While assisted living centers have been available in the United States for many years, the growth and availability of assisted living has had a dramatic increase since the early 1990s. An assisted living center is a residential alternative that promotes maximum independence for each resident through a combination of supportive services and assistance. The definition of assisted living from one state to another may vary and so will the cost and types of services.

Assisted living centers vary in size, style and the optional services they may offer. Small family style living or the larger complex of units can be found in the United States. Some facilities（设施）are operated by nonprofit organizations, while others are proprietary. In addition, some facilities may be co-located or affiliated (附属) with a hospital or nursing facility.

An assisted living center is any institution, rest home, boarding home, place, building or agency that is maintained and operated to provide personal care and services which meet some need beyond basic provision of food, shelter and laundry in a free standing, physically separate facility which is not otherwise required to be licensed.

In general terms, an assisted living center is required to provide assistance with daily living activities, including eating, bathing, dressing and personal cleanliness; three meals a day; supervision (监督，管理) of self-administration of medications; laundry (洗衣) service including personal laundry, housekeeping, and 24-hour staffing.

41. What is an assisted living center?

　 A. A hotel that serves meals.

　 B. A place for children to be taken care of.

　 C. An entertainment place for adults.

　 D. A place which gives supportive services and assistance.

42. Which of the following is TRUE?

　 A. All assisted living centers offer the same kinds of services.

　 B. All assisted living centers cost the same.

　 C. There are different kinds of assisted living centers in the United States.

　 D. All assisted living centers are of the same size.

43. The underlined word “proprietary” in the second paragraph probably means “_________”.

　 A. state-owned　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. governmental

　 C. owned by a charity organization 　　　　　　　　　 D. private

44. An assisted living center offers the following services EXCEPT _____________.

　 A. meals　　　　　　B. washing　　　 C. education　　　D. housekeeping

45. What’s the best title for the passage?

　 A. What’s an assisted living center?

　 B. Assisted living centers are popular in the United States.

　 C. Assisted living centers offer good services.

　 D. Welcome to the assisted living center.

E
Teenagers who drink alcohol are at higher risk of becoming victims of violence, a Cardiff University study has found.
A team from the School of Dentistry' s Violence Research Group studied drinking habits in
children aged | 1-16 in England. They found not only a link between drink and violence but also
that children who drank were more likely to be hit, even if they weren' t violent themselves.
The researchers are now calling for measures to prevent alcohol misuse to reduce injury
risk. Current policy focuses on reducing aggression but this research shows that there should be
equal effort to reduce victimization(受害).
More than 4,000 children were surveyed at 13 schools at four local authorities in the North, the Midlands, London, and the South. The study found that 25% of 1 l-year-olds were drinking
monthly and 3.6% daily, with 12.8% admitting to getting drunk 3 to 5 times a year. By the age
of 16, 40% were drinking weekly and 6.2% were drinking every day. The research also showed
22.6% of 16-year-olds were getting drunk more than 21 times a year.
The study, which has just been published in the Journal of Adolescence, found a strong
link between frequency of drinking and frequency of hitting other people.
However, children who reported drinking monthly were also three times more likely to be
hit. Adolescents(青少年) who drank but didn't get into fights were more likely to be hit than
those who did fight.
Professor Jonathan Shepherd, who led the research, said a lot of previous alcohol-related
violence work had focused on the offenders rather than the victims. His team is calling for more pre-vention work from parents and teachers in the first two years of secondary school by taking advantage of the "teachable moment", that is, immediately after a student has missed school because of drunkenness.
Previous work by Professor Jonathan Shepherd has shown drinkers may be more at risk of vio-lence because of reduced physical co-ordinatlon ( 配合), poor decision-making in threatening situa-tions and isolation while out late at night.
He said,"This new study seems to be the first to show a direct link between alcohol misuses and victimization. There now needs to be much more effort put into reducing alcohol misuse in order to reduce injury. "
58. The underlined word "aggression" in the third paragraph probably means_____
A. violence         B. sad feelings     C. bad manners          D. drunkenness
59. Drinkers may be more at risk of violence because of all the following EXCEPT __
A. reduced the physical co-ordination
B. isolation while out late at night
C. a higher frequency of hitting other people
D. poor decision-making in threatening situations
60. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to Professor Shepherd' s research?
A. The frequency of children getting drunk increases with age.
B. His previous alcohol-related violence work had focused on the offendersl
C. Some children missed school because of drunkenness.
D. This new study shows a direct link between alcohol misuse and victimization.

E

Teenagers who drink alcohol are at higher risk of becoming victims of violence, a Cardiff University study has found.

A team from the School of Dentistry' s Violence Research Group studied drinking habits in

children aged | 1-16 in England. They found not only a link between drink and violence but also

that children who drank were more likely to be hit, even if they weren' t violent themselves.

The researchers are now calling for measures to prevent alcohol misuse to reduce injury

risk. Current policy focuses on reducing aggression but this research shows that there should be

equal effort to reduce victimization(受害).

More than 4,000 children were surveyed at 13 schools at four local authorities in the North, the Midlands, London, and the South. The study found that 25% of 1 l-year-olds were drinking

monthly and 3.6% daily, with 12.8% admitting to getting drunk 3 to 5 times a year. By the age

of 16, 40% were drinking weekly and 6.2% were drinking every day. The research also showed

22.6% of 16-year-olds were getting drunk more than 21 times a year.

The study, which has just been published in the Journal of Adolescence, found a strong

link between frequency of drinking and frequency of hitting other people.

However, children who reported drinking monthly were also three times more likely to be

hit. Adolescents(青少年) who drank but didn't get into fights were more likely to be hit than

those who did fight.

Professor Jonathan Shepherd, who led the research, said a lot of previous alcohol-related

violence work had focused on the offenders rather than the victims. His team is calling for more pre-vention work from parents and teachers in the first two years of secondary school by taking advantage of the "teachable moment", that is, immediately after a student has missed school because of drunkenness.

Previous work by Professor Jonathan Shepherd has shown drinkers may be more at risk of vio-lence because of reduced physical co-ordinatlon ( 配合), poor decision-making in threatening situa-tions and isolation while out late at night.

He said,"This new study seems to be the first to show a direct link between alcohol misuses and victimization. There now needs to be much more effort put into reducing alcohol misuse in order to reduce injury. "

58. The underlined word "aggression" in the third paragraph probably means_____

A. violence         B. sad feelings     C. bad manners          D. drunkenness

59. Drinkers may be more at risk of violence because of all the following EXCEPT __

A. reduced the physical co-ordination

B. isolation while out late at night

C. a higher frequency of hitting other people

D. poor decision-making in threatening situations

60. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to Professor Shepherd' s research?

A. The frequency of children getting drunk increases with age.

B. His previous alcohol-related violence work had focused on the offendersl

C. Some children missed school because of drunkenness.

D. This new study shows a direct link between alcohol misuse and victimization.

Teenagers who drink alcohol are at higher risk of becoming victims of violence, a Cardiff University study has found.

A team from the School of Dentistry’ s Violence Research Group studied drinking habits in children aged 11 - 16 in England. They found not only a link between drink and violence but also that children who drank were more likely to be hit, even if they weren’t violent themselves.

The researchers are now calling for measures to prevent alcohol misuse to reduce injury risk. Current policy focuses on reducing aggression but this research shows that there should be equal effort to reduce victimization.

More than 4,000 children were surveyed at 13 schools at four local authorities in the North, the Midlands, London, and the South. The study found that 25% of 11-year-olds were drinking monthly and 3.6% daily, with 12.8% admitting to getting drunk 3 to 5 times a year. By the age of 16, 40% were drinking weekly and 6.2% were drinking every day. The research also showed 22.6% of 16-year-olds were getting drunk more than 21 times a year.

The study, which has just been published in the Journal of Adolescence, found a strong link between frequency of drinking and frequency of hitting other people.

However, children who reported drinking monthly were also three times more likely to be hit. Adolescents（青少年） who drank but didn’t get into fights were more likely to be hit than those who did fight.

Professor Jonathan Shepherd, who led the research, said a lot of previous alcohol-related violence work had focused on the offenders（惹事的人） rather than the victims. His team is calling for more prevention work from parents and teachers in the first two years of secondary school by taking advantage of the “teachable moment”，that is, immediately after a student has missed school because of drunkenness.

Previous work by Professor Jonathan Shepherd has shown drinkers may be more at risk of violence because of reduced physical co-ordination, poor decision-making in threatening situations and isolation while out late at night. He said, “This new study seems to be the first to show a direct link between alcohol misuse and victimization. There now needs to be much more effort put into reducing alcohol misuse in order to reduce injury.”

61. The main idea of the passage is that teenagers who drink alcohol ________.

A. often offend other people

B. often become injured

C. are more likely to become victims of violence

D. are more likely to fight with others

62. The underlined word “aggression” in the third paragraph probably means “________”．

A. violence　　　 B. sad feelings       C. bad manners          D. drunkenness

63. The research argues that more effort should be made to ________.

A. reduce aggression            B. prevent fighting

C. reduce victimization          D. prevent drinking alcohol

64. Drinkers may be more at risk of violence because of all the following EXCEPT ________.

A. reduced physical co-ordination          B. isolation while out late at night

C. a higher frequency of hitting other people

D. poor decision-making in threatening situations

65. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to Professor Shepherd’ s research?

A. The frequency of children getting drunk increases with age.

B. His previous alcohol-related violence work had focused on the offenders.

C. Some children missed school because of drunkenness.

D. This new study shows a direct link between alcohol misuse and victimization.

 E

      Teenagers who drink alcohol are at higher risk of becoming victims of violence, a Cardiff University study has found.

      A team from the School of Dentistry' s Violence Research Group studied drinking habits in

 children aged | 1-16 in England. They found not only a link between drink and violence but also

 that children who drank were more likely to be hit, even if they weren' t violent themselves.

      The researchers are now calling for measures to prevent alcohol misuse to reduce injury

 risk. Current policy focuses on reducing aggression but this research shows that there should be

 equal effort to reduce victimization(受害).

      More than 4,000 children were surveyed at 13 schools at four local authorities in the North, the Midlands, London, and the South. The study found that 25% of 1 l-year-olds were drinking

 monthly and 3.6% daily, with 12.8% admitting to getting drunk 3 to 5 times a year. By the age

of 16, 40% were drinking weekly and 6.2% were drinking every day. The research also showed

22.6% of 16-year-olds were getting drunk more than 21 times a year.

      The study, which has just been published in the Journal of Adolescence, found a strong

link between frequency of drinking and frequency of hitting other people.

      However, children who reported drinking monthly were also three times more likely to be

hit. Adolescents(青少年) who drank but didn't get into fights were more likely to be hit than

those who did fight.

      Professor Jonathan Shepherd, who led the research, said a lot of previous alcohol-related

violence work had focused on the offenders rather than the victims. His team is calling for more pre-vention work from parents and teachers in the first two years of secondary school by taking advantage of the "teachable moment", that is, immediately after a student has missed school because of drunkenness.

      Previous work by Professor Jonathan Shepherd has shown drinkers may be more at risk of vio-lence because of reduced physical co-ordinatlon ( 配合), poor decision-making in threatening situa-tions and isolation while out late at night.

      He said,"This new study seems to be the first to show a direct link between alcohol misuses and victimization. There now needs to be much more effort put into reducing alcohol misuse in order to reduce injury. "

58. The underlined word "aggression" in the third paragraph probably means_____

     A. violence         B. sad feelings     C. bad manners          D. drunkenness

59. Drinkers may be more at risk of violence because of all the following EXCEPT __

     A. reduced the physical co-ordination

     B. isolation while out late at night

     C. a higher frequency of hitting other people

     D. poor decision-making in threatening situations

60. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to Professor Shepherd' s research?

     A. The frequency of children getting drunk increases with age.

     B. His previous alcohol-related violence work had focused on the offendersl

     C. Some children missed school because of drunkenness.

     D. This new study shows a direct link between alcohol misuse and victimization.