When an animal helps another animal, it usually gets something valuable in return. For a long time, many scientists thought that only people could act generously just because it feels good.

However, a new study in Germany suggests that chimpanzees (黑猩猩)also do good things for no real reason. And so do children who are as young as 18 months of age. Maybe it is because humans and chimpanzees share an ancestor(祖先) about 6 million years ago.

People and chimpanzees appear to develop such features(特征) without any other training, says Warneken, a scientist in Germany. Warneken and his partners worked on adult chimpanzees that live on an island in the African country of Uganda. They also worked with 18-month-old children in Germany. The researchers performed three experiments on the adult chimpanzees and two experiments on the kids. In the first animal experiment，a person tried to reach his arm into a cage to get a stick，but he couldn’t reach it. A chimpanzee was in the cage，and it could reach the stick if it wanted to.

Thirty-six chimpanzees took part in this experiment one by one, and no chimpanzee saw what the other chimpanzees had done. Even though the animals hadn’t met the person before, they usually took the stick and gave it to the person. What’s more, they did this whether or not the person offered them bananas as a reward. In a similar experiment, 36 children acted in a similar way. They helped the person reach the stick, whether or not they were offered toys for their help.

Researchers did other experiments on chimpanzees and babies. No rewards were offered in either experiment. And still, both the chimpanzees and children went out of their way to help. Still, the new study is different from earlier findings. Researchers have found that chimpanzees don’t give rewards of food to other chimpanzees, even if it costs them nothing to be generous.

1.Warneken and his partners worked with ________.

A．young chimpanzee that live on an island

B．18-month-old children who live in Germany

C．kids who are living with adult chimpanzees

D．adult chimpanzees that live on the African mountain

2.A new study in Germany suggests that ________.

A．people also share information for good reason

B．children know something at the age of 18 months

C．chimpanzees do good things for no real reason, too

D．humans should develop their abilities 6 million years ago

3. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage？

A．Thirty-six chimpanzees joined in this experiment one by one

B．No chimpanzee saw what the other chimpanzees had done

C．The animals hadn’t met the person before the experiments

D．Chimpanzee gave the person the stick in order to get a reward

4.From the passage we know that ________.

A．both chimpanzees and children can find their way to help others

B．chimpanzees will reward good food to other chimpanzees

C．children is more generous than chimpanzees in some ways

D．both chimpanzees and children can do the difficult experiments

Almost every Chinese person can recite(背诵) the two lines of the famous poem, “Every grain on the plate comes from hard work ”. But sadly, many of us don’t actually get the real meaning of these lines: Don’t waste food.
A CCTV program reported that the food Chinese people throw away every year is enough to feed 200 million people for a year. Do we have too much food? Absolutely not. According to the UN World Food Program, there were 925 million hungry people around the world in 2011, especially in developing countries. Six million children die of hunger every year.
Chinese people are well-known for being friendly and generous. Many even feel that they lose face if their guests have eaten all the food on the table. Luckily, a number of people have realized the importance of saving food. What should we do in our daily lives to waste less food?
1. Don’t order too much in a restaurant. Only order as much as you want to eat. If you cannot eat all the food you ordered, take the rest of it home.
2. Don’t leave any food in your bowls while having meals.
3. Keep an eye on what food you have at home. Don’t buy too much, especially for vegetables and fruit.
【小题1】What’s the real meaning of the underlined sentence?

Almost every Chinese person can recite(背诵) the two lines of the famous poem, “Every grain on the plate comes from hard work ”. But sadly, many of us don’t actually get the real meaning of these lines: Don’t waste food.

A CCTV program reported that the food Chinese people throw away every year is enough to feed 200 million people for a year. Do we have too much food? Absolutely not. According to the UN World Food Program, there were 925 million hungry people around the world in 2011, especially in developing countries. Six million children die of hunger every year.

Chinese people are well-known for being friendly and generous. Many even feel that they lose face if their guests have eaten all the food on the table. Luckily, a number of people have realized the importance of saving food. What should we do in our daily lives to waste less food?

1. Don’t order too much in a restaurant. Only order as much as you want to eat. If you cannot eat all the food you ordered, take the rest of it home.

2. Don’t leave any food in your bowls while having meals.

3. Keep an eye on what food you have at home. Don’t buy too much, especially for vegetables and fruit.

1.What’s the real meaning of the underlined sentence?

A．春种一粒粟，秋收万颗籽                B．谁知盘中餐，粒粒皆辛苦。

C．吏禄三百石，岁晏有余粮                D．足蒸暑土气，背灼炎天光。

2.According to the UN report, how many hungry people were there in 2011?

A．6 million.          B．925 million.        C．200 million.        D．725 million.

3.What should we do to waste less food?

A．Order more food in a restaurant.

B．Every time you eat, leave some food in your bowls.

C．Take all the food you ordered home.

D．Don’t store too much food like vegetables and fruit.

4.Which of the following is NOT true?

A．A number of people have realized the importance of saving food.

B．The food Chinese people throw away every year is enough to feed 200 million people for a year.

C．200 million children die of hunger every year.

D．Many Chinese feel that they lose face if guests have eaten all the food on the table.

5.What’s the main idea of this passage?

A．Don’t waste food.

B．Chinese people are friendly and generous.

C．We can’t die of hunger.

D．Every grain is grown by farmers.

In old times，man considered lightning to be one of the great mysteries（神秘事物）of nature．In fact a single flash of lightning 1.6 kilometers long has enough electricity to light one million lamps．
The American scientist，Benjamin Franklin，was the first to suggest that lightning is in fact electricity formed between the earth and clouds high above．It happened in 1752．In the same year，he also built the first lightning rod（避雷针）to protect buildings from being struck by lightnings．
Modern science has discovered that lightning is very strong and powerful．A lightning between a cloud and the earth may be as long as 13 kilometers，and travels at a speed of 30 million meters per second．Scientists have the opinion that there are about 2000 million flashes of lightning per year．In the United States alone，it kills almost one person per day．
The safest place to be in during an electrical（电的）storm is a closed car．Outside，one should go close to low ground for cover and not stop under a tree．Also one should stay out of water and away from metal fences．Inside a house people should keep away from open doorways and windows and not touch wires or metal things．
【小题1】From this passage we know lightning is____．

Mobile phones help us easily find people anywhere at any time. A mobile phone can include many things, such as games, music and Internet surfing. Today, 4,600,000,000 people around the world have mobile phones, according to CBS News.
However, using mobile phones too often may cause cancer(癌症). It’s reported that people who used a mobile phone for 10 years or more were more likely to get cancer. The advice below may help you reduce the risk of cancer:
★An earphone gives out much less radiation(辐射) than phones. However, you should take it off your ear when you’re not talking to anyone.
★Your phone gives out radiation when you talk or text(发短信), but not when you’re listening or getting messages. Listening more and talking less can lower the risk of cancer.
★Hold the phone away from your body when you’re talking, not against your ear. Also, don’t keep it in your pocket.
★Phones gives out less radiation to send texts than to carry a person’s voice. Texting also keeps radiation away from your head.
★Do not use your mobile phone when the signal(信号) is weak. Fewer signal bars on your phone mean that the phone needs to give out more radiation to work. Make and take calls when your phone has a strong signal.
【小题1】According to CBS News, _____ people all over the world have got mobile phones.