单词拼写（共 10 小题；每小题 l 分，满分 10 分）

He has to take 2 part-time jobs during the weekends to s_________ his big family.

As friends, you should at first understand and r________ each other.

Only when one is put into prison will he realize the value of f________.

As the rules say, drivers shall r________ speed when they get close to a crossroad.

The earthquake made thousands of people in the country h________.

They communicate with each other entirely by g_________ as they are unable to speak.

With the a___________ of winter, the weather is getting colder and colder.

According to the weather forecast, a hurricane is l_______ to hit the city.

You should book a ticket in a_________ to make sure that you can get a good seat.

His best friend’s failure to keep his promise filled Jack with a________.

A. Attention must be paid to environmental factors.

B. Principles of curing cancers.

C. It will take long to find perfect cures.

D. An important discovery in the research.

E. The causative factor of cancer is very clear.

F. The survival rate differs among patients with various cancers.

1.___________

“I have great confidence that by the end of the decade we’ll know in vast detail how cancer cells arise,” says microbiologist Robert Weinberg, an expert on cancer. “But,” he cautions, “some people have the idea that once one understands the causes, the cure will rapidly follow. Consider Pasteur. He discovered the causes of many kinds of infections, but it was fifty or sixty years before cures were available. ”

2.____________

This year, 50 percent of the 910,000 people who suffer from cancer will survive at least five years. In the year 2020, the National Cancer Institute estimates, that figure will be 75 percent. For some skin cancers, the five-year survival rate is as high as 90 percent. But other survival statistics are still discouraging—13 percent for lung cancer, and 2 percent for cancer of the pancreas (胰腺) .

3.___________

With as many as 120 varieties in existence, discovering how cancer works is not easy. The researchers made great progress in the early 1970s, when they discovered that oncogenes, which are cancer-causing genes, are inactive in normal cells. Anything from universe rays to radiation to diet may activate an inactive gene, but how remains unknown. If several oncogenes are driven into action, the cell, unable to turn them off, becomes cancerous.

4.____________

The exact process involved is still mysterious, but the likelihood that many cancers are initiated at the level of genes suggests that we will never prevent all cancers. “Changes are a normal part of the evolutionary process,” says oncologist William Hayward. Environmental factors can never be totally eliminated; as Hayward points out, “We can’t prepare a medicine against universe rays.”

5.____________

The prospects for cure, though still distant, are brighter. “First, we need to understand how the normal cell controls itself. Second, we have to determine whether there are a limited number of genes in cells, which are always responsible for at least part of the trouble. If we can understand how cancer works, we can reduce its action. ”

下面文章中有5处需要添加小标题。请从以下选项（A、B、C、D、E和F）中选出符合各段意思的小标题。选项中有一项是多余选项。

A. Kripke’s Research Tool

B. Dangers of Habitual Shortages of Sleep

C. Classification of Sleep Problems

D. A Way of Overcoming Insomnia

E. Sleep Problems of Long and Short Sleepers

F. Oversleeping — Too Much of a Good Thing

1. ______

Although the dangers of too little sleep are widely known, new research suggests that people who sleep too much may also suffer the consequences.

2. ______

Investigators at the University of California in San Diego found that people who clock up 9 or 10 hours each weeknight appear to have more trouble falling and staying asleep, as well as a number of other sleep problems, than people who sleep 8 hours a night. People who slept only 7 hours each night also said they had more trouble falling asleep and feeling refreshed after a night’s sleep than 8-hour sleepers.

3. ______

Previous studies have shown the potential dangers of chronic(慢性的) shortages of sleep — for instance, one report demonstrated that people who habitually sleep less than 7 hours each night have a higher risk of dying within a fixed period than people who sleep more.

4. ______

For the current report, Kripke reviewed the responses of 1,004 adults to sleep questionnaires, in which participants indicated how mush they slept during the week and whether they experienced any sleep problems. Sleep problems included waking in the middle of the night, arising early in the morning and being unable to fall back to sleep, and having tiredness interfere with day-to-day functioning.

5. ______

Kripke found that people who slept between 9 and 10 hours each night were more likely to report experiencing each sleep problem than people who slept 8 hours. In an interview, Kripke noted that long sleepers may struggle to get rest at night simply because they spend too much time in bed. As evidence, he added that one way to help insomnia is to spend less time in bed. “It stands to reason that if a person spends too long a time in bed, then they’ll spend a higher percentage of time awake,” he said.

1. He has to take 2 part-time jobs during the weekends to s_________ his big family.

2. As friends, you should at first understand and r________ each other.

3. Only when one is put into prison will he realize the value of f________.

4. As the rules say, drivers shall r________ speed when they get close to a crossroad.

5. The earthquake made thousands of people in the country h________.

6. They communicate with each other entirely by g_________ as they are unable to speak.

7. With the a___________ of winter, the weather is getting colder and colder.

8. According to the weather forecast, a hurricane is l_______ to hit the city.

9. You should book a ticket in a_________ to make sure that you can get a good seat.

10. His best friend’s failure to keep his promise filled Jack with a________.

D
Taste is suc．h a subjective matter that we dori't usually conduct preference tests for food． The most you can say about anyone's preference is that it's one person's opinion．But because the two bigcola companies-Coca-Cola and Pepsi Cola-are marketed so aggressively, we've wondered how big arole taste-preference actually plays in brand loyalty．We set up a taste test that challenged people who identified themselves as either Coca-cola or Pepsi fans: Find your brand in a blind tasting．
we inwited staff wolunteers who had a strong liking for either Coca-Cola Classic or Pepsi, Diet Coke．or Diet Pepsi．These were people who thought they'd have no trouble telling their brand from the oLher brancl．
We eventuallv located 19 regular cola drinkers and 27 diet cola drinkers．Then we fed them with four unidentified samples of cola one at a time, regular colas for the one group, diet versions for the other．rOVe asked them to tell us whether each sample wa．s Coke or Pepsi; then we analyzed the records statistically to compare the participants' choices \~-ith what mere guesswork could have accom-plished．
Getting all four samples right was a tough test, biit not too tough, we thought, for people whobelieved they could recognize their brand． In the end, only 7 0ut of 19 regular cola drinkers correct-ly identified their brand of choice in all four trial．s． The diet-cola drinkers did a little worse-only 7 out of 27 identified all four samples correctly．
Both groups did better than chance would predict, but nearly half the participants in each group made the wrong choice two or more times．Two people got all'four samples vrrong． Overall, hal．f theparticipants did about as well on the last round of tasting as on the first, so tiredness, or taste burn-out, was not a factor． Our preference test results suggest that only a few Pepsi participants and Coke fans may really be able to tell their favorite brand by taste and price．
71．According to the passage the preference test was conducted in order to______
A．show that a person's opinion about taste is mere guesswork
B．compare the ability of the participants in choosing their drinks
C．find out the role taste preference plays in a person's drinking
D．reveal which cola is more to the liking of the dr-inkcrs
72．The statistics recorded in the preference tests show that         
A．there is not much difference in taste between Coca-Cola and Pepsi
B．few people had trouble telling Coca-Cola from Pepsi
C．people's tastes differ from one another
D．Coca-Cola and Pepsi are people's two most favorite drinks
73．It is implied in the first paragraph that______
A．the competition between the two colas is very strong
B．blind tasting is necessary for identifying fans
C．the purpose of taste test is to promote the sale of colas
D．the improvement of quality is the chief concern of the two cola companies
74．The underlined word "bumout" here refers to the state of          ．
A．being seriously bumt in the skin
B．being badly damaged by fire
C．being unable to bum for lack of fuel
D．being unable to function because of too much use
75．The author's purpose in writing this passage is to           ．
A．emphasize that taste and price are closely related to each other
B．recommend that blind tasting be introduced in the quality control'of colas
C．show that taste preference is highly subjective
D．argue that taste testing is an important marketing strategy