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What is the nature of the scientific attitude, the attitude of the man or woman who studies and applies physics, biology, chemistry, geology, engineering, medicine or any other science?
We all know that science plays an important role in our societies. However, many people believe that our progress depends on two different aspects of science. The first aspect is the application of the machines, products and systems of knowledge that scientists and technologists develop. The second is the application of the special methods of thought and action that scientists use in their work.
What are these special methods of thinking and acting? First of all, it seems that a successful scientist is curious - he wants to find out how and why the universe works. He usually pays attention to problems which he notices have no satisfying explanation, and looks for relationships even if the data available seem to be unconnected. Moreover, he thinks he can improve the existing conditions and enjoys trying to solve the problems which this involves.
He is a good observer, accurate, patient and objective and uses the facts he observes to the fullest. For example, trained observers obtain a very large amount of information about a star mainly from the accurate analysis of the simple lines that appear in a spectrum(光谱).
He does not accept statements which are not based on the most complete evidence available. He rejects authority as the only basis for truth. Scientists always check statements and make experiments carefully and objectively.
Furthermore, he does not readily accept his own idea, since he knows that man is the least reliable of scientific instruments and that a number of factors tend to disturb objective investigation.
Lastly, he is full of imagination since he often has to look for relationships in data which are not only complex but also frequently incomplete. Furthermore, he needs imagination if he wants to guess how processes work and how events take place.
These seem to be some of the ways in which a successful scientist or technologist thinks and acts.
1.Many people believe that science helps society to progress through_________
A.knowledge only. B.more than one aspect.
C.technology only. D.the use of machines.
2.Which of the following statements about a curious scientist is TRUE?
A.He doesn’t find confidence and pleasure in work.
B.He is interested in problems that are explained.
C.He makes efforts to investigate potential connections.
D.He looks for new ways of acting.
3.According to the passage, a successful scientist would NOT_______________.
A.easily believe in unchecked statements.
B.easily criticize others' research work.
C.always use his imagination in work.
D.always use evidence from observation.
4.Which word can be used to describe the data that a good scientist uses?
A.complete B.objective C.complicated D.accurate
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He is a good cook at home and takes good care of the children, and _____his wife.
A.so does B. so is C.the same is true with D.so it is with
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八、根据汉语完成句子(每空0.5分,共10分)
1. She________ ______ __________ when she saw Xiao Shenyang’s performance on the stage.
(忍不住大笑起来)
2. I’m sure your suggestion will _______ ______ __________the problem.(有助于解决)
3. She and her brother are twins, but she _______ ________ him in the color of eyes.(不同于)
4. He sometimes makes mistakes, but ______ _____ _______, he is a good student. (整体看来)
5. He saved a lot for the company; the company gave him a flat ______ _____.(作为回报)
6. ___ _____ ____ the Americans who died in the attack, a national memorial was built. (为了纪念)
7. The party began to ________ _________ after that program.(热闹起来)
8. All living things ________ _______ the sun for their growth. (依靠)
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61. Dear Molly,
I have a problem. My parents are always talking to me about studying. They want me to study harder so I can go to a good school. I know studying is very important, but my parents put too much pressure on me. How can I explain to my parents that I need some free time?
------ Overworked
62. Dear Molly,
My best friend Tony is a nice young man, but he has a bad habit. He is always late. No matter where he is going to what he is doing, he is never on time. Once he turned up thirty minutes late for a meeting! What can I do to break him of this bad habit?
------ Worried
63. Dear Molly,
I have a new roommate named Louis. He is a good friend of mine, but he is driving me crazy because he is very untidy. He leaves his dirty clothes everywhere, and he never makes his bed. I am extremely neat. What can I do?
----Unhappy
64. Dear Molly,
My cousin plays computer games a lot and he keeps on talking to me about various games. I don’t have any interest at all, but I find it difficult to stop him without hurting his feelings. Would you kindly give me some advice?
--- Shy
65. Dear Molly,
I’m feeling upset these days because the result of my last English exam was not as good as I had expected. My teacher comforted me, saying “Don’t worry. You can do better next time.” But I’m still feeling bad. I need your help.
----Disappointed
A
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B
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C.
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单句改错: (共10分)
下面每句中都有一处错误,错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏词符号(∧),并在此符号下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
1. The song reminded me of the days when we spent together several years ago.
2. He thought she would keep her words.
3. They have married for 20 years.
4. I promised that I will do my best.
5. I don’t doubt if he is a good teacher.
6. I found difficult to follow my teacher in the first English class.
7. I used to get up early, but now I am used to sleep until 11 am.
8. The earth was still just a cloud of dust for several billions years after the “Big bang”.
9. He couldn’t have his friend getting away with tell people lies!
10. People love to get together to eat, drink and have a fun with each other.
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