Attention deficit（不足）hyperactivity（活动过度）disorder is known by the letters A．D．H D．Children with A．D．H．D．might have trouble paying attention．They might not seem to listen and might forget things．They might not be able to stay seated or play quietly．They might talk too much and act and speak without thinking about the results of their behavior．These are among the signs named on the web site of America’s Centers for Disease Control and Prevention．

Doctors usually identify the disorder in children．But experts say the behaviors often last into adulthood．Researchers have been looking for the cause or causes of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder．Now, a brain-imaging study offers more evidence that could lead to new ways to treat it．Researchers say they observed shortages in the brain's reward system in patients with A．D．H．D．The study found that levels of some proteins were lower than normal．Nora Volkow, director of the National Institute on Drug Abuse, says the lack of attention and self –control that mark A.B.H.D. could be caused by problem in the flow of dopamine（多巴胺）. She says people might have difficulty completing an activity if they cannot expect some kind of reward in return. Researchers studied the pathways on which dopamine travels and A.D.H.D. Doctor Volkow says the researchers then compared the pathways to those of 44 adults without the disorder. “There was a lower concentration of dopamine markers in the brain of individuals with A.D.H.D., specifically in the areas of the brain that are involved with reward and motivation. And the dopamine levels were directly linked to the severity, of the patient’s inattention she says.”

The study used brain images taken at Brookhaven National Laboratory in new York State. Gene-Jack Wang is chairman of the Brookdhaven medical department. He says the finding might also help explain why people with A.D.H.D.

are more likely to abuse drugs or overeat. He says they might be attempting to increase their dopamine levels to make up for the deficits in their reward system.

阅读下面短文，根据以下提示：1）汉语提示; 2)首字母提示；3）语境提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的英语单词，并将该词完整地写在右边相对应的横线上。所填单词要求意义准确、拼写正确。
Habits, whether good or bad, are gradually formed. When a person
does a certain thing again, he is d________ by an unseen       【小题1】____________
force to ________ the same thing repeatedly; then a habit      【小题2】____________
is formed. O________ a habit is formed, it’s difficult to get rid of it.  【小题3】___________
It’s ________(因此) very important that we pay attention to the forming   【小题4】___________
of habits. Children often form bad habits, some of ________remain with    【小题5】____________
them. Laziness, lying and stealing are all ________ (容易) formed bad  【小题6】____________
habits. There are other habits formed in early life that are of great h_______.    【小题7】____________
Many successful men say much of their success has ________ to do with  【小题8】___________
certain habits in early life, like early ________(起床), honesty and so on.    【小题9】____________
We should k________ from all the bad habits and try to form good ones.    【小题10】___________

.

卷Ⅱ（非选择题共55分）　

　第一节 单词拼写（共10题，每小题1分；满分10分）

据下列句子及所给汉语注释，写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空只写一词）

66. 1. I wonder why Jack hasn’t w_____ to us recently. We should have heard from him by now.

67.There was no lift and we had to climb six f_______（一段楼梯）of stairs.

68.People should wash ______(定期)to ensure personal health.

69.I think you o ____ us an apology for not informing us of the important news in time.

70. He told us that the _______(北部)part of his country had many mountains.

71.We reached our destination, tired and _______（饥饿）.

72.Exercise firms the body, strengthens the muscles, and prevents you from gaining w_____.

73.The whole day we unpacked the boxes, filled the cupboards and tidied, until we were _____(极其)tired.

74. The house is h_______by trees, so it is hard for us to find it .

75. He left his village school and _____（教）himself while working in a factory.

Microsoft founder Bill Gates said that he planned to give away almost all of his vast^① fortune, largely to the cause of global health, during the course of his lifetime. With an estimated^②worth of more than $ 40 billion, according to Forbes, the project will be no small feat^③for Gates. Having already provided the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation with $ 24 billion to address global health issues, Gates said that eventually his entire fortune will be put towards the cause except “a few percent left for the kids.”
So what has made the richest man in the world to channel his resources so heavily into one interest? Gates believes that “the equality of opportunity” in which Americans take such pride needs to extend to other nations around the world. Improving the health of the populations, he says, has proven to be an essential method in helping poor countries to be financially^④ successful. “National borders allow inequalities,” said Gates, “We all need to take a more global view, rather than just saying my country is doing well. We have to step up these health issues, knowing how few resources are going into them.”
Gates said that both his parents set good examples to him as a child. His father, William H. Gates, was the head of the local Planned Parenthood, and his mother, Mary, volunteered for the United Way. As he gathered his fortune, Gates knew he would eventually want to give back as well, but he didn’t expect to devote himself whole-heartedly to one project until he was about 60.
However, Gates, 47, began to question his ability to wait that long. “It seemed there was a real time urgency,” Gates said, “I started to think, how many lives could I save before then?”
Notes:
①    vast  adj. 巨额的
②    estimate  v. 估计，估价
③    feat  n. 功绩，壮举
④    financially  adv. 财政上，金融上
Choose the best answers according to the above:

1. 1.

   Why will Bill Gates give away his vast fortune?

   1. A.
      to improve the health of population in America alone
   2. B.
      to improve the health of population all over the world
   3. C.
      to avoid leaving his children too much money
   4. D.
      to spare the American government the burden of health care
2. 2.

   According to the passage, which of the following is right?

   1. A.
      Americans should care about people in other countries
   2. B.
      Americans should treat fellow citizens well
   3. C.
      Americans should devote themselves to certain projects
   4. D.
      Americans can be world-famous by giving away vast fortune
3. 3.

   Bill Gates gave away his vast fortune earlier than he had expected because of       __.

   1. A.
      his weakening health condition
   2. B.
      his parents’ suggestions
   3. C.
      his great success in business
   4. D.
      his concerns for suffering people
4. 4.

   According to the passage, which word can be used to describe Bill Gates?

   1. A.
      brave
   2. B.
      kind-hearted
   3. C.
      strong-minded
   4. D.
      confident

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。

?????????????????????????? How to Show Respect to Your Coworkers

????? If you want to reduce the stress in your work environment .one of the best things you can do is to show respect to your coworkers. Showing respect will earn you respect. 1.Respect

???? Use your manners. greet coworker as you enter and exit work for the day. Always use "please" . "Thank you" and? "pardon me" . If you do .all of your requests will be seen as just

That and not orders. 2.It means everything from covering your mouth when your mouth when you sneeze or yarn to holding the door or elevator? open ,when you see coworker coming.

Make pleasant small talks ,but don't? go too far with this concept. You do not have to? taik for hours or know everything about your coworker. Generally ,people enjoy and feel more?? comfortable in working environments where they know each other

Lend a helping hand. This doesn't mean? that you have to be a martyr(受苦者),hut? don't always take the "that's not my job" attitude either. H you are having a particularly light day .or you see one of your coworkers drowning in work ,offer to help.? 3.It'll probably make you feel good too。

??? Apologize if you are wrong and be humble. No one likes a show-off . You can talk about??? the good characteristics ,traits and relationships in your life without making people feel like you??? think you are better than they are? 4.Coworkers will take notice.

??? 5.being positive not only lifts your spirits but also lifts the spirits of ,those around you. No one wants to be around someone who is constantly negative always complaining It's just not professional??

A. Manner can be actions as well

B. Speak encouraging word to other.

C. Actually some coworkers don't neecl out respect

D. Your coworker? will appreciate your generous efforts

E. Avoid standing, sitting or talking too close? to someone

F. It also allows you to get to know and befriend your coworkers

G. No one is perfect ,but? what makes up your character is how you handle your mistakes