阅读理解

阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　The World Trade Organization (WTO), founded on January 1,1995, aims to encourage international trade to flow as freely as possible, making sure that trade agreements are respected and that any disputes (争端) can be settled.

　　In the five years since its founding, the WTO has become well - known as one of the world' most powerful economic organizations, taking its place alongside the World Bank and International Monetary (货币的) Fund.

　　The system of global rules for international trade, however, dates back half a century to 1948 when the General Agreement on Tariffs (关税) and Trade (GATT) was formed after World War Ⅱ.

　　As time went by it became clear that the GATT had two major drawbacks - the limited areas of trade it covered, and the lack of an effective system to settle disputes.

　　After seven years of trade talks ending in 1994, the so - called Uruguay Round finally gave birth to the WTO, complete with an effective system to settle disputes and new rules covering trade in services and intellectual property (知识产权).

　　Even after seven years of talks and 22,500 pages of agreements there were still problems, especially the difficult - to - deal with areas of agriculture and services.

　　The WTO, with its head office in Geneva, has 135 members with 30 more waiting to join.

1．From the passage we know that the GATT stopped working ________.

[　　]

A．soon after World War Ⅱ ended

B．just in the year 1994

C．a little more than 50 years after World War Ⅱ

D．seven years before the Uruguay Round talk

2．Compared with the GATT, the WTO ________.

[　　]

A．can do better to settle disputes in more areas of international trade

B．got its members to sign the agreements more easily

C．has got too many areas of international trade to deal with to work effectively

D．didn't pay enough attention to services and intellectual property

3．In the new century the WTO will ________.

[　　]

A．take the place of the World Bank and International Monetary Fund

B．Have new rules covering trade in services and intellectual property

C．make complete new rules in every area of international trade

D．have more members and do much more to settle more problems

4．The underlined word “drawback” probably means ________.

[　　]

5．The best title for the passage is ________.

[　　]

A．WTO-Another Name for GATT

B．WTO-an International Service Organization

C．WTO-One of the World's Strongest Economic Organizations

D．WTO-the World's Most Famous Economic Organization

The World Trade Organization came into existence in the 1990s. It operates a system of trade rules. It serves as a place for nations to settle disagreements and negotiate agreements to reduce trade barriers. The newest of its 150 members, Vietnam, joined in January.
But the roots of the W.T.O. date back to World War Two and the years that followed. In 1944,   the International Monetary(货币的) Conference agreed to create the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank. But they could not agree on an organization to deal with international trade.
Three years later, in 1947, twenty-three nations approved the General Agreement on Tariffs (关税)and Trade, or GATT. It was meant to be temporary. Trade negotiations under GATT were carried out in a series of talks called rounds. The first round lowered import taxes on one-fifth of world trade. Later rounds produced additional cuts, and negotiators added more issues.
The sixth round began in 1963. It was called the Kennedy Round after the murder of President John F. Kennedy. The results included an agreement against trade dumping. This is when one country sells a product in another country at an unfairly low price.
The eighth round of talks began in Punta del Este, Uruguay, in 1986. The Uruguay Round lasted almost twice as long as planned. In all, 123 nations took part in seven-and-a-half years of work. They set time limits for future negotiations. They also agreed to create a permanent system to settle trade disagreements.
In April of 1994, most of those 123 nations signed an agreement. It replaced GATT with the World Trade Organization.
The W.T.O. launched a new round on development issues in Doha, Qatar, in November of 2001. These talks were supposed to end by January of 2005. But negotiators could not agree on issues involving agricultural protections. The current round has been suspended since last July.
61. The WTO got this name in the year _____.
A. 1947          B. 1963          C. 1986             D. 1994
62. Which of the following statements about GATT is NOT true?
A. It was set up after World War II.      B. It was first approved by less than 30 countries.
C. It was a branch of the World Bank.   D. It was meant to improve international trade.
63. What does the underlined sentence in the third paragraph mean?
A. The founders wanted GATT to bring in money.
B. The founders didn’t expect GATT to last long.
C. GATT was ready to change its name at the very beginning.
D. GATT was open for more member countries.
64. What is one of the results of the Uruguay Round?
A. A permanent system was agreed on.    B. It lasted almost eight years.
C. More countries took part in it.         D. More disagreements than expected were settled.
65. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?
A. Why the WTO was Called GATT?     B. WTO Talk Rounds Last Longer
C. A Brief Introduction to the WTO      D. GATT or WTO? A Real Question

C
The World Trade Organization came into existence in the 1990s. It operates a system of trade rules. It serves as a place for nations to settle disagreements and negotiate agreements to reduce trade barriers. The newest of its 150 members, Vietnam, joined in January.
But the roots of the W.T.O. date back to World War Two and the years that followed. In 1944,   the International Monetary(货币的) Conference agreed to create the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank. But they could not agree on an organization to deal with international trade.
Three years later, in 1947, twenty-three nations approved the General Agreement on Tariffs (关税)and Trade, or GATT. It was meant to be temporary. Trade negotiations under GATT were carried out in a series of talks called rounds. The first round lowered import taxes on one-fifth of world trade. Later rounds produced additional cuts, and negotiators added more issues.
The sixth round began in 1963. It was called the Kennedy Round after the murder of President John F. Kennedy. The results included an agreement against trade dumping. This is when one country sells a product in another country at an unfairly low price.
The eighth round of talks began in Punta del Este, Uruguay, in 1986. The Uruguay Round lasted almost twice as long as planned. In all, 123 nations took part in seven-and-a-half years of work. They set time limits for future negotiations. They also agreed to create a permanent system to settle trade disagreements.
In April of 1994, most of those 123 nations signed an agreement. It replaced GATT with the World Trade Organization.
The W.T.O. launched a new round on development issues in Doha, Qatar, in November of 2001. These talks were supposed to end by January of 2005. But negotiators could not agree on issues involving agricultural protections. The current round has been suspended since last July.
66. The WTO got this name in the year _____.
A. 1947    B. 1963   C. 1986   D. 1994
67. Which of the following statements about GATT is NOT true?
A. It was set up after World War II.
B. It was first approved by less than 30 countries.
C. It was a branch of the World Bank.
D. It was meant to improve international trade.
68. What does the underlined sentence in the third paragraph mean?
A. The founders wanted GATT to bring in money.
B. The founders didn’t expect GATT to last long.
C. GATT was ready to change its name at the very beginning.
D. GATT was open for more member countries.
69. What is one of the results of the Uruguay Round?
A. A permanent system was agreed on.
B. It lasted almost eight years.
C. More countries took part in it.
D. More disagreements than expected were settled.
70. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?
A. Why the WTO was Called GATT?
B. WTO Talk Rounds Last Longer
C. A Brief Introduction to the WTO
D. GATT or WTO? A Real Question

The World Trade Organization came into existence in the 1990s. It operates a system of trade rules. It serves as a place for nations to settle disagreements and negotiate agreements to reduce trade barriers. The newest of its 150 members, Vietnam, joined in January.

But the roots of the W.T.O. date back to World War Two and the years that followed. In 1944,   the International Monetary(货币的) Conference agreed to create the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank. But they could not agree on an organization to deal with international trade.

Three years later, in 1947, twenty-three nations approved the General Agreement on Tariffs (关税)and Trade, or GATT. It was meant to be temporary. Trade negotiations under GATT were carried out in a series of talks called rounds. The first round lowered import taxes on one-fifth of world trade. Later rounds produced additional cuts, and negotiators added more issues.

The sixth round began in 1963. It was called the Kennedy Round after the murder of President John F. Kennedy. The results included an agreement against trade dumping. This is when one country sells a product in another country at an unfairly low price.

The eighth round of talks began in Punta del Este, Uruguay, in 1986. The Uruguay Round lasted almost twice as long as planned. In all, 123 nations took part in seven-and-a-half years of work. They set time limits for future negotiations. They also agreed to create a permanent system to settle trade disagreements.

In April of 1994, most of those 123 nations signed an agreement. It replaced GATT with the World Trade Organization.

The W.T.O. launched a new round on development issues in Doha, Qatar, in November of 2001. These talks were supposed to end by January of 2005. But negotiators could not agree on issues involving agricultural protections. The current round has been suspended since last July.

61. The WTO got this name in the year _____.

  A. 1947           B. 1963          C. 1986             D. 1994

62. Which of the following statements about GATT is NOT true?

  A. It was set up after World War II.      B. It was first approved by less than 30 countries.

  C. It was a branch of the World Bank.    D. It was meant to improve international trade.

63. What does the underlined sentence in the third paragraph mean?

  A. The founders wanted GATT to bring in money.

  B. The founders didn’t expect GATT to last long.

  C. GATT was ready to change its name at the very beginning.

  D. GATT was open for more member countries.

64. What is one of the results of the Uruguay Round?

  A. A permanent system was agreed on.    B. It lasted almost eight years.

  C. More countries took part in it.         D. More disagreements than expected were settled.

65. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?

  A. Why the WTO was Called GATT?     B. WTO Talk Rounds Last Longer

  C. A Brief Introduction to the WTO      D. GATT or WTO? A Real Question