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Judging from recent surveys, most experts in sleep behavior agree that there is virtually an epidemic（流行病） of sleepiness in the nation．“I can’t think of a single study that hasn’t found Americans getting less sleep than they ought to,” says Dr．David．Even people who think they are sleeping enough would probably be better off with more rest．
The beginning of our sleep-deficit（lack）crises can be traced back to the invention of the light bulb a century ago．From diary entries and our personal accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries, sleep scientists have reached the conclusion that the average person used to sleep about 9.5 hours a night．“The best sleep habits once were forced on us, when we had nothing to do in the evening down on the farm, and it was dark．” By the 1950s and 1960s, the sleep schedule had been reduced dramatically, to between 7.5 and 8 hours, and most people had to wake to an alarm clock．“People cheat in their sleep, and they don’t even realize they’re doing it,” says Dr．David．“They think they’re okay because they can get by on 6.5 hours, when they really need 7.5, 8 or even more to feel ideally energetic. ”
Perhaps the most merciless robber of sleep, researches say, is the complexity of the day．Whenever pressures from work, family, friends and community increase, many people consider sleep the least expensive item on their programs．“In our society, you’re considered dynamic if you say you need only 5．5 hours’ sleep．If you’ve got to get 8．5 hours, people think you lack drive and ambition．”
To determine the consequences of sleep-deficit, researchers have put subjects through a set of psychological and performance tests requiring them, for instance, to add columns of numbers or recall a passage read to them only minutes earlier．“We’ve found that if you’re in sleep deficit, performance suffers,” says Dr．David．“Short-term memory is weakened, as are abilities to make decisions and to concentrate．”
61．What is the main topic of the passage?
A. The history of people’s sleeping patterns．
B. The epidemic of sleepiness in the modern times．
C. Research on the causes and consequences of sleep-deficit．
D. The minimum of our sleeping hours．
62．Which of the following is Dr．David’s opinion?
A. People’s metal power suffers if they are lacking in sleep．
B. Some people can remain energetic with only 6．5 hours’ sleep a night．
C. If they get 8．5 hours’ sleep, people will be full of drive and ambition．
D. People who think they are sleeping enough are better off than those who don't．
63．People in the 18th and 19th centuries slept about 9．5 hours a night because _______．
A. they had no electricity
B. they knew what was best for their health
C. they were forced by their parents to do so
D. they were not so dynamic and ambitious as modern people are
64．The major cause of sleep-deficit of modern people is _______．
A. the endless TV programs in the evenings and the internet
B. the heavy work load of the day
C. the sufficient energy modern people usually have
D. loud noises in the modern cities
65．What does the word “subjects” in paragraph 4 mean?
A. Person or thing that is being discussed or described．
B. Branch of knowledge studied in a school．
C. Person or thing being treated in a certain way or being experimented on．
D. Any member of a State apart from the supreme ruler．
查看习题详情和答案>>Judging from recent surveys, most experts in sleep behavior agree that there is virtually an epidemic（流行病） of sleepiness in the nation．“I can’t think of a single study that hasn’t found Americans getting less sleep than they ought to,” says Dr．David．Even people who think they are sleeping enough would probably be better off with more rest．
The beginning of our sleep-deficit（lack）crises can be traced back to the invention of the light bulb a century ago．From diary entries and our personal accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries, sleep scientists have reached the conclusion that the average person used to sleep about 9.5 hours a night．“The best sleep habits once were forced on us, when we had nothing to do in the evening down on the farm, and it was dark．” By the 1950s and 1960s, the sleep schedule had been reduced dramatically, to between 7.5 and 8 hours, and most people had to wake to an alarm clock．“People cheat in their sleep, and they don’t even realize they’re doing it,” says Dr．David．“They think they’re okay because they can get by on 6.5 hours, when they really need 7.5, 8 or even more to feel ideally energetic. ”
Perhaps the most merciless robber of sleep, researches say, is the complexity of the day．Whenever pressures from work, family, friends and community increase, many people consider sleep the least expensive item on their programs．“In our society, you’re considered dynamic if you say you need only 5．5 hours’ sleep．If you’ve got to get 8．5 hours, people think you lack drive and ambition．”
To determine the consequences of sleep-deficit, researchers have put subjects through a set of psychological and performance tests requiring them, for instance, to add columns of numbers or recall a passage read to them only minutes earlier．“We’ve found that if you’re in sleep deficit, performance suffers,” says Dr．David．“Short-term memory is weakened, as are abilities to make decisions and to concentrate．”
61．What is the main topic of the passage?
A. The history of people’s sleeping patterns．
B. The epidemic of sleepiness in the modern times．
C. Research on the causes and consequences of sleep-deficit．
D. The minimum of our sleeping hours．
62．Which of the following is Dr．David’s opinion?
A. People’s metal power suffers if they are lacking in sleep．
B. Some people can remain energetic with only 6．5 hours’ sleep a night．
C. If they get 8．5 hours’ sleep, people will be full of drive and ambition．
D. People who think they are sleeping enough are better off than those who don't．
63．People in the 18th and 19th centuries slept about 9．5 hours a night because _______．
A. they had no electricity
B. they knew what was best for their health
C. they were forced by their parents to do so
D. they were not so dynamic and ambitious as modern people are
64．The major cause of sleep-deficit of modern people is _______．
A. the endless TV programs in the evenings and the internet
B. the heavy work load of the day
C. the sufficient energy modern people usually have
D. loud noises in the modern cities
65．What does the word “subjects” in paragraph 4 mean?
A. Person or thing that is being discussed or described．
B. Branch of knowledge studied in a school．
C. Person or thing being treated in a certain way or being experimented on．
D. Any member of a State apart from the supreme ruler．
查看习题详情和答案>>请阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从36~55各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将选项的标号涂黑。
After winning a big game，athletes are often asked how they feel．Usually athletes say how 36 it is to win this big game．On the contrary，the fact is that losing a big game，or in my case，all the games，can be even harder．
From the spectators’ point of view，last year’s basketball 37 for my high school team was nothing 38 of an embarrassment．And 39 0 and 20 is certainly nothing to be proud of，that season had a bigger impact on me than any other．As a team captain，I knew it probably wouldn’t be the 40 year，but did I ever think we would lose every game？Of course not．Since six of our top players had graduated，it was clear that we were a (n) 41 team who would struggle．The struggle began earlier than expected， 42 ，as our team center was suspended (禁赛) for the season，and two key members decided to 43 for some reason．At this point，dropping out probably passed through every player’s mind，but in the end，we all stuck it out， 44 to work still harder．
Then there came a time when even our 45 had given up on us．Personally，I felt like it was 46 worthwhile giving my all．I thought，if even the coach doesn’t believe in us，why should I？But just as my hope began to 47 ，a teammate called a meeting．He said，“Nobody thinks we are going to win，but，as teammates and friends，we 48 it to each other to go all out every game．”
It was that moment that 49 me how to be a leader．It hit me that I certainly didn’t 50 the role．As a leader you can never quit 51 the team who looks up to you．It is one 52 to be named captain，feel great and go through the motions，but it is quite another to be a real captain and make sure everyone realizes their full 53 all the time．
I am sure it is great to go through without losing and bringing home awards．But in all honesty，I 54 the fact that my team lost every game last year．It may not help me to become a better basketball player，but it already has made me a better leader，and 55 ．
36．A．exciting B．pleasant C．tough D．significant
37．A．game B．event C．league D．season
38．A．short B．full C．lacking D．sufficient
39．A．as B．while C．since D．now that
40．A．most interesting B．dullest C．most difficult D．easiest
41．A．unique B．adventurous C．young D．untrained
42．A．meanwhile B．though C．instead D．somehow
43．A．quit B．stay C．resign D．rest
44．A．hoping B．swearing C．claiming D．wishing
45．A．fans B．classmates C．sponsor D．coach
46．A．only too B．more than C．not a little D．no longer
47．A．fade B．gain C．destroy D．grow
48．A．owe B．think C．demand D．recommend
49．A．reminded B．told C．taught D．guided
50．A．act B．deserve C．play D．take
51．A．with B．alongside C．on D．for
52．A．matter B．aspect C．issue D．thing
53．A．potential B．goal C．enthusiasm D．confidence
54．A．hate B．treasure C．admit D．recognize
55．A．character B．captain C．person D．figure
查看习题详情和答案>>请阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从36~55各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将选项的标号涂黑。
After winning a big game，athletes are often asked how they feel．Usually athletes say how 36 it is to win this big game．On the contrary，the fact is that losing a big game，or in my case，all the games，can be even harder．
From the spectators’ point of view，last year’s basketball 37 for my high school team was nothing 38 of an embarrassment．And 39 0 and 20 is certainly nothing to be proud of，that season had a bigger impact on me than any other．As a team captain，I knew it probably wouldn’t be the 40 year，but did I ever think we would lose every game？Of course not．Since six of our top players had graduated，it was clear that we were a (n) 41 team who would struggle．The struggle began earlier than expected， 42 ，as our team center was suspended (禁赛) for the season，and two key members decided to 43 for some reason．At this point，dropping out probably passed through every player’s mind，but in the end，we all stuck it out， 44 to work still harder．
Then there came a time when even our 45 had given up on us．Personally，I felt like it was 46 worthwhile giving my all．I thought，if even the coach doesn’t believe in us，why should I？But just as my hope began to 47 ，a teammate called a meeting．He said，“Nobody thinks we are going to win，but，as teammates and friends，we 48 it to each other to go all out every game．”
It was that moment that 49 me how to be a leader．It hit me that I certainly didn’t 50 the role．As a leader you can never quit 51 the team who looks up to you．It is one 52 to be named captain，feel great and go through the motions，but it is quite another to be a real captain and make sure everyone realizes their full 53 all the time．
I am sure it is great to go through without losing and bringing home awards．But in all honesty，I 54 the fact that my team lost every game last year．It may not help me to become a better basketball player，but it already has made me a better leader，and 55 ．
36．A．exciting B．pleasant C．tough D．significant
37．A．game B．event C．league D．season
38．A．short B．full C．lacking D．sufficient
39．A．as B．while C．since D．now that
40．A．most interesting B．dullest C．most difficult D．easiest
41．A．unique B．adventurous C．young D．untrained
42．A．meanwhile B．though C．instead D．somehow
43．A．quit B．stay C．resign D．rest
44．A．hoping B．swearing C．claiming D．wishing
45．A．fans B．classmates C．sponsor D．coach
46．A．only too B．more than C．not a little D．no longer
47．A．fade B．gain C．destroy D．grow
48．A．owe B．think C．demand D．recommend
49．A．reminded B．told C．taught D．guided
50．A．act B．deserve C．play D．take
51．A．with B．alongside C．on D．for
52．A．matter B．aspect C．issue D．thing
53．A．potential B．goal C．enthusiasm D．confidence
54．A．hate B．treasure C．admit D．recognize
55．A．character B．captain C．person D．figure
查看习题详情和答案>>Judging from recent surveys, most experts in sleep behavior agree that there is virtually an epidemic（流行病） of sleepiness in the nation．“I can’t think of a single study that hasn’t found Americans getting less sleep than they ought to,” says Dr．David．Even people who think they are sleeping enough would probably be better off with more rest．
The beginning of our sleep-deficit（lack）crises can be traced back to the invention of the light bulb a century ago．From diary entries and our personal accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries, sleep scientists have reached the conclusion that the average person used to sleep about 9.5 hours a night．“The best sleep habits once were forced on us, when we had nothing to do in the evening down on the farm, and it was dark．” By the 1950s and 1960s, the sleep schedule had been reduced dramatically, to between 7.5 and 8 hours, and most people had to wake to an alarm clock．“People cheat in their sleep, and they don’t even realize they’re doing it,” says Dr．David．“They think they’re okay because they can get by on 6.5 hours, when they really need 7.5, 8 or even more to feel ideally energetic. ”
Perhaps the most merciless robber of sleep, researches say, is the complexity of the day．Whenever pressures from work, family, friends and community increase, many people consider sleep the least expensive item on their programs．“In our society, you’re considered dynamic if you say you need only 5．5 hours’ sleep．If you’ve got to get 8．5 hours, people think you lack drive and ambition．”
To determine the consequences of sleep-deficit, researchers have put subjects through a set of psychological and performance tests requiring them, for instance, to add columns of numbers or recall a passage read to them only minutes earlier．“We’ve found that if you’re in sleep deficit, performance suffers,” says Dr．David．“Short-term memory is weakened, as are abilities to make decisions and to concentrate．”
- 1.
What is the main topic of the passage?
- A.The history of people’s sleeping patterns．
- B.The epidemic of sleepiness in the modern times．
- C.Research on the causes and consequences of sleep-deficit．
- D.The minimum of our sleeping hours．
- A.
- 2.
Which of the following is Dr．David’s opinion?
- A.People’s metal power suffers if they are lacking in sleep．
- B.Some people can remain energetic with only 6．5 hours’ sleep a night．
- C.If they get 8．5 hours’ sleep, people will be full of drive and ambition．
- D.People who think they are sleeping enough are better off than those who don't．
- A.
- 3.
People in the 18th and 19th centuries slept about 9．5 hours a night because _______．
- A.they had no electricity
- B.they knew what was best for their health
- C.they were forced by their parents to do so
- D.they were not so dynamic and ambitious as modern people are
- A.
- 4.
The major cause of sleep-deficit of modern people is _______．
- A.the endless TV programs in the evenings and the internet
- B.the heavy work load of the day
- C.the sufficient energy modern people usually have
- D.loud noises in the modern cities
- A.
- 5.
What does the word “subjects” in paragraph 4 mean?
- A.Person or thing that is being discussed or described．
- B.Branch of knowledge studied in a school．
- C.Person or thing being treated in a certain way or being experimented on．
- D.Any member of a State apart from the supreme ruler．
- A.