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Thirty- two people watched Kitty Genovese being killed right below their windows. She was their neighbor. Yet none of the 32 helped her. Not one even called the police. Was this in gunman cruelty? Was it lack of feeling about one’s fellowman?
“Not so,”say scientists John Barley and Bib Fatane. These men went beyond the headlines to research into the reasons why people didn’t act. They found that a person has to go through two steps before he can help. First he has to notice that is an emergency（紧急情况）. Suppose you see a middle-aged man fall to the side - walk. Is he having a heart attack? Is he in a coma（昏迷） from a headache? Or is he about to sleep off a drunk? Is the smoke coming into the room from a leak（漏洞）in the air conditioning? Is it “steam pipes”? Or is it really smoke from a fire? It’s not always easy to tell if you are faced with a real emergency. Second, and more important, the person faced with an emergency must feel personally responsible（负责任的）. He must feel that he must help, or the person won’t get the help he needs.
The researchers found that a lot depends on how many people are around. They had college students in to be “tested.”Some came alone. Some came with one or two others. And some came in large groups. The researchers started them off on the “tests.”Then they went into the next room. A curtain divided the “testing room”and the room into which they went. Soon the students heard a scream, the noise of bookshelves falling and a cry for help. All of this had been prerecorded on a tape recorder.
Eight out of ten of the students taking the test alone acted to help. Of the students in pairs, only two out of ten helped. Of the students in groups, none helped.
In other words, in a group, Americans often fail to act. They feel that others will act. They, themselves, needn’t. They do not feel any direct responsibility.
Are people bothered by situations where people are in trouble? Yes. Scientists found that the people were shocked, they sweated, and they had trembling hands. They felt the other person’s trouble. But they did not act. They were in a group. Their actions were shaped by the actions of those they were with.
60. The purpose of this passage is ________.
A. to explain why people fail to act in emergencies
B. to explain when people will act in emergencies
C. to explain what people will do in emergencies
D. to explain how people feel in emergencies
61. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. When a person tries to help others, he must be clear that there is a real emergency.
B. When a person tries to help others, he should know whether they are worth his help.
C. A person must take the full responsibility for the safety of those in emergencies if he wants to help.
D. A person with a heart attack needs the most.
62. The main reason why people fail to act when they stay together is that ________.
A. they are afraid of emergencies
B. they are not willing to get themselves involved
C. others will act if they themselves hesitate
D. they do not have any direct responsibility for those who need help
63. The author suggests that ________.
A. we shouldn’t blame a person if he fails to act in emergencies
B. a person must feel guilty if he fails to help
C. people should be responsible for themselves in emergencies
D. when you are in trouble, people will help you anyway
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Every summer, a great many students travel to other countries looking for work and adventure. Most of the 1 are in seasonal work, mainly connected with tourism and 2 . The pay is usually poor, but most people work abroad for the 3 of travel. You can pick grapes in France, entertain kids on American summer camps, and, of course, there are 4 jobs in hotels and restaurants.
But it is not easy now to find work.“ 5 you speak the language of the country well, there will be very few openings,”says Anthea Ellis, an adviser on 6 for students. If you work with a family in Italy, you'll have to speak Italian. When you wash dishes in a restaurant in Paris, the owner will expect you to speak 7 . British students only have a language advantage 8 jobs in the USA and Australia. 9 Enjoys the experience. Sarah James was employed to help forty American children in Europe. The two teachers with the children had never been 10 . One child lost his passport another became seriously ill and was 11 home; the whole group was thrown out of one hotel because of the 12 they made, and Sarah herself was robbed on her only 13 evening of the entire trip.“I did visit a lot of new places,”she says,“but it wasn't worth it. The pay was 14 and it really was a 24-hour a day job. The kids never slept!”
“The trouble is, students except to have 15 time of it,”Anthea Ellis points out.“ 16 , they see it as a holiday. In practice 17 you have to work hard. At the same time, all vacation work is casual work. You'll have a job when the hotel, the restaurant, or the campsite is busy. 18 , you'll work if it's convenient for the company that employs you. But you have 19 employment rights. As soon as the holiday season 20 they'll get rid of you.”
1．
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A．work B．luck
C．chances D．services
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A．agriculture B．industry
C．hotels D．restaurant
3．
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A．pains B．comfort
C．difficulty D．excitement
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A．always B．hardly
C．never D．seldom
5．
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A．If B．Unless
C．Because D．Although
6．
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A．health care B．vacation work
C．language studies D．tourist safety
7．
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A．Italian B．English
C．French D．Spanish
8．
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A．of B．on
C．from D．for
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A．No one B．None
C．Not everyone D．Everybody
10．
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A．abroad B．employed
C．alone D．respected
11．
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A．driven B．ridden
C．left D．flown
12．
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A．friends B．decision
C．noise D．damage
13．
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A．busy B．free
C．tiring D．pleasant
14．
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A．nice B．reasonable
C．fair D．poor
15．
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A．a hard B．an easy
C．a demanding D．an adventurous
16．
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A．After all B．Worse still
C．However D．Therefore
17．
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A．besides B．altogether
C．though D．until
18．
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A．In a word B．In other words
C．And what's more D．More or less
19．
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A．few B．little
C．many D．much
20．
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A．starts B．lasts
C．goes D．finishes
查看习题详情和答案>>Last fall，before Thanksgiving，I was making my way in my car out of the shopping center parking lot．I was bored in the car. I 36 a woman heavily loaded with 37 and her two boys ,one carrying a pumpkin and the other another bag.
They were headed , I 38 , to the bus stop across the major road. 39 it was too far to walk with all those 40 to any of the nearby bus stops ,on a random impulse（冲动），I rolled down my window and asked if they were indeed headed to the 41 . “Yes,” the mother 42 . I asked , “Would you like a 43 ? “Oh , yes!” was their 44 reaction.
I was also delighted，and，after driving out of the way of other 45 , I stopped and the boys piled into the back seat . The mother started to push 46 beside them. I 47 her by saying, “Oh ,you come on up here 48 me. I’m not a taxi driver!” So off we went.
Right away , I decided to take them a mile and a half to their home , since I had 49 and they had bags. All the way , I had just a fine time listening and talking with all of them. It felt so good to be able to do this little 50 and showed that with such a small 51 I could make a big difference to a tired mother . I’m not sure 52 got the most out of it.
53 , this was special for me 54 , as a disabled person ,I often receive help and now I know how especially good it feel to be 55 .
36．A．noticed B．asked C．helped D．thanked
37．A．baskets B．cases C．bags D．bottles
38．A．advised B．thought C．hoped D．wondered
39．A．Since B．Although C．While D．If
40．A．vehicles B．distances C．directions D．purchases
41．A．shop B．bus stop C．parking lot D．hotel
42．A．commented B．promised C．regretted D．responded
43．A．drink B．try C．ride D．break
44．A．shocked B．surprised C．excited D．mixed
45．A．traffic B．streets C．signals D．stops
46．A．along B．off C．on D．in
47．A．urged B．comforted C．stopped D．stressed
48．A．with B．by C．for D．to
49．A．money B．plans C．time D．duty
50．A．work B．trip C．business D．task
51．A．attention B．idea C．anxiety D．effort
52．A．where B．who C．whether D．when
53．A．By the way B．In other words C．After a11 D．Generally speaking
54．A．however B．so C．or D．because
55．A．useful B．thankful C．special D．healthy
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In open China today, more and more people including some students have got some chances to go abroad for study or just for pleasure．But have you ever tried looking for a job as a tourist in summer holiday? After you read this passage, the experiences of some students going abroad will surely make you some impression ．
Every summer, a great many students travel to other countries looking for work and adventure．Most of the 1 are in seasonal work, mainly connected with tourism and 2 The pay is usually poor, but most people work abroad for the 3 of travel．You can pick grapes in France, entertain(逗乐)kids on American summer camps, and, of course, there are 4 jobs in hotels and restaurants．
But it is not easy now to find work, “ 5 you speak the language of the country well, there will be very few openings,” says Anthea Ellis, an adviser on 6 for students．“If you work with a family in Italy, you'll have to speak Italian．When you wash dishes in a restaurant in Paris, the owner will expect you to speak 7 British students only have a language 8 for jobs in the USA and Australia．”
9 enjoys the experience．Sarah James was employed to help forty American children in Europe．The two teachers with the children had never been 10 One child lost his passport; another became seriously ill and was 11 home; the whole group was thrown out of one hotel because of the 12 they made, and Sarah herself was robbed on her only 13 evening of the entire trip．“I did visit a lot of new places,” she says, “but it wasn't worth it．The pay was 14 and it really was a 24-hour-a-day job．The kids never slept!”
“The trouble is, students expect to have 15 time of it,” Anthea Ellis points out．“ 16 , they see it as a holiday．In practice, 17 , you have to work hard．At the same time, all vacation work is casual(临时)work．You'll have a job when the hotel, the restaurant, or the campsite is busy． 18 , you'll work if it's convenient for the company that employs you．But you have 19 employment rights．As soon as the holiday season 20 , they'll get rid of ;you．”
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| Fire can __1__ many things. It is dangerous to everyone, but it is 2 useful. We cannot live without 3 .In other words, fire is both the 4 and enemy of us. This 5_ on whether we use it wisely or not. To the people 6 live in the forest area, fire is particularly dangerous. It is 7 most of their houses are made of wood, which__8 catches fire. Especially in winter the air is __9_ and the wind is often 10 .If one of these houses is on fire, the wind will 11 the fire to the neighboring houses quickly, and the fire will soon 12 all over the area. If this happens 13 , it may not de too bad. 14 if it happens at night, the situati0n will be very bad, for most people are 15 ,and many of them cannot run away in time. If they can, they will just 16 all the things behind. Some people even do not know 17 is going on, and they 18 in their dreams. We should do our best to 19__ the breakout of fire, which is mostly caused by people’s carelessness. Therefore, not only the people of the _20__ areas but everyone else should be very careful in using fire. 1. A. make B. build C. lose D. destroy 2. A. also B. too C. lose D. not 3. A. water B. air C. food D. fire 4. A. help B. friend C. companion D. neighbor 5.A. happens B. lies C. depends D. decides 6.A. where B. which C. what D. who 7. A. because B. so C. why D. that 8. A. easily B. hardly C. carefully D. friendly 9. A. thick B. thin C. wet D. dry 10. A. cold B. freezing C. gentle D. strong 11. A. make B. let C. blow D. give 12. A. cross B. pass C. happen D. spread 13. A. at right B. on Sunday C. in the evening D. in the day time 14. A. But B. When C. So D. Even 15. A. careless B. sleeping C. afraid D. frightened 16. A. leave B. take C. bring D. have 17. A. that B. what C. who D. which 18. A. think B. smile C. die D. live 19. A. help B. prevent C. develop D. keep 20. A. city B. developing C. factory D. forest
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