Taking away a city's rubbish is a big job. Every day trucks come into a city to collect it. Most rubbish is made up of things we can't eat or use. If we kept these things we would soon have a mountain of rubbish.

    In some cities the rubbish is collected and taken outside of city to a dump. Often the city dump is placed where the ground is low or there is a big hole. The kitchen rubbish is broken into small pieces and sent into the sewage system. The sewage system takes away the used water from toilets, bathtubs and other places.

    To keep mice and flies away, some earth is used to cover the newly dumped rubbish. Later, grass may be planted on the rubbish-filled land. Finally, a house or a school may be built there, and then you'd never know that this had once been an old rubbish dump.

    In other cities the rubbish is burnt in special places. The fire burns everything but the metal.

    Sometimes the metal can be used again in factories where things are made of metal. The food parts of rubbish are put in special piles where they slowly change into something called humus, which looks like black earth. It is rich with the kinds of things that feed plants and help them grow.

1.You can most probably read the passage in_______.

A. a science book    B. a TV guide    C. a history book    D. a telephone book

2. The main idea of the passage is_______.

A. to let us know taking away rubbish is a big job

B. to explain the need for rubbish collection

C. to introduce different ways to treat rubbish

D. to tell people to take useful things out of rubbish

3.The underlined word "sewage" in the passage means_______.

A. 污水     B. 香肠      C.垃圾       D. 粪便

4. How should we take care of a used metal box according to the passage?

A. By burning it off.                  B. By putting it in water.

C. By throwing it away.                      D. By reusing and recycling it.

You are probably familiar with the saying：An apple a day keeps the doctor away. A recent research carried out by the Chinese University of Hong Kong may change the saying:

An apple a day may keep aging away.

The research chose fruit flies(果蝇), as they share many genes(基因)with humans. The fruit flies were either fed normally or had an apple extract(浓缩物) added to their diet.

It turned out that those fruit flies that were given apple extract lived about 55 days—five days longer than the flies that were normally fed. The research group also found it easier for the flies to walk，climb and move about as they aged.

According to the result, the researchers believed that the antioxidants(抗氧化剂) in the apple extract helped clean up dangerous chemicals(化学物质) that cause illnesses，as well as aging.

In another study，researchers examined diets of thousands of women. They discovered that those who regularly ate apples were 20 percent less likely to suffer heart illnesses and stroke.

The apples’ genetic code(遗传密码) was discovered recently. It allows scientists to develop nicer and healthier fruits. Researchers are already using the information to grow a kind of apples full of antioxidants that can keep eyes and joints healthy and protect humans against heart illnesses and cancer.

Apples that kill the desire(欲望) to eat could also be produced, with the first“extra-healthy’’apples on supermarket shelves within just four or five years.

The team that keeps studying apple DNA includes 100 scientists from five countries. Their research also suggests that around 65 million years ago, when dinosaurs began to die off the plant，which would finally become today’s apple tree, experienced a great genetic change. The number of many of its genes doubled. The extra genes allowed the apple to get used to worse conditions and go through a different development from peaches，strawberries and other related fruits.

1.Why were fruit flies used for the research?

A.Because they have a similar diet to humans.

B.Because they have a history as long as apples.

C.Because they share a lot of genes with humans.

D.Because they feed on nothing but apple extract.

2.What result did the researchers find out?

A.Apples produce chemicals that can change human genes.

B.Apples have antioxidants that kill chemicals that cause aging.

C.Apples are rich in vitamins that are needed in humans’bodies.

D.Apples produce chemicals that make apples taste more delicious.

3.What happened to apples around 65 million years ago according to the research?

A.Their genes stopped their development as the environment got worse.

B.Their genes became twice in number but they finally died off like dinosaurs.

C.They experienced a great genetic change making them used to worse conditions.

D.They went through a similar development to peaches, strawberries and other related fruits.

4.What can we infer(推断)from the passage?

A.Eating apples may bring us more advantages than we might believe before.

B.People who have the habit of eating apples don’t need to see a doctor.

C.Apples that kill the desire to eat are already available in supermarkets now.

D.People will eat apples instead of peaches and strawberries from now on.

Lucy Brown teaches English in a junior high school. She loves her students very much, and she works hard. She often tells them some interesting stories in class and her students like her, too.

Yesterday, Lucy found some boys always made faces（做鬼脸）in class. She didn’t want them to do that again, so she got all her students together and said, “Boys and girls, when I was young, I liked making faces in class, too. But one day, my grandmother told me not to do that again. She said, ‘If you make faces again, you will be ugly when you grow up.’ So you shouldn’t do that again.”

Some students thought she was right, but some students didn’t. One of the boys put up his hand. “Oh, Tom! What do you want to say?” asked Lucy.

The boy stood up and said, “Miss Brown, you must regret（后悔）listening to your grandmother now.”

1. Lucy is _____.

A．a Chinese teacher   B．a math teacher     C．an English teacher   D．a history teacher

2.In her class, Lucy often _____her students.

A．sings English songs to                    B．performs magic tricks for

C．tells interesting stories to                 D．plays the piano for

3.What did Lucy find yesterday?

A．Some boys always didn’t listen to her.       B．Some boys always ate snacks in class.

C．Some boys always had fights in class.         D．Some boys always made faces in class.

4.How did Lucy make them not to do that again?

A. She called their parents and told them about it.

B She told her grandmother about it.

C. She made the boys stand in front of the other students.

D. She told them a story about herself.

5.From the passage, we know____.

A．Tom didn’t think Lucy was beautiful

B．Lucy will be happy after hearing Tom’s words

C．Lucy’s grandmother didn’t like Lucy

D．Lucy thought the boys in her class were very ugly

Basketball has a history of nearly 300 years. Today it is still loved by _______ the young _______ the old.

A．only…but…       B．both…and…       C．either…or…       D．neither…nor…