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阅读理解

　　A few degrees can make a big difference when it comes to food storage．Foods can go bad if they get too warm．But for many of the world's poor, finding a good way to keep food cool is difficult．Refrigerators are costly and they need electricity．

　　Yet spoiled food not only creates health risks but also makes economic losses．Farmers lose money when they have to throw away products that they cannot sell quickly．

　　But in 1995 a teacher in northern Nigeria named Mohammed Bah Abba found a solution．He developed the“Pot-in-Pot Preservation/Cooling System．”It uses two round containers made of clay．A smaller pot is placed inside a larger one．

　　The space between the two pots is filled with wet sand．The inner pot can be filled with fruit, vegetables or drinks．A wet cloth covers the whole cooling system．

　　Food stored in the smaller pot is kept from spoiling through a simple evaporation process．Water in the sand between the two pots evaporates through the surface of the larger pot, where drier outside air is moving．

　　The evaporation process creates a drop in temperature of several degrees．This cools the inner pot and helps keep food safe from harmful bacteria．Some foods can be kept fresh this way for several weeks．

　　People throughout Nigeria began using the invention．And it became popular with farmers in other African countries．Mohammed Bah Abba personally financed the first five thousand pot-in-pot systems for his own community and five villages nearby．

　　In two thousand, the Rolex Watch Company of Switzerland honored him with the Rolex Award for Enterprise．This award recognizes people trying to develop projects aimed at improving human knowledge and well-being．

　　A committee considers projects in science and medicine, technology, exploration and discovery, the environment and cultural history．Winners receive financial assistance to help develop and extend their projects．

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阅读理解

　　Earth Day is celebrated every year on April 22nd．Take some time to find out about how one man, who was determined to change the way we treated our planet, didn't stop until he had made a difference．

　　In 1963, Senator Gaylord Nelson wasn't happy with the earth's condition．He wanted to clean up the planet, solve pollution and environmental problems．A senator(参议员)is someone US citizens choose to help make laws, so Gaylord had a lot of power．He went to John F．Kennedy, the President at the time, with his ideas．The President agreed that the planets’ environment was a serious issue, so President Kennedy went around the country on a five-day tour to promote the idea of cleaning up the planet．People began making small changes but it wasn't enough．

　　A few years later, Senator Nelson decided to put one day aside every year for the cause of saving the planet．On April 22, 1970, the first Earth day was celebrated．More than 20 million people took part in Earth Day activities in 1970．Since them, Earth Day has become an international holiday．People all over the world are doing something to make the earth a cleaner, better place．

　　A rock band named Dramarama wrote a song about Earth Day in 1993 called What are We Gonna Do．Encouraging your family to recycle on a regular basis is a good way to help the earth．

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