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ago, not many people were taught to read, so there was a lot more reading out loud by the few people who
could.
To help those reading out loud in the old days, sign (符号) known as "points" were added to pages of
writing. Punctuation comes from the Latin word punctus, meaning "point". These points told readers when
to pause (暂停) or take a breath, and what to emphasize (加重).
In Europe from the early centuries AD, these points were widely used although not everybody used the
same points for the same thing. When printing was invented, printers had to be made more clearly about
what to put where, so that everyone was doing the same thing. Since that point, all sorts of punctuation
rules have been discov ered and invented.
Speech marks ".."
Speech marks or quotation marks are used to show that someone is speaking. The sort we have in English
today began to be widely used during the 18 century. Before that readers simply understood from the way a
sentence was written that someone was speaking although sometimes spoken words were underlined.
Comma, colon: period (full stop).
All three of these sorts of punctuation marks were given their Greek names by Aristophanes, a librarian
who lived in Byzantium in the 2'd century BC. They were marks on the page, each with a message to the
reader. Comma meant a short pause. Colon meant a medium (中等的) sized pause. Period meant a long pause.
Exclamation mark!
In the early days of punctuation, if you saw this sign, you were supposed to pause. Some people think
the exclamation mark began as what the Creek word JO looked like if it was turned 90 degrees. This word
means"Oh, gosh!" With the I on the top and the O under it, the sign as we know it today was developed.
Question mark?
In the middle age, a squiggle (圆弧) above a full stop was sometimes used to show the sentence was a
question and that a person's voice should go up at the end. By the 17" century it had turned into what we
call a question mark. The shape may have come from the letter Q short for that Latin quaestio, meaning
"question".
Writers make choices about punctuation because they think differently about sentences and words. It's
part of the personality of their writing. Some writers hate punc- tuation, but others love punctuation. So
whether you love or hate punctuation, the best advice may be to just enjoy it, play with it, think about it and
use it. It belongs (属于) to the language and it belongs to you.
B. In the 2nd century BC.
C. In the 18th century.
D. In the early centuries AD.
B. meet the need of printing
C. guide the way of writing
D. mention the spoken words
B. Speech marks were named by a librarian.
C. Question mark comes from a Latin word.
D. The shape of a word makes exclamation mark.
B. Not many people are taught to use it correctly.
C. It has different meanings to different people.
D. Sometimes spoken words must be underlined.
Good morning. I’m Chen Hua. Here’s my culture report for today, Monday:
A new film starts tonight at the student cinema at eight o’clock. The film is Pirates of the Carribean. It’s a fantastic adventure film. Johnny Depp and Orlando Bloom are the stars. They are both very popular and famous, and they both act well in this film, and make their characters believable.
The story is about an old ship. It sails around the Carribean islands. Depp and Bloom try to find some lost gold. Then they come fare to face with some terrible men, and have to fight them. There's lots of action, and the fighting looks really dangerous. They also saves Keira Knightly. She plays Elisabeth, the daughter of a rich man. The scenes with Knightly and Bloom are beautiful and romantic.
The film isn't true to life, but it' s very exciting, and some of it is very funny. It' s an enjoyable film, although in my opinion there's too much fighting. But except for that, it's an excellent film. U you didn't see it when it first came out, I advise you to go and see it now. I' m sure you' 11 enjoy it. It' s showing all week.
1. Pirates of the Carribean is__________.
A. a tragedy B. a comedy C. an action film D. an adventure film
2.Depp and Bloom sails around the Carribean islands because__________.
A. they try to find some lost gold B. they try to find some gold
C. they try to find some lost iron D. they try to find some lost iron
3.They meet __________.
A. some terrible men B. some terrible women
C. some smiling men D. some smiling men
4.There's lots of action in the film because they have to__.
A. fight the frightening people B. fight the terrible women
C. make the film interesting D. make the film exciting
5.Keira Knightly plays
A. Depp and Bloom B. Elisabeth C. Orlando Bloom D. Johnny Depp
6.What Chen Hua doesn't like about the film is
A. untruth to life B. the adventure C. too much fighting D. the stars
7.Chen Hua advises people to see the film because__ _.
A. it's funny B. it's true C. it' s believable I), it' s excellent
8. The general idea of paragraph 3 is _ .
A. self introduction B. where the film is on
C. Chen Hua's opinions about the film D. the main idea of the film
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I was shopping in the supermarket when I heard a young voice.“Mom，come here！There's this lady here my size！”
The mother rushed to her son；then she turned to me to say sorry to me.
I smiled and told her，“It's OK.”Then I talked to the boy，“Hi，I'm Dory Kramer. How are you？”
He studied me from head to toe，and asked，“Are you a little mommy？”
“Yes，I have a son,” I answered.
“Why are you so little?”he asked.
“It's the way I was born,” I said.“Some people are little. Some are tall. I'm just not going to grow any bigger.”After I answered his other questions，I shook the boy's hand and left.
My life as a little person is filled with stories like that. I enjoy talking to children and explaining why I look different from their parents.
It takes only one glance( 一瞥) to see I’m different. I stand three feet nine inches tall(=1.14 metres).I was born a dwarf．In spite of this，I did all the things other kids did when I was growing up.
I didn't realize how short I was until I started school. Some kids called me names (辱骂).Then I knew. I began to hate the first day of school each year.
But I learned to smile and face the fact that I was going to be noticed my whole life. What I lacked in height，I made up for in personality. When people are rude，I remind myself，“Look what else I have－a great family，nice friends.”
1.Why did the mother say sorry to Dory Kramer?
A．Because the boy ran into the author.
B．Because the boy hit the author.
C．Because the boy said the author was fatter than him.
D．Because the mother thought the boy's words had hurt the author.
2.What does a dwarf look like?
A．Of medium height. B．Very tall.
C．Very short. D．Very thin.
3.When did the author realize that she was too short?
A．When she grew up.
B．When she was 47 years old.
C．When she began to go to school.
D．When she met the boy in the supermarket.
4.What does the sentence “What I lacked in height，I made up for in personality”mean?
A. Although I am not tall, I often dress up to make myself different.
B. Although I am not tall, I can make myself tall by dressing up.
C. Although I am not tall, I try to keep it as my personal secrets.
D. Although I am not tall, I can make myself good with good personal qualities.
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We all need a healthy environment, but we produce waste every day and it does harm to our environment. Though we are young, we can still do something to help. In fact, even the simplest everyday activities can make a real difference to the environment. Here are some ideas for you to live a green life.
Remember these three words: reduce, reuse and recycle.
Reduce means “use less”. Don't waste things. This saves money and reduces pollution and waste going into the environment. Before we buy something new, think if it is really necessary or maybe the old one will be just as good! When we do buy things, choose local products if possible, and try not to buy too many things from abroad.
Reuse means “use again”. Use things for as long as possible. When we buy things, make sure that they last a long time. We should take care of them so that they will last, and we should repair them if we can instead of throwing them away and buying new ones. Don't use a paper cup or a paper bag. It’s better to use a china cup and a lunch box because you can use them again.
Recycle means “change things into something else”. Although it takes energy to change something into something else, it’s better than throwing things away or burning them. Find out what can be recycled in your neighbourhood and take part in recycling programmes. We should also buy products made from recycled materials, such as recycled paper, to help save trees.
Title: 46 to Live a Green Life
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We produce waste every day and it is 47 to us. We can do something to help. |
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Ideas |
Dos |
Don’ts |
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To 48 |
Use less * Try to save something. |
* Don’t buy too many things from foreign 49 . |
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To reuse |
Use 50 * Use things for as long as possible. * Buy things that last long. * Take care of things or 51 the old things. |
* Don’t use 52 cups or bags. |
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To recycle |
Change things into something 53 *Join in recycling programmes. *Buy 54 made from recycled materials. |
* Don’t 55 things away or burn them. |
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