People from East Asia tend to have more difficulty than those from Europe in distinguishing facial expressions — and a new report published online in Current Biology explains why.

Rachael Jack, University of Glasgow researcher, said that rather than scan evenly(均匀的) across a face as Westerners do, Easterners fix their attention on the eyes.

"We show that Easterners and Westerners look at different face features to read facial expressions," Jack said. "Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, whereas Easterners favor the eyes and neglect (忽略) the mouth."

According to Jack and her colleagues, the discovery shows that human communication of emotion is more complex than previously believed. As a result, facial expressions that had been considered universally recognizable cannot be used to reliably convey emotion in cross-cultural situations.

The researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral. They compared how accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies.

It turned out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made significantly more errors than did Westerners. "The cultural difference in eye movements that they show is probably a reflection of cultural difference in facial expressions," Jack said. "Our data suggests that whereas Westerners use the whole face to convey emotion, Easterners use the eyes more and mouth less."

In short, the data show that facial expressions are not universal signals of human emotion. From here on, examining how cultural factors have diversified these basic social skills will help our understanding of human emotion. Otherwise, when it comes to communicating emotions across cultures, Easterners and Westerners will find themselves lost in translation.

1.What were the people asked to do in the study?

A．To make a face at each other.

B．To get their faces impressive.

C．To classify (分类) some face pictures.

D．To observe the researchers' faces

2.What does the underlined word "they" in Paragraph 6 refer to?

A．The participants in the study.               B．The researchers of the study.

C．The errors made during the study.           D．The data collected from the study.

3.In comparison(比较) with Westerners, Easterners are likely to         .

A．do translation more successfully

B．study the mouth more frequently

C．examine the eyes more attentively

D．read facial expressions more correctly

4.What can be the best title for the passage?

A．The Eye as the Window to the Soul

B．Cultural Differences in Reading Emotions

C．Effective Methods to Develop Social Skills

D．How to Increase Cross-cultural Understanding

第二节：完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21—40各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。
I will never forget the year I was about twelve years old. My mother told us that we would not be   21   Christmas gifts because there was not enough money. I felt sad and thought, "What would I say when the other kids asked what I'd   22   ?" Just when I started to   23  that there would not be a Christmas that year, three women  24   at our house with gifts for all of us. For me they brought a doll. I felt such a sense of  25   that I would no longer have to be embarrassed when I returned to school. I wasn't   26  . Somebody had thought   27   of me to bring me a gift.
Years later, when I stood in the kitchen of my new house, thinking how I wanted to make my   28   Christmas there special and memorable, I   29   remembered the women's visit. I decided that I wanted to create that same feeling of   30   for as many children as I could possibly reach.
So I   31   a plan and gathered forty people from my company to help. We gathered about 125 orphans (孤儿) at the Christmas party. For every child, we wrapped colorful packages filled with toys, clothes, and school supplies,   32   with a child's name. We wanted all of them to know they were.  33  . Before I called out their names and handed them their gifts, I   34   them that they couldn't open their presents   35   every child had come forward. Finally the   36   they had been waiting for came as I called out, "One, two, three. Open your presents!" As the children opened their packages, their faces beamed and their bright smiles   37   up the room. The   38  in the room was obvious, and   39   wasn't just about toys. It was a feeling — the feeling I knew   40   that Christmas so long ago when the women came to visit. I wasn't forgotten. Somebody thought of me. I matter.
21. A. sending          B. receiving          C. making            D. exchanging
22. A. found           B. prepared           C. got               D. expected
23. A. doubt           B. hope              C. suggest            D. accept
24. A. broke in         B. settled down        C. turned up          D. showed off
25. A. relief           B. loss               C. achievement        D. justice
26. A. blamed         B. loved              C. forgotten           D. affected
27. A. highly          B. little              C. poorly             D. enough
28. A. present         B. first                C.. recent            D. previous
29. A. hardly          B. instantly            C. regularly          D. occasionally
30. A. strength        B. independence         C. importance        D. safety
31. A. kept up with     B. caught up with       C. came up with       D. put up with
32. A. none           B. few               C. some              D. each
33. A. fine            B. special              C. helpful            D. normal
34. A. reminded       B. guaranteed           C. convinced          D. promised
35. A. after           B. until                C. when              D. since
36. A. chance         B. gift                 C. moment            D. reward
37. A. lit             B. took                C. burned             D. cheered
38. A. atmosphere      B. sympathy           C. calmness           D. joy
39. A. it              B. such               C. something          D. everybody
40. A. by             B. till                C. for                D. from

It was the last day of the final examination in a large eastern university. On the steps of one building, a group of students were talking about the exam that was going to begin in a few   41  .On their faces was confidence（信心）.This was their   42   exam—then they would graduate and begin to work.

Some talked of jobs they already had, others talked of jobs they   43  get. With the certainty of four years of college, they felt 44  and able to take control（控制）of the world.

The coming exam, they knew, would be a(n)   45  task, as the professor had said they could bring  46  books or notes they wanted, requesting only that they did not  47  each other during the test.

  48  they entered the classroom. The professor passed out the papers. And smiles  49  on the students’ faces as they found there were only five questions.

Three hours had passed 50 the professor began to collect papers. The students no longer looked confident. On their faces was a frightened expression. Papers in hand, no one spoke as the professor faced the class.

He looked at the  51  faces before him, and then asked: “How many completed all five questions?”   52  a hand was raised.

“How many answered four?” Still no hand.

“Three? Two?” The students moved restlessly in their seats.

“One, then? Certainly somebody finished  53  .” But the class remained silent.

The professor put down the papers. “That is exactly what I   54  ,” he said. “I just want you to know that, although you have completed four years of study, there are 55  many things about the   56  you don’t know. These questions you could not answer are relatively common（普遍）in everyday  57  .” Then, smiling, he added, “You will all  58  this course, but remember—even though you are now college graduates, your education had just  59  .”

The years have weakened the name of the professor, but not the  60 he taught.

A. seconds   B. minutes      C. hours  D. days

A. only B. first    C. very    D. last

A. would     B. must   C. had to D. used to

A. glad B. ready  C. sorry   D. nice

A. interesting      B. necessary    C. easy    D. unusual

A. no    B. neither       C. any     D. some

A. listen to   B. look at       C. care for      D. talk to

A. Hardly    B. Happily      C. Anxiously   D. Carefully

A. appeared  B. changed     C. failed  D. stopped

A. then      B. as       C. before D. after

A. pleased  B. worried      C. surprised    D. moved

A. Not       B. Once   C. Only   D. Even

A. all  B. none   C. one     D. it

A. wondered      B. enjoyed      C. hated  D. expected

A. even      B. already       C. so       D. still

A. exam     B. subject       C. question     D. college

A. exercise B. class   C. practice      D. homework

A. pass       B. fail     C. take    D. start

A. begun    B. completed  C. failed  D. succeeded

A. subject   B. questions    C. lecture       D. things

After two classes, I started to recognize several of the faces in each class. There was always someone braver than the others who would introduce themselves and ask me questions about how I was liking Forks. I tried to be diplomatic, so mostly I just lied a lot to appear to be skilled at dealing with people. At least I never needed the map.

One girl sat next to me in both Trig and Spanish, and she walked with me to the cafeteria for lunch. She was tiny, several inches shorter than my five feet four inches, but her wildly curly dark hair made up a lot of the difference between our heights. I couldn't remember her name, so I smiled and nodded as she gossiped about teachers and classes. I didn't try to keep up.

We sat at the end of a full table with several of her friends, who she introduced to me. I forgot all their names as soon as she spoke them. They seemed impressed by her bravery in speaking to me. The boy from English, Eric, waved at me from across the room.

It was there, sitting in the lunchroom, trying to make conversation with seven curious strangers, that I first saw them.

They were sitting in the corner of the cafeteria, as far away from where I sat as possible in the long room. There were five of them. They weren't talking, and they weren't eating, though they each had a tray of untouched food in front of them. They weren't staring at me, unlike most of the other students, so it was safe to stare at them without fear of meeting an over interested pair of eyes. But it was none of these things that caught and held my attention.

I stared because their faces, so different, so similar, were all extremely, inhumanly beautiful. They were faces you never expected to see except perhaps on the airbrushed pages of a fashion magazine, or painted by an old master as the face of an angel. It was hard to decide who was the most beautiful -- maybe the perfect blond girl, or the bronze-haired boy.

What does the underlined word “diplomatic” mean?

       A. smooth                    B. clever                      C. honest                      D. delight

From the passage, we can infer that _______________.

       A. “I” was really liking the new place.

       B. “I” was not interested in what the girl said.

       C. “I” had a bad memory, so it’s hard to remember names.

       D. “I” was good at making friends.

According to the last two paragraphs, why did “they” catch “my” attention?

       A. Because “they” weren’t talking.

       B. Because “they” sat in the corner.

       C. Because “they” didn’t eat the food.

D. Because “they” looked incredibly beautiful.

According to the passage, which statement is NOT true?

       A. The girl walked with “me” was a little short.

       B. “I” saw the five students for the first time.

       C. Those students sitting in the corner had finished their food.

       D. “I” probably wanted to know more about those five students.

第二节完型填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
“Two books per visit per week,” said the unsmiling librarian as she handed a library card. Neither the limits nor her attitude   16   me, a 9 – year – old Jewish girl growing up in Berlin in the 1950s. I needed those visits. The books were filled with stories in which, however   17  things seemed, everything   18   well in the end,   19   justice, bravery, and wisdom –--- a striking contrast (对比) to my everyday experiences.
Thirty years later, I, a recent immigrant to the US with a daughter aged 13, stood in front of another librarian. This librarian was   20  .
“What did she say?” I asked my daughter, who already knew a little English and often   21  as my interpreter.
“She said ‘Can I help you?’”
“Ask if they have any books in   22  ,” I requested.
“No, they don’t.” translated my daughter.
While hunting for a job, I was told that the library needed people to   23   books. The interview was short –--- the job didn’t require much English, just a   24   of the alphabet. I started the next day. Every day, I handled hundreds of books whose meaning was   25   from me, mentally dividing them by size and color. One day, while shelving, I found English for Beginners and began studying it on my own.   26   English letters started forming words I could   27  , words combined into phrases, and –--- oh,   28  ! –-- I was reading. It was a slow process, supported by dictionaries and   29  by tears, but it was progress. Afterwards I got promoted to the front desk -----   30   books in and out and answering simple questions.
Every day I receive dozens of people. Sometimes I spot new immigrants. They come from all over the world, so they look different, but the hesitant expression on their faces and their   31   manners are similar. My heart goes out to them,   32   they are people like me. I fully understand the   33   roads on which they have stepped. “They’ve come to the right place,” I think to   34  . Then I smile and say – just the   35   a librarian said to me a long time ago –--- “Can I help you?”
16．A．surprised  B．comforted C．puzzled     D．shocked
17．A．attractive  B．dull      C．terrible     D．strange
18．A．went out   B．turned out C．ended in   D．came up
19．A．rewarding B．affecting   C．completing       D．denying
20．A．chatting    B．staring      C．reading     D．smiling
21．A．introduced       B．instructed  C．guided      D．served
22．A．Spanish    B．French      C．Russian     D．German
23．A．shelve      B．register     C．record      D．mark
24．A．list       B．knowledge       C．line   D．competence
25．A．vague       B．simple      C．hidden      D．clear
26．A．All of a sudden       B．In no time C．Step by step     D．Now and then
27．A．recognize  B．realize      C．define       D．interpret
28．A．challenge  B．wonder     C．opportunity      D．news
29．A．inspired    B．accompanied    C．blocked    D．excited
30．A．checking   B．classifying       C．borrowing D．lending
31．A．rough       B．elegant     C．polite       D．shy
32．A．though     B．until     C．for    D．unless
33．A．difficult    B．smooth     C．endless     D．straight
34．A．me       B．myself      C．them D．themselves
35．A．means      B．approach   C．method     D．way