阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

E

       All areas of the world face a nurses shortage. But the shortage is most severe in developing countries. Many of their nurses move to the more developed nations for better pay, better working conditions and better chances for career development. For example, nearly 2,000 nurses left the Caribbean between 2002 and 2006.

       The Caribbean nations currently have about 1 nurse for every 1,000 people. The ratio(比例) of nurses to population is about 10 times higher in the United States and countries in the European Union(EU). Now, more than 21,000 nurses who trained in the Caribbean are working in the United States, Canada and Britain.

       Gaetan Lafortune is an official of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development(O.E.C.D) in Paris. He says the nurses shortage also affects industrialized countries. He says, “There is concern in most O.E.C.D.countries that the number of nurses is too small to meet the demand. And what is more worrying is that their concern is sort of growing.” Mr Lafortune says a large number of nurses are expected to retire within the next 10 years. At the same time, the health care needs of aging populations are expected to grow, intensifying the shortage of nurses.

       Gaetan Lafortune said, “In the U.S., for instance, some researchers have found that there may be a shortage of close to a million nurses by 2020.” The United States is 1 of the 21 countries in the O.C.E.D. Gaetan Lafortune says in the recent years many of the countries increased their efforts to hire foreign nurses. As a result of that, O.E.C.D. countries were mainly exporting their shortage problem to countries that may have an even greater need for these nurses.

What will be the main causes of the global nurses shortage in the next 10 years?

       a. The demand for nurses will decrease.                    

b. Many nurses will be too old to work.

       c. Many rich countries will hire more foreign nurses. 

d. Nurses are often looked down upon.

       e. Aging populations will increase rapidly

       A. a and b             B. b and c              C. b and e              D. c and d

The underlined word “intensify” in para. 3 means “________”.

       A. strengthen         B. neglect            C. reduce               D. cause

We know from this text that America and the EU countries ______.

       A. refuse to offer equal pay to foreign nurses

       B. have at least one nurse out of 100 people

       C. don’t like to train nurses of their own countries

       D. have more serious nursing problems than the Caribbean nations

What does the text mainly tell us?

       A. Nursing is no longer a worthwhile profession in most countries.

       B. The different attitudes towards nursing in different countries.

       C. Nurses shortage will result in serious consequences.

       D. The health care industry needs more nurses.

All areas of the world face a nurses shortage. But the shortage is most severe in developing countries. Many of their nurses move to the more developed nations for better pay, better working conditions and better chances for career development. For example, nearly 2,000 nurses left the Caribbean between 2002 and 2006.

       The Caribbean nations currently have about 1 nurse for every 1,000 people. The ratio(比例) of nurses to population is about 10 times higher in the United States and countries in the European Union(EU). Now, more than 21,000 nurses who trained in the Caribbean are working in the United States, Canada and Britain.

       Gaetan Lafortune is an official of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development(O.E.C.D) in Paris. He says the nurses shortage also affects industrialized countries. He says, “There is concern in most O.E.C.D.countries that the number of nurses is too small to meet the demand. And what is more worrying is that their concern is sort of growing.” Mr Lafortune says a large number of nurses are expected to retire within the next 10 years. At the same time, the health care needs of aging populations are expected to grow, intensifying the shortage of nurses.

       Gaetan Lafortune said, “In the U.S., for instance, some researchers have found that there may be a shortage of close to a million nurses by 2020.” The United States is 1 of the 21 countries in the O.C.E.D. Gaetan Lafortune says in the recent years many of the countries increased their efforts to hire foreign nurses. As a result of that, O.E.C.D. countries were mainly exporting their shortage problem to countries that may have an even greater need for these nurses.

What will be the main causes of the global nurses shortage in the next 10 years?

       a. The demand for nurses will decrease.                    

b. Many nurses will be too old to work.

       c. Many rich countries will hire more foreign nurses. 

d. Nurses are often looked down upon.

       e. Aging populations will increase rapidly

       A. a and b             B. b and c              C. b and e              D. c and d

The underlined word “intensify” in para. 3 means “________”.

       A. strengthen         B. neglect            C. reduce               D. cause

We know from this text that America and the EU countries ______.

       A. refuse to offer equal pay to foreign nurses

       B. have at least one nurse out of 100 people

       C. don’t like to train nurses of their own countries

       D. have more serious nursing problems than the Caribbean nations

What does the text mainly tell us?

       A. Nursing is no longer a worthwhile profession in most countries.

       B. The different attitudes towards nursing in different countries.

       C. Nurses shortage will result in serious consequences.

       D. The health care industry needs more nurses.

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

TUVALU, a tiny country in the Pacific Ocean, has asked for help as it fears it will be swallowed up by the sea.

Storms and huge waves are a constant threat and none of Tuvalu’s nine little islands is more than five meters above sea level, Salt water is already entering the country’s drinking water supply, as well as damaging plants that produce fruit and vegetable. _____1_____

______2____. Venice, a historic city in Italy best known for its canals, has sunk about 24 cm over the past 100 years. Experts say that it will have sunk another 20-50cm by 2050. A century ago, St. Mark’s Square, the lowest point in the city, flooded about nine times a year, Nowadays, it happens more than 100 times. While Venice is slowly sinking into the mud on which it stands, Tuvalu’s rising sea level is caused by global warming.

The average global temperature has increased by almost 0.5 centigrade degrees over the past century; scientists expect it to rise by extra 1-3 degrees over the next 100 years.

Warmer weather makes glaciers（冰川）melt, adding more water to the ocean. The warmer temperatures also make water expand, so it takes up more space, causing the sea level to rise. The sea level has risen about 10－25 cm in the last 100 years.

__3____. Through burning coal, oil and gas, people have been increasing the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, such as CO₂. This adds to the power of the greenhouse effect, making the planet even warmer.

Many scientists believe that, if the warming is not stopped, there will be huge climate changes. _____4______.

____5_____, the sea will swallow up millions of homes and the world will be flooded with “climate refugees” looking for somewhere to live.

A. The main cause of global warming is human pollution

B. Should this come true

C. Without urgent help, the country’s days are numbered.

D. But Tuvalu is not the first place to face sinking into the sea

E. The sea level could rise by one meter this century

F. people face a lot of pollution

G. much has been done about our planet

The government of Norway is planning to build an unusual storage center on an island in the Arctic Ocean. The place would be large enough to hold about two million seeds. The goal is to present all crops known to scientists. The British magazine New Scientist published details of the plan last month. The structure will be designed to protect the world’s food supply against nuclear war, climate change and other possible threats. It will be built in a mountain on the Norwegian island of Spitsbergen. The mountain is less than one thousand kilometers from the North Pole, the northernmost position on earth.

     An international group called the Global Crop Diversity Trust is working on the project. The director of the group, Cary Fowler, spoke to New Scientist. He said the project would let the world rebuild agriculture if, in his word, “the worst came to the worst”. Norway is expected to start work next year. The project is expected to cost three million dollars. Workers will drill（钻孔） deep in the side of a sandstone mountain. Temperatures in the area never rise above 0??C. The seeds will be protected behind walls a meter thick and high-security door.

     The magazine report says the collection will represent the products of ten thousand years of farming. Most of the seeds at first will e from collections at seed banks in Africa, Asia and Latin America. To last a long time, seeds need to be kept in very low temperatures. Workers will not be present all the time. But they plan to replace the air inside the storage space each winter. Winter temperatures on the island are about eighteen degrees below 0??C. The cold weather would protect the seeds even if the air could not be replaced.

Mr. Fowler says the proposed structure will be the world’s safest gene bank. He says the plant seeds would only be used when all other seeds are gone for some reason. Norway first put forward the idea in the 1980s. But safety concerns delayed the plan. At that time, the Soviet Union was meeting in Rome of the Food and Agriculture Organization.

The project is meant to ______.

    A．increase the world’s food output in the future

    B．carry out some scientific experiments on plant genes

    C．build an exhibition centre of the world’s plant seeds

    D．protect crop seeds from dying out in case of possible disasters

Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the above passage?

    A．The government of Norway will perform the project alone.

    B．Seeds to be collected there were produced ten thousands years ago.

    C．Spitsbergen is chosen because it is free of the nuclear war forever.

    D．Temperature is a major consideration when choosing the storage place.

We can infer from the text that _______.

    A．Norway had meant to build the storage centre about 20 years before.   

B．The storage center will greatly promote world agriculture

    C．People will get newly-developed seeds from the center every year.

    D．There haven’t been any seed storage centres in the world before.

What is probably the best title of the passage?

    A．The Best Place to Store Seeds    

    B．Noah’s Ark（诺亚方舟）of Plant Seeds in Plan

    C．Concerns of World Food Supply  

    D．A New Way to Feed the World

第二节  信息匹配（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

阅读下面应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。请在答卷上的相应位置作答。

首先阅读下面上海世博会期间举行的专题论坛会议信息：

A. Theme Forum1: ICT and Urban Development

The forum includes a plenary session, a Dialogue of Information Innovation and Urban Development and three sub-main forums and four in –depth sessions on key subjects:·ICT and Urban Management·ICT and Industries·ICT and Logistics·ICT and Urban Life·ICT and Education·The forum explores the cities’ future through the development of information and communication technologies, focusing on issues of urban management, urban life and urban integration in the global economic framework.

B. Theme Forum 2: Cultural Heritage and Urban Regeneration

Cultural heritage and urban regeneration are parallel goals in a city’s development roadmap. The Shanghai World Expo seeks to pursue both objectives and give expression to effective practical approaches. Cultural diversity, cultural integration, the preservation and extension of cultural heritage are key dimensions of the cultural aspects that are so vital to the city and its regeneration.

C. Theme Forum 3: Science & Technology Innovation and Urban Future

This Forum will cover topical questions such as: what is the role of science and technology innovation in urban security and sustainable development? How to improve the cities’ overall competitiveness through science and technology innovation? How will science and technology innovation lead us to a better quality of life in the future? Focusing on the different aspects of safety, development, competitiveness, and lifestyle, the different sessions will connect science and technology innovation with the Expo theme of “Better City, Better Life.”

D. Theme Forum 4: Towards a Low-Carbon City: Environmental Protection and Urban Responsibilities

This forum covers a wide range of issues involving urban environmental systems as well as the utilization, protection and governance of the environment. These issues are to be discussed by the government, enterprises from three different levels of responsibility, focusing on serious global and regional environmental problems involving climate change, water pollution, etc. the forum will deliver the message that a more harmonious environment- would make a better city; that a resource-saving and environment-friendly urban development pattern would make our native earth better.

E. Theme Forum 5: Economic Transformations and Urban-Rural Relations

Economic Transformations is a vital proposition in the world economic theory and practice today. More developing countries are confronted with double pressure from both the economic and the industrial structure conversion（转换）, in which the key question is how to realize the transformation from a traditional agricultural society to a modern industrial one. as a country with the largest population, especially the agricultural population, China’s experiences and lessons accumulated from the process of urban and rural development are of referential and research value to the vast developing countries.

F. Theme Forum 6: harmonious City and Livable Life

This forum will debate key issues such as: How to create city that can satisfy the different needs of people’s settled life and achieve the goal of “Better City, Better Life?” the forum will cove three major areas: urban space, urban society and urban environment. It will also present in-depth discussions on the relationship between a livable city and its communities, focusing on the following hot topics: the Harmonious City·Housing Policies and Harmonious Life·Social Policies and the Harmonious City.

下面是五位不同职责的人员，请根据他们的职责匹配合适他们参加的论坛会议。

56．Mr. A

    Studying key issues on promoting economic and social development with science and technology;

57．Mr. B

    Managing the cultural and artistic industry; directing the reform of the cultural system; drawing up the policies on cultural industry; participating in planning and implementing（贯彻）the construction of the civic cultural infrastructure.

58．Mr. C

    Drawing up plans for environmental protection; supervising pollution prevention and ecological protection in key areas and key rivers fixed by central, provincial or municipal government; supervising and managing pollution prevention of water, air, gas, noise, solid waste and poisonous chemicals in the city.

59．Mr. D

    Formulating policies for industrialized agricultural operations; providing guidance to adjust the industrialized agricultural structure; putting forward suggestions on deepening the rural economic restructuring across the city; providing guidance to set up the system of non-government services in agricultural development.

60．Mr. E

    Enforcing state laws, regulations, guidelines and policies related to communications and post telecommunications; assuming medium-and long-term plans of the local communications and telecommunications sectors, as well as their key annual technical renovation projects.