Passage Thirteen (The Neutrality of American in the Early World War II)
The establishment of the Third Reich influenced events in American history by starting a chain of events which culminated in war between Germany and the United States. The compete destruction of democracy, the persecution of Jews, the war on religion, the cruelty and barbarism of the Nazis, and especially the plans of Germany and her allies, Italy and Japan, for world conquest caused great indignation in this country and brought on fear of another world war. While speaking out against Hitler’s atrocities, the American people generally favored isolationist policies and neutrality. The Neutrality Acts of 1935 and 1936 prohibited trade with any belligerents or loans to them. In 1937 the President was empowered to declare an arms embargo in wars between nations at his discretion.
American opinion began to change somewhat after President Roosevelt’s “quarantine the aggressor” speech at Chicago (1937) in which he severely criticized Hitler’s policies. Germany’s seizure of Austria and the Munich Pact for the partition of Czechoslovakia (1938) also aroused the American people. The conquest of Czechoslovakia in March, 1939 was another rude awakening to the menace of the Third Reich. In August,1939 came the shock of the Nazi-soviet Pact and in September the attack on Poland and the outbreak of European war. The United States attempted to maintain neutrality in spite of sympathy for the democracies arrayed against the Third Reich. The Neutrality Act of 1939 repealed the arms embargo and permitted “cash and carry” exports of arms to belligerent nations. A strong national defense program was begun. A draft act was passed (1940) to strengthen the military services. A Lend Act (1941) authorized the President to sell, exchange, or lend materials to any country deemed necessary by him for the defense of the United States. Help was given to Britain by exchanging certain overage destroyers for the right to establish American bases in British territory in the Western Hemisphere. In August, 1940 President Roosevelt and Prime Minister Churchill met and issued the Atlantic Charter which proclaimed the kind of a world which should be established after the war. In December, 1941, Japan launched the unprovoked attack on the United States at Pearl Harbor. Immediately thereafter, Germany declared war on the United States.
1.One item occurring before 1937 that the author does not mention in his list of actions that alienated the American public was
A.the burning of the Reichstag.
B.German plans for conquest.
C.Nazi barbarism.
D.the persecution of religious groups.
2.The Lend-Lease Act was designed to
A.help the British.
B.strengthen the national defense of the United States.
C.promote the Atlantic Charter.
D.avenge Pearl Harbor.
3.American Policy during the years 1935-1936 may be described as being
A.watchful.
B.isolationist.
C.peaceful.
D.indifferent.
4.The Neutrality Act of 1939
A.permitted the selling of arms to belligerent nations.
B.antagonized Japan.
C.permitted the British to trade only with the Allies.
D.led to Lend-Lease Act.
5.We entered the war against Germany
A.because Germany declared war.
B.because Japan was an ally of Germany.
C.after Germany had signed the Nazi-soviet Pact.
D.after peaceful efforts had failed.

ABORIGINAL is a term used to describe the people and animals that lived in a place from the earliest known times or before Europeans arrived. Examples are the Maori in New Zealand, the Aborigines in Australia and the Indians in America. They all share the fact that they were pushed off their land by European settlers.

Maori

The Maori were the first people to go to New Zealand, about 1,000 years ago. They came from the islands of Polynesia in the Pacific. They brought dogs, rats and plants with them and settled mainly on the Northern Island. In 1769, Captain James Cook from Britain took possession of the Island and from that time British people started to settle. The Maori signed an agreement on land rights with these settlers, but in later years there were arguments and battles between them.

Aborigines

The native people of Australia came from somewhere in Asia more than 40,000 years ago. They lived by hunting and gathering. Their contact with British settlers began in 1788. By the 1940s almost all of them were mixed into Australian society as low-paid workers. Their rights were limited. In 1976 and 1993 the Australian Government passed laws that returned some land to the Aborigines and recognized their property rights.

American Indians

Long before the Europeans came to America in the 16th and 17th century, the American Indians, or Native Americans, lived there. It is believed that they came from Asia. Christopher Columbus mistook the land for India and so called the people there Indians. The white settlers and American Indians lived in peace at the beginning, but conflicts finally arose and led to the Indian Wars (1866-1890). After the wars, the Indians were driven to the west of the country. Not until 1924 did they gain the right to vote.

1.The similarity among Maoris, Aborigines and American Indians is that _________.

A．they lost their vote right after European settlers’ arrival

B．they lost their land after European settlers’ arrival

C．they were driven out of their country after European settlers’ arrival

D．they were not treated as citizens until recently

2.Before European settlers arrived, we can infer that the Aboriginals had lived _________ life.

A．a miserable        B．a bitter           C．a peaceful         D．a troublesome

3.Which of the following was first interrupted by the Europeans?

A．Maoris.           B．Aborigines.        C．American Indians.   D．Not mentioned.

4.The passage mainly tells us _______.

A．the war between aboriginal people and white settlers

B．the history of Maoris, Aborigines and American Indians

C．the present unfair treatment to aboriginal people of the world

D．European settlers were the enemy of all aboriginal people

James shook his money box again. Nothing! He carefully  36  the coins that lay on the bed. $24.52 was all that he had. The bicycle he wanted was $90!  37  on earth was he going to get the  38  of the money? He knew that his friends all had bicycles. It was  39  to hang around with people when you were the only one without wheels. He thought about what he could do. There was no  40  to ask his parents, for he knew they had no money to  41 . There was only one way to get money, and that was to  42  it. He would have to find a job.  43  who would hire him and what could he do? He decided to ask Mr Clay for advice, who usually had _44 in most things. "Well, you can start right here," said Mr Clay. "My windows need cleaning and my car needs washing." That was the  45  of James’s odd-job (零工) business. For three months he worked every day after finishing his homework. He was surprised by the  46  jobs that people found for him to do. He took dogs and babies for walks, cleared out cupboards, and mended books. He lost count of the  47  of cars he washed and windows he cleaned, but the  48  increased and he knew that he would soon have  49  for the bicycle he was dying for. The day  50  came when James counted his money and found $94.32. He  51  no time and went down to the shop to pick up the bicycle he wanted. He rode  52  home, looking forward to showing his new bicycle to his friends. It had been hard  53  for the money, but James knew that he valued his bicycle far more  54  he had bought it with his own money. He had  55  what he thought was impossible, and that was worth even more than the bicycle.

James shook his money box again. Nothing! He carefully   36  the coins that lay on the bed. $24.52 was all that he had. The bicycle he wanted was $90!  37   on earth was he going to get the   38  of the money? He knew that his friends all had bicycles. It was   39  to hang around with people when you were the only one without wheels. He thought about what he could do. There was no   40   to ask his parents, for he knew they had no money to  41  . There was only one way to get money, and that was to   42   it. He would have to find a job.  43   who would hire him and what could he do? He decided to ask Mr Clay for advice, who usually had    __44  in most things. "Well, you can start right here," said Mr Clay. "My windows need cleaning and my car needs washing." That was the  45  of James’s odd-job (零工) business. For three months he worked every day after finishing his homework. He was surprised by the  46   jobs that people found for him to do. He took dogs and babies for walks, cleared out cupboards, and mended books. He lost count of the   47  of cars he washed and windows he cleaned, but the  48  increased and he knew that he would soon have  49  for the bicycle he was dying for. The day   50   came when James counted his money and found $94.32. He   51  no time and went down to the shop to pick up the bicycle he wanted. He rode   52   home, looking forward to showing his new bicycle to his friends. It had been hard   53  for the money, but James knew that he valued (重视) his bicycle far more 54   he had bought it with his own money. He had   55  what he thought was impossible, and that was worth even more than the bicycle.

1.A. cleaned                 B. covered            C. counted                          D. checked

2. A. How                    B. Why                C. Who                              D. What

3.A. amount                 B. part                  C. sum                               D. rest

4.A. brave                   B. hard                  C. smart                                    D. unfair

5.A. need                     B. reason              C. result                                    D. right

6.A. separate                B. spend               C. spare                              D. save

7.A. borrow              B. earn              C. raise                               D. collect

8.A. Or                       B. So                   C. For                                D. But

9.A. decisions              B. experience               C. opinions                         D. knowledge

10.A. beginning           B. introduction      C. requirement                    D. opening

11.A. similar                B. ashamed           C. peaceful                         D. various

12.A. brand                 B. number            C. size                                D. type

13.A. effort                 B. pressure            C. money                            D. trouble

14.A. all                             B. enough             C. much                             D. some

15.A. finally                B. instantly           C. normally                        D. regularly

16.A. gave                   B. left                  C. took                               D. wasted

17.A. patiently                    B. proudly            C. silently                           D. tiredly

18.A. applying                  B. asking              C. looking                          D. working

19.A. since                  B. if                     C. than                               D. though

20.A. deserved             B. studied             C. achieved                         D. learned

完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该将涂黑。

It was the night of the full moon,a time which always drives Java’s young people mad with excitement.

Fireworks were lit long before the moon_  36  .The big noise brought people out   37   

the warm night to enjoy the interesting scene.Everywhere,there were the paper remains of   38   

fireworks lying on the ground.Little boys  39__ more and covered their ears as they waited    40     

for the explosions.

The moon appeared above the horizon(地平线):huge,   41    ball high above the city,and the  42__ filled with people,as Java began to enjoy one of the year’s greatest     43     :‘the Night of the Full Moon’,a festival(节日)that is especially popular   44   young people.

More and more young Javanese  45  together and walked slowly through the  46   . Joking and chatting,they moved towards the mountain   47   the city.They continued to climb   48   they reached the old temple(寺庙)at the   49   of the mountain.

After they were   50   the temple,they drank their water and ate their moon-cakes—delicious home-made ones,   51   of dried fruit and nuts.Outside,on the mountain,young people

    52   cross-legged in circles,chatting and telling each other jokes.And   53   ,in their hundreds,more young people continued to make their way up the mountain to   54   the brightly shining moon.

By midnight,the fireworks had stopped shooting up from the   55   city in the valley below them.But during the night,the sound continued to be heard from the distance.

36.A.let out                  B.gave out                    C.came out                   D.set out

37.A.into                      B.at                             C.of                             D.from

38.A.burning                B.used                          C.exploding                  D.broken

39.A.lit                        B.bought                      C.piled                         D.removed

40.A.patiently               B.calmly                      C.worriedly                  D.excitedly

41.A.silver                   B.new                          C.colorful                     D.gold

42.A.mountains             B.valleys                      C.streets                       D.shops

43.A.games                  B.meetings                   C.sports                        D.events

44.A.for                       B.to                             C.with                          D.in

45.A.danced                 B.gathered                    C.drank                        D.shouted

46.A.village                  B.scene                        C.night                         D.ground

47.A.on the edge of                                                 B.on the way to

C.in the center of                                             D.in the direction of

48.A.while                   B.until                         C.unless                       D.though

49.A.tip                       B.back                         C.top                           D.bottom

50.A.inside                   B.near                          C.off                            D.across

51.A.fond                     B.little                         C.full                           D.free

52.A.jumped                 B.sat                            C.stood                        D.bent

53.A.so                        B.even                         C.yet                            D.still

54.A.follow                  B.show                         C.notice                       D.admire

55.A.clean                    B.gray                          C.peaceful                    D.empty