摘要:循环 16.欢乐,喜悦

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Educating girls quite possibly harvests a higher rate of benefit than any other investment available in the developing world. Women’s education may be an unusual field for economists, but increasing women’s contribution to development is actually as much an economic as a social issue. And economics, with its focus on rewards, provides an explanation for why so many girls are deprived of(剥夺)an education.

Parents in low-income countries fail to invest in their daughters because they do not expect them to make an economic contribution to the family: girls grow up only to marry into somebody else’s family and bear children. Girls are thus seen as less valuable than boys and are kept at home to do housework while their brothers are sent to school — the predict becomes self-ffulfilling, trapping women in a vicious circle (恶性循环) of neglect.

An educated mother, on the other hand, has greater earning abilities outside the home and faces an entirely different set of choices. She is likely to have fewer but healthier children and can insist on the development of all her children, ensuring that her daughters and sons are given fair chances. The education of her daughters then makes it much more likely that the next generation of girls, as well as of boys, will be educated and healthy. The vicious circle is thus transformed into a virtuous circle(良性循环).

Few will argue that educating women has great social benefits. But it has enormous economic advantages as well. Most obviously, there is the direct effect of education on the wages of female workers. Wages rise by 10 to 20 per cent for each additional year of schooling. Such big returns are impressive by the standard of other available investments, but they are just the beginning. Educating women also has a significant impact on health practices, including family planning.

Topic: The significance of  80  in developing countries

Viewpoint

Educating girls is more  81  than any other investment.

From low-income families

From educated mothers’ families

Attitudes

Girls are of  82   than boys.

Development should be for  83 .

Practices

●There is  84  investment in daughters.

●Girls are made to stay at home,  85 housework.

Girls and boys are sure to have  86 .

Consequences

A vicious circle

 87 

 88 

Educating girls contributes to social benefits,  89  and health practices, including family planning.

Educating girls in developing countries is important and rewarding.

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Here in Alaska, the wolf almost disappeared a few years ago, because hunters were killing hundreds of them for sport.  1   , laws were passed to protect the wolves from  2  and people who catch the animals for their  3  . So the wolf population has greatly  4  . Now there are so many wolves that they are  5  their own food  6   .

A wolf naturally lives on animals in the  7   family. People there also hunt deer for   8  . Many of the animals have been  9  by the very cold winters recently and by changes in the  10 life there. When the deer can’t find   11  food, they die.

If the wolves   12  to kill large numbers of deer. The deer will  13  some day. And the wolves, too. So we must  14  the cycle(循环)of life there. If we killed more wolves, we would 15  them from starving. We also save deer and some   16  animals. 

In another northern state, wolves attack(攻击)  17  and chickens for food. Farmers  18  the United States government to send a team of   19  to study the problem. They believe it is  20  to kill wolves in some areas and to protect them in places where there is a small population.

1. A. But                   B. Although

C. However                  D. So

2. A. farmers                B. sportsmen

C. soldiers                  D. officers

3. A. skin                    B. wool

C. meat                    D. fur

4. A. increased                   B. reduced

C. improved                 D. changed

5. A. killing            B. using

C. eating             D. destroying

6. A. supply            B. animal

Cstore             D. factory

7. Ahunter            Bdeer

Cfarmer             Dwolf

8. Ajoy            Bskin

Cfood             Dsafety

9. Akilled          Bharmed

Chunted           Dprotected

10. Aarea          Bwolf

Canimal           Dplant

11. Amuch           Bgood

Cenough           Dfresh

12. Astop            Bcontinue

Cremain             Dallow

13Adisappear         Bdie

Creduce           Dcome

14Afind out          Buse

Cchange            Dcare for

15Asave          Bhave

Chelp             Dmake

16. Awild          Bfamily

Chome            Dfarm

17. Adeer            Btigers

Ceggs             Dcows

18. Aforce            Bplan

Cwant             Dorder

19. A. scientists         B. soldiers

C. hunters            D. doctors

20. A. true            B. necessary

C. wrong             D. natural

 

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