Today we’ll talk about the history of blue jeans. For many people, blue jeans stand for (代表) American culture.
The history of blue jeans usually began with a man named Levi Strauss. He did not invent jeans. But he is the first person to produce and sell them in large numbers. Levi Strauss was born in Germany. In 1847, he and his family moved to the United States. He opened a small store and sold jeans. These pants were especially useful for miners (矿工) in California. They needed strong clothing. Levi Strauss worked with Jacob Davis, who had invented a step for making rivets (铆钉) for jeans. They helped make the blue jeans stronger.
In 1873, Strauss and Davis received a patent (专利) to own this invention. Nineteenth century workers would probably be surprised to know that their pants would one day become fashions. Today, jeans are worn by people of all ages. Jeans come in many colors other than blue and in many styles and prices. Fashion designers even create very costly jeans.
Writer James published a book called Jeans: A Cultural History of an American Icon (偶像). In the book, he says jeans serve as a sign for two American values, creativity and rebellion (叛逆).
【小题1】 Why did Jacob use rivets for jeans?

1 

—  Can I help you?

—  Yes. Can I have a look at the red skirt?

—  Which one? ________1_______

—  The big one.  ________2_______

—  Let me see. Oh, it’s 50 dollars.

—   Oh, it’s too expensive (贵的).

—   How about the blue one? It’s cheaper (更便宜的). _____3_______

—   Let me have a look. Very good. _____4___

—    _____________5___________

When you write a letter or make a telephone call, your words 31  a message. People communicate(沟通) with words. Do you think you can communicate__32__words? A smile  33  your face shows you are happy and friendly. Tears in your eyes tell34  that you are sad. When you 35   your hand in class, the teacher knows you want to say something 36 ask questions. You shake（摇头） your head, and people know you are saying no. You nod（点头） and people know you are saying  37 .
Other things can also give some information. For example, a sign at the bus stop helps you to know which bus  38 . A sign on the wall of your school helps you to find the library. Signs on doors tell you  39  to go in or out. 40 you ever noticed that there are a lot of signs around you and that you receive message 41  them all the time?
People can communicate 42 many other ways. 43  artist can use his drawings to tell about beautiful mountains, about the blue sea and many other things. Books 44 to tell you about all wonderful things in the world. They all help us to know 45  is going on in the world.
【小题1】A. take       B. bring              C. carry    
【小题2】A. by         B. with              C. without
【小题3】A. in          B. on                C. at        
【小题4】A. others     B. the others         C. other  
【小题5】A. look up     B. make up           C. put up   
【小题6】A. when        B. or                C. but       
【小题7】A. no         B. hello              C. yes     
【小题8】A. to get      B. to have            C. to take
【小题9】A. where       B. how                C. what
【小题10】A. Do          B. Did                C. Have
【小题11】A. from       B. of                 C. about   
【小题12】A. with       B. without           C. in
【小题13】A. The         B. An                 C. A       
【小题14】A. wrote       B. is written         C. are written
【小题15】A. what        B. which              C. that