阅读理解。

阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。

　　Human beings use a little less than half the water available(可利用的) worldwide. Yet occurrences (happen) of shortages and droughts(干旱) are causing hunger and poverty (poor) in some areas, and industrial and agricultural by products are polluting water supplies. Since the world's population is expected to double in the next 50 years, many experts think we are on the edge of a widespread water crisis(危机).

　　But that doesn't have to be the outcome. Water shortages do not have to trouble the world－if we start valuing water more than we have in the past. Just as we began to appreciate petroleum more after the 1970s oil crises, today we must start looking at water from a fresh economic view. We can no longer afford to consider water a actually free resource of which we can use as much as we like in any way we want.

　　Instead, far all uses except the domestic (home) demand of the poor, governments should price water to reflect its actual value. This means charging a fee for the water itself as well as for the supply costs.

　　Governments should also protect this resource by providing water in more economically and environmentally sound ways. For example, often the cheapest way to provide irrigation water in the dry tropics is through small scale projects, such as gathering rainfall in depressions(凹地) and pumping it to nearby cropland.

　　No matter what steps governments take to provide water more efficiently, they must change their legal approaches to water use. Rather than spread control among hundreds or even thousands of local, regional, and national agencies that watch various aspects of water use, countries should set up central organization to coordinate(协调) water policy.

1．What is the real cause of the possible water crisis?

[　　]

A．Only half of the world's water can be used.

B．The world population is increasing faster and faster.

C．Half of the world's water resources have been polluted.

D．People have not placed importance on water resources.

2．According to the author, the water price should ________.

[　　]

A．be reduced

B．meet the local people's demand

C．show its real value

D．be changed according to different situation

3．The author says that in some hot and dry areas it is advisable to ________.

[　　]

A．build big lakes to store water

B．build small and cheap irrigation systems

C．construct big pumping stations

D．channel water from nearby rivers to cropland

4．In order to make full use of the water supply, measures should be taken to ________.

[　　]

A．promise full protection of the environment

B．centralize the management of water resources

C．ask governments at all levels to be responsible

D．encourage local and regional of water resources

阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。

　　I find it pleasant to be alone the greater part of the time; to be in company, even with the best, is soon tiresome and wasteful, and I never found a companion so companionable as solitude(独处).

　　We are for the most part more lonely when we go abroad than when we stay in the meeting-rooms, for solitude is not measured by the miles of space between a man and his fellows.

　　The farmer, who can work alone all day without feeling lonesome, but must do something with others to get pleasure at night, wonders how the student can sit alone at night; he does not realize that the student, though in the house, is actually at work in his field and cutting his wood as the farmer was in his.

　　Society is commonly too cheap; We meet at very short intervals (间隔) , not having had time to get any new value for each other; we meet at meals three times a day and give each other a new taste of that unpleasant old cheese; we live thick and are in each other's way, and I think that we thus lose some respect for one another.

　　We have had to agree on a certain set of rules, called etiquette and politeness, to make this frequent meeting tolerable(可忍受的);certainly less frequency would be enough for all important and hearty communications between men.

　　It would be better if there were but one to live within a square mile, as where I live, for as the value of a man is not in his skin, we need not touch him.

1．The writer uses the example of the farmer and the student to show that ________ .

[　　]

A．men need to do something for pleasure after their work

B．men are not lonely when they are working

C．solitude is necessary for a student

D．people have different ideas of solitude

2．When the writer says “Society is commonly too cheap” he means that ________ .

[　　]

A．we meet not frequently enough so we don't understand each other well

B．we eat cheap food and live a simple life so we don't feel very happy

C．our lives are too regular for us to find any happiness in them

D．people don't have enough hearty communication to realize the value in others

3．The writer's opinion on the value of a man is that ________ .

[　　]

A．it is made too low by the rules of etiquette and politeness

B．it can be discovered through frequent physical touch

C．it can be found in a man's appearance

D．it doesn't lie in physical touch

4．The writer believes all but that ________ .

[　　]

A．a student and a farmer have no idea of solitude

B．the same life we live every day is the cause of man's loneliness

C．etiquette and politeness are rules that make frequent meetings tolerable

D．less frequent meetings can make us more clear about the value of men