阅读理解

　　For nearly half a century, Mary Lasker, who died last week at 93, was America's leading crusader (社会活动参与者) against cancer. Yet much of the money she used to fight the disease came from a product which is now considered as a cancer cause—the cigarette.

　　Her fortune first took shape in 1992 when advertising genius Albert Lasker was trying to raise American Tobacco Co. sales.“Get women to smoke”, a friend suggested,“and you'll double your market.”Lakser hired actresses and opera singers to support Lasker Strikes. For women worried about extra pounds, he coined the word,“Reach for a Lucky instead of a Sweet.”Lucky Strike sales increased 312 percent in a year.

　　By the time he met Mary Woodard in 1939, Lasker was one of America's richest men, thanks to Luckier and ads that brought in orange juice, facial tissue and sanitary napkins.“What do you want most out of life?”he asked her. She replied,“To help to develop the research in cancer, tuberculosis (结核病) and the major diseases.”They got married, and in 1942 she persuaded him to retire and devote his time and money to philanthropy (慈善业), especially medical research, which then had little private funding (利息) and almost not any support from the government.

　　Albert's 1952 cancer death left Mary with one goal: a cancer cure. She sold off several painting—Matisses, Renoirs and Van Goghs—and gave the money to researchers. For ten years, she managed to persuade to give a high position to the National Institutes of Health. Result: NIT's funding rises quickly from $ 2.4 million in 1954 to nearly $ 11 billion in 1994. Richard Nixon, moved and encouraged by Lasker, declared a $ 100 million“War on cancer”and promised a cancer vaccine (疫苗) by 1976. That proved a different goal, but research has scored advances against several cancers. And Mary Lasker's advice remains a laboratory watchword:“If there are no leads, let us make them.”

1．The words“Reach for a Lucky instead of a Sweet”were coined by Albert Lasker for the purpose of ________.

[　　]

A．tempting(劝诱)women to smoke so as to lose weight

B．persuading women not to eat sweets

C．telling women to smoke Lucky Strikes only

D．advertising Lucky Strikes

2．Albert gained his fortune by ________.

[　　]

A．selling orange juice

B．producing facial tissue and napkins

C．running tobacco businesses

D．none of the above

3．The money Mary used to fight cancer was from ________.

[　　]

A．The Lucky Strikes Co.

B．the government

C．her husband

D．her parents

4．Mary Lasker died ________.

[　　]

A．of cancer

B．from poverty

C．of T. B.

D．not mentioned in the passage

 “Last week,” Dr. P said “I was invited to a doctors’ meeting at the R. Hospital. In one of the rooms a patient, an old man, got up from his bed and moved slowly towards me. I could see that he hadn’t long to live, but he came up to me and placed his right foot close to mine on the floor.”

“Frank!” I cried with surprise. He couldn’t answer as I knew, but he tried to smile, all the time keeping his foot close to mine.

My thoughts raced back more than thirty years—to the dark days of 1941, when I was a student in London. The scene was an air-raid shelter (防空洞), in which I and about a hundred other people slept every night. Among them were Mrs. West and her son Frank, who lived nearby. Sharing wartime problems, we got to know each other very well. Frank interested me because he was not normal (正常的). He had never been normal, ever since he was born. His mother told me he was 37 then, but he had less of a mind than a baby has. Mrs. West, then about 75, was a strong, able woman, as she had to be of course, because Frank depended on her completely. He needed all the attention of a baby.

One night a policeman came into our shelter and told Mrs. West that her house had been all destroyed. That wasn’t quite true, because the West went on living there for quite some time. But they certainly lost nearly everything they owned.

When that kind of thing happened, the rest of us helped the unlucky ones. So before we separated (分别) that morning, I stood beside Frank and measured my right foot against his.

They were about the same size. That night, then, I took a spare pair of shoes to the shelter for Frank. As soon as he saw me, he came running—and placed his right foot against mine. After that, he always greeted (问候) me in the same way.

1.How did Dr P know that the patient was Frank?

A．He was told that Frank was in the hospital.

B．He was invited to study Frank’s illness.

C．Frank greeted him in a special way.

D．Frank’s name was written on the door.

2.When and where did Dr. P first meet Frank?

A．At the R Hospital about ten days before.

B．In an air-raid shelter during the war.

C．In Mrs. West’s house in 1941.

D．In London after the West’s’ house was destroyed.

3.The unlucky ones mentioned by the doctor were __________.

A．those who suffered from illness.

B．those who were killed during the war

C．those who slept in the air-raid shelter.

D．those whose homes were destroyed in air-raids

4.Dr. P placed his foot against Fran’s before he left the shelter.

A．to find out if Frank could put on his shoes

B．to be friendly towards Frank

C．to see if Frank’s feet were normal

D．to teach Frank to greet people in a special way

5.Why did Dr P say that Mrs West had to be a strong, able woman?

A．She was over 75.

B．She needed all the attention of a baby.

C．She had to give care and thought to her son as to a baby.

D．She lost nearly everything in the war.

短文改错

此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行作出判断：如无错误，在该行右边横线上画一个勾（√）；如有错误（每行只有一个错误），则改正：

注意：原行没有错的不要改。

The other day my brother Tom was beginning his               1. _______

    motorbike then our neighbor， Mary came out and asked        2. _______

    him if he was going near the station. So he offered her a lift.

    She got at the back of the motorbike and                     3. _______

    they drove away. Just before they reached to the station     4. _______

    a policeman waved to them to stop. "Excuse me， sir，" he said.

    "You are not sitting on that motorbike properly."

"What's matter with the way I'm sitting？" my brother       5. _______

     asked in surprise. "Not you，sir. It's a young lady，" said 6. _______

     the policeman. "In this country side-saddle（偏座） is not  7. _______

     permitted when one ride a motorbike." Mary made an excuse   8. _______

     that she was from Italy， where it isn't considering to     9. _______

     break the law when people take the side-saddle.

     The policeman shook head and drove away.                    10. ______

Son’s Help

Mr. Lang worked in a factory. As a driver, he was busy but he was paid much. His wife was an able woman and did all the housework. When he came back, she took good care of him and he never did anything at home. So he had enough time when he had a holiday. A few friends of his liked gambling and he learned it soon. So he was interested in it and hardly forgot anything except gambling. He lost all his money and later he began to sell the television, watches and so on. His wife told him not to do it but he didn’t listen to her. She had to tell the police. He and his friends were punished for it. And he was hardly sent away. After he came out of lockup(拘留所), he hated her very much and the woman had to leave him.

It was New Year’s Day. Mr. Lang didn’t go to work. He felt lonely and wanted to gamble again. He called his friends and they came soon. But they were afraid the police would come. He told his five-year-old son to go to find out if there were the policemen outside. They waited for a long time and didn’t think the police would come and began to gamble. Suddenly opened the door and in came a few policemen.

“I saw there weren’t any policemen outside, daddy,” said the boy, “so I went to the crossing and asked some to come.”

1.Mr. Lang was paid much because _______.

A．he was a driver                         B．he worked in a factory

C．he had worked there for a long time         D．he had a lot of work to do

2.Mrs. Lang did all housework because _______.

A．she thought her husband was tired          B．she couldn’t find any work

C．her husband spent all time in gambling       D．she wouldn’t stop her husband gambling

3._______, so he was put into lockup.

A．Mr. Lang was late for work                B．Mr. Lang often gambled

C．Mr. Lang didn’t help his wife at home       D．Mr. Lang wasn’t polite to the police

4.The woman had to leave Mr. Lang because _______.

A．he wouldn’t stop gambling               B．he didn’t love her any longer

C．he had been put into lockup               D．he was hardly sent away by the factory

5.Which of the following is right?

A．The boy thought his father needed some policemen

B．The boy hoped his father to be put into lockup again.

C．The boy hoped his father to stop gambling soon.

D．The boy hoped his mother to come back.

A little boy invited his mother to attend his school’s first teacher-parent meeting. To the little boy’s __1__, she said she would go. This __2__ be the first time that his classmates and teacher __3__ his mother and he felt __4__ of her appearance. Although she was a beautiful woman, there was a severe scar (疤痕) that __5__ nearly the entire right side of her face. The boy never wanted to __6__ why or how she got the scar.

At the meeting, the people were __7__ by the kindness and natural beauty of his mother __ 8__ the scar, but the little boy was still embarrassed (尴尬) and __9 __ himself from everyone. He did, however, get within __10__of a conversation between his mother and his teacher.

The teacher asked __11__, “How did you get the scar on your face?”

The mother replied, “__12__ my son was a baby, he was in a room that caught fire. Everyone was __13__ afraid to go in because the fire was __14__，so I went in. As I was running toward his bed, I saw a long piece of wood coming down and I placed myself over him trying to protect him. I was knocked __15__ but fortunately, a fireman came in and saved both of us.” She __16__ the burned side of her face. “This scar will be __17__, but to this day, I have never __18__ what I did.”

At this point, the little boy came out running toward his mother with tears in his eyes. He held her in his arms and felt a great __19__ of the sacrifice (牺牲) that his mother had made for him. He held her hand __20__ for the rest of the day.

1. A. enjoyment   B. disappointment  C. surprise    D. excitement

2. A. would     B. could             C. should      D. must

3. A. noticed   B. greeted            C. accepted  D. met

4. A. sick      B. ashamed           C. afraid    D. tired

5. A. included    B. passed          C. covered       D. shaded

6. A. talk about   B. think about C. care about    D. hear about

7. A. impressed  B. surprised    C. excited    D. comforted

8. A. in sight of   B. by means of    C. by way of D. in spite of

9. A. hid   B. protected  C. separated   D. escaped

10. A. understanding    B. reminding   C. hearing   D. learning

11. A. carefully  B. seriously    C. nervously   D. anxiously

12. A. As    B. When     C. Since     D. While

13. A. so     B. much C. quite   D. too

14. A. out of control B. under control C. in control  D. over control

15. A. helpless   B. hopeless    C. senseless  D. useless

16. A. pointed    B. showed    C. wiped   D. touched

17. A. ugly       B. lasting     C. serious     D. frightening

18. A. forgot  B. recognized  C. considered    D. regretted

19. A. honor    B. sense     C. happiness   D. pride

20. A. quietly   B. slightly     C. tightly    D. suddenly