摘要： –ing分词作主语和表语时与不定式的区别: 1).-ing分词和动词不定式作主语和表语的主要区别在于:在表示比较抽象的一般的多次性行为时多用-ing分词,在表示具体的或一次性的动作.特别是将来的动作时.多用不定式.如: Smoking is forbidden here. 这里禁止吸烟. It’s not good for you to smoke so much. 吸这么多烟对你的身体不好. 2). 高中阶段能接-ing分词作宾语的常见动词: mind, enjoy, appreciate, avoid, dislike, escape, forgive, keep, practise, resist, risk, deny, consider等. 例:He got well-prepared for the job interview, for he couldn’t risk the good opportunity. A. to lose B. losing C. to be lost D. being lost 答案B.后risk 后接动名词.he与 lose是主谓关系. 3). 有些动词既能接不定式.又能接-ing分词.含义有所不同.如: ①forget, remember, regret等词后面接不定式表示不定式动作后于谓语动作.而后接-ing分词作宾语表示分词动作先于谓语动作.如: Do you remember seeing me before? 你记得以前见过我吗? Remember to lock the door when you leave. 离开时要记得锁门. ②动词mean, stop, try, go on等动词后面接分词和接不定式作宾语.意思也有所不同.如: I try not to think about that. 我尽量不去想那件事. Would you please try doing that again? 请你再试一次好吗? I mean to change it for another one. 我想换成另外一个. Missing the train means waiting for another hour. 误了这班车就意味着再等一个小时. Having finished the exercises, we went on to learn the new words in the next unit. 做完练习以后.我们继续学习下一单元的单词. After a short rest, they went on working. 短暂地休息以后.他们又继续工作. 例:When asked by the police, he said that he remembered at the party, but not . A. to arrive, leaving B. to arrive, to leave C. arriving, leaving D. arriving, to leave 答案C.记得来过晚会.用arriving,但是后的动作仍然记得.用leaving. ③动词allow, advise, forbid, permit等可直接跟-ing分词作宾语.不可以接动词不定式作宾语.但可接不定式作宾语补语.如: Please permit me to say a few words. 请允许我说几句话. We don’t permit smoking here. 我们这儿不允许吸烟. ④动词need, require, want作“需要 解时.后面接-ing分词或不定式的被动式.如: The room wants cleaning/to be cleaned. 这个房间需要打扫. These little children require looking after carefully/to be looked after carefully. 这些小孩需要细心地照料. ⑤动词like, hate, prefer等后面.如表示一般性动作.多用-ing分词,如指特定的具体的某次动作.多用不定式.如: I like swimming, but I don’t like to swim with you. 我喜欢游泳.但我不喜欢和你一起游泳. I prefer walking to school every day. 我情愿每天步行去学校. I prefer to stay at home today. 今天我情愿呆在家里. ⑥动词begin, start后面.如表示有意识地开始做某事.常用-ing分词.否则用不定式更多一些.如: We began to do that job last year. 我们去年开始做那工作的. They started talking about the film at once. 他们立刻开始谈论那部电影. 注:下面几种情况多用不定式作宾语: a. 当start, begin本身用于进行时态时. When the teacher came into the room, he was starting to write to his parents. 老师走进教室的时候.他正开始写信给他的父母亲. b. 当start, begin后接表示心理活动的动词时. Hearing the news, he started to think of a good way to solve the problem. 一听到消息.他就开始考虑一个好办法来解决这个问题. c. 当句子的主语是无生命的东西时. We were about to leave when it began to rain. 我们正准备离开.天开始下雨了.

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