countries, but there are interesting __53__ in human development among countries with similar levels of economic development, because some have better health and education systems than others.
Almost every country in the world has a higher HDI than in 1990, despite the fact that since the 2008 financial crisis the total number of people living in extreme __54__ has increased. The report concludes that most people are healthier, live longer, are more __55__, — and that even in countries with severe economic problems, people’s health and education have generally __56__. Although sub-Saharan African countries are at the bottom of the pile __57__ human development, some of them have made significant progress since 1990. The report is __58__, however, of the fact that economic inequality has increased significantly in the last twenty years, both within and between countries.
The greatest threat to HDI in the future, according to the report, is climate change. The way to increase average income in a country is through economic growth, which means increased production and __59__. However, if this __60__ to greater emissions (排放) of greenhouse gases, as has always been the case in the past, global warming will probably go faster, causing severe environmental problems in some parts of the world that will __61__ the livelihoods of huge numbers of people. The progress of the last twenty years, __62__, might not be sustainable (可持续的).
The only solution, according to the report, is to break the __63__ between economic growth and greenhouse gas emissions — which, __64__ to say, is easier said than done.
50. A. judge B. investigate C. assess D. justify
51. A. based B. focused C. keen D. reflected
52. A. Unexpectedly B. Unwillingly C. Unfortunately D. Unsurprisingly
53. A. variations B. experiments C. signs D. mixtures
54. A. cruelty B. poverty C. emotion D. terror
55. A. talented B. disadvantaged C. determined D. educated
56. A. infected B. ignored C. improved D. impressed
57. A. to the extent of B. on account of C. for the sake of D. in terms of
58. A. critical B. proud C. fond D. independent
59. A. administration B. consumption C. application D. concentration
60. A. objects B. sticks C. leads D. turns
61. A. threaten B. maintain C. concern D. guarantee
62. A. therefore B. however C. otherwise D. nevertheless
63. A. gap B. record C. law D. link
64. A. fearless B. needless C. careless D. hopeless
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