Technology has been an encouragement of historical change. It acted as such a force in England beginning in the eighteenth century, and across the entire Western World in the nineteenth. Rapid advances were made in the use of scientific findings in the manufacture (制造) of goods, which has changed ideas about work. One of the first changes was that other forms of energy have taken the place of human power. Along with this came the increased use of machines to manufacture products in less time. People also developed machines that could produce the same parts for a product: each nail was exactly like every other nail, meaning that each nail could be changed for every other nail. This means that goods could be mass production, although mass production required breaking production down into smaller and smaller tasks.
Once this was done, workers no longer started on the product and labored to complete it. Instead, they might work only one thousandth of it, other workers completing their own parts in certain order. There is nothing strange about this manufacturing work by today's standards. Highly skilled workers were unable to compare with the new production techniques, as mass production allowed goods of high standard to be produced in greater number than could ever be done by hand. But the skilled worker wasn't the only loser, the common workers lost too. Similar changes forced farmer away. The increased mechanization (机械化) of agriculture freed masses of workers from ploughing the land and harvesting its crops. They had no choice but to stream toward the rapidly developing industrial centers. Increasingly, standards were set by machines. Workers no longer owned their own tools, their skill was no longer valued, and pride in their work was no longer possible. Workers fed, looked after and repaired the machines that could work faster than humans at greatly reduced cost.
【小题1】In this passage, which of the following is NOT considered as a change caused by the use of scientific findings in the production of goods?

Technology has been an encouragement of historical change. It acted as such a force in England beginning in the eighteenth century, and across the entire Western World in the nineteenth. Rapid advances were made in the use of scientific findings in the manufacture (制造) of goods, which has changed ideas about work. One of the first changes was that other forms of energy have taken the place of human power. Along with this came the increased use of machines to manufacture products in less time. People also developed machines that could produce the same parts for a product: each nail was exactly like every other nail, meaning that each nail could be changed for every other nail. This means that goods could be mass production, although mass production required breaking production down into smaller and smaller tasks.

Once this was done, workers no longer started on the product and labored to complete it. Instead, they might work only one thousandth of it, other workers completing their own parts in certain order. There is nothing strange about this manufacturing work by today's standards. Highly skilled workers were unable to compare with the new production techniques, as mass production allowed goods of high standard to be produced in greater number than could ever be done by hand. But the skilled worker wasn't the only loser, the common workers lost too. Similar changes forced farmer away. The increased mechanization (机械化) of agriculture freed masses of workers from ploughing the land and harvesting its crops. They had no choice but to stream toward the rapidly developing industrial centers. Increasingly, standards were set by machines. Workers no longer owned their own tools, their skill was no longer valued, and pride in their work was no longer possible. Workers fed, looked after and repaired the machines that could work faster than humans at greatly reduced cost.

1.In this passage, which of the following is NOT considered as a change caused by the use of scientific findings in the production of goods?

A．Other forms of energy have taken the place of human power.

B．The increased exploitation (剥削)of workers in the 19th century.

C．The increased use of machines to make products in less time.

D．The use of machines producing parts of the same standard.

2.The underlined word “this ”in the second paragraph refers to the change that ______

A．each nail could be taken the place of by every other nail

B．each nail was exactly like every other nail

C．producing tasks became smaller and smaller

D．goods could be mass produced

3.According to the writer, highly skilled workers ______

A．completely disappeared with the coming of the factory system

B．were dismissed(解散) by the boss

C．were unable to produce goods of high standard

D．were unable to produce fine goods at that same speed as machines

4.According to the passage, what did the farmers have to do with the coming of mechanization of agriculture?

A. Many of them had to leave their farmland for industrial centers.

B. They stuck to their farm work.

C. They refused to use machines.

D They did their best to learn how to use the machines.

The killer bees are coming! By the time you read this they will have reached Texas. They will also reach all the warmer areas of the United States. Scientists as well as farmers wait for them with a mixture of fear and wonder.

The killer bees should not be coming at all. Nature did not put them on this direct path for the United States; human beings did. The killer bees are from Africa. But in 1957 a scientist from Brazil got some of these killer bees for his experiments. The aim(目的)was to produce a better bee. However, an accident happened: a guest beekeeper let twenty-six of the queen bees escape by mistake. Before long, groups of killer bees took off for the woods.

Since that time, the wild killer bees have multiplied(繁殖)many times over. By 1998, their population was over 1015, They have spread all over South America, Central America, and most of Mexico. The United States is the next stop.

Are the killer bees really killers? Yes, they are. In their first thirty years in America, they have killed thousands of hens, pigs, and other animals. While no one knows the exact(确切的)number, it is believed that several hundred people have also been killed.

So be careful! Killer bees are on the way, Scientists have no idea what to do with them yet. There must be a way.

1. The killer bees were brought to Brazil in order to 　　　　 .

A. develop a better bee

B. kill the local bees

C. make an African bee

D. produce wild bees

2．The killer bees’ becoming wild in America resulted from(由……导致) a mistake by　　　　 .

A．a beekeeper　　　　   B. a guest

C. a queen　　　　　　    D. a scientist

3. We know from the passage that the killer bees will spread to the United States 　　　　 .

A. from east　　　　　　  B. from north

C. from south　　　　     D. from west

4. The passage suggests that to all the creatures on the earth,　　　　 .

A. beekeepers are the most dangerous energy

B. experiments are often very dangerous

C. the greatest danger often comes from man himself

D. warmer areas are full of fear and wonder

5. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A. It seems that the spread of the killer bees can’t be stopped now.

B. The scientists sent the killer bees out specially to make a better bee.

C. If we don’t take some measures, the killer bees will spread all over the world.

D. The killer bees are really killers that can also kill people.

The killer bees should not be coming at all. Nature did not put them on this direct path for the United States; human beings did. The killer bees are from Africa. But in 1957 a scientist from Brazil got some of these killer bees for his experiments. The aim(目的)was to produce a better bee. However, an accident happened: a guest beekeeper let twenty-six of the queen bees escape by mistake. Before long, groups of killer bees took off for the woods.

Since that time, the wild killer bees have multiplied(繁殖)many times over. By 1998, their population was over 1015, They have spread all over South America, Central America, and most of Mexico. The United States is the next stop.

Are the killer bees really killers? Yes, they are. In their first thirty years in America, they have killed thousands of hens, pigs, and other animals. While no one knows the exact(确切的)number, it is believed that several hundred people have also been killed.

So be careful! Killer bees are on the way, Scientists have no idea what to do with them yet. There must be a way.

1. The killer bees were brought to Brazil in order to 　　　　 .

A. develop a better bee

B. kill the local bees

C. make an African bee

D. produce wild bees

2．The killer bees’ becoming wild in America resulted from(由……导致) a mistake by　　　　 .

A．a beekeeper　　　　   B. a guest

C. a queen　　　　　　    D. a scientist

3. We know from the passage that the killer bees will spread to the United States 　　　　 .

A. from east　　　　　　  B. from north

C. from south　　　　     D. from west

4. The passage suggests that to all the creatures on the earth,　　　　 .

A. beekeepers are the most dangerous energy

B. experiments are often very dangerous

C. the greatest danger often comes from man himself

D. warmer areas are full of fear and wonder

5. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A. It seems that the spread of the killer bees can’t be stopped now.

B. The scientists sent the killer bees out specially to make a better bee.

C. If we don’t take some measures, the killer bees will spread all over the world.

D. The killer bees are really killers that can also kill people.

When she got close,Kristy could see the unconscious driver.The other man was under the passenger seat. “The smells were sicking.I was afraid the truck would blow up and kill us all,” said kristy.
The driver of the big truck was struggling to open the passenger door,so Kristy rushed to the driver’s side.Finally they opened the door.She reached in,seized the driver and, to her horror,felt her hands sink into his chest.She quickly dragged the man to safety on the roadside,then hurried back.As Kristy started down the ditch(水沟) with the passenger,the pickup exploded..She jumped on top of him and they both rolled to safety.
Today,the two farmers,each the farmer of two children,are good friends with Kristy.To show their deep appreciation,they bought her a ring with nine diamonds---one for each member of their immediate families,and the ninth for her.

1. 1.

   Which is the correct order according to the passage?
   a.carried Dean and Donald to safety
   b.rushed to the pickup
   c.the pickup exploded
   d.saw the truck hit on the pickup
   e.got out of her car
   f.wondered what she’d do when in danger

   1. A.
      e,d,b,a,c,f
   2. B.
      f,e,b,a,d,c
   3. C.
      f,d,e,b,a,c
   4. D.
      f,c,e,d,b,a
2. 2.

   When coming to save Donald and Dean Bernhard,Kristy never thought that she___.

   1. A.
      could have any help from others
   2. B.
      would be successful in saving both of them
   3. C.
      might be killed
   4. D.
      would be tested in dangerous situations
3. 3.

   This sentence “The pickup burst into flames.”in the first paragragh means “_______”.

   1. A.
      The pickup was on fire
   2. B.
      The pickup started smoking badly
   3. C.
      A terrifying cry came out of the pickup
   4. D.
      The pickup was broken into pieces
4. 4.

   Which of the following best shows Kristy’s true heroism?

   1. A.
      She did not feel terrified at the accident
   2. B.
      She protected herself as well as the two brothers from harm.
   3. C.
      She put her life “on the line” to save others.
   4. D.
      She was regarded as a member of Dean’s and Donald’s families.