摘要: A. begin B. start C. finish D. end

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Chinese students aren’t the only ones who have a sleep loss problem. In Australia, teenagers are also missing out on, on average, one hour’s sleep every night during the school week.   Organized activities and homework push bedtimes later, the first large-scale Australian study of children’s sleeping habits has revealed (显示). Their sleep deprivation (剥夺)is enough to cause “serious drop-offs in school performance, attention and memory”, and governments should consider later or flexible school start times, said the study’s leader, Tim Olds.

His survey, of more than 4,000 children aged 9 to 18, found those who slept least did not watch more television but spent their time socializing (相处)with family or friends or listening to music. “Almost all children get up at 7 or 7:15 — they have to get to school on time,” said Olds. He favors a later start over an earlier finish because he believes organized sports and activities would still consume the latter end of the day.

Olds’ research also establishes lack of sleep as a cause of weight gain in children, and a possible source of future problems with depression, anxiety and increased susceptibility (易感性) to illness.

 It was already known that overweight children sleep less, but Professor Olds found sleep duration (时长) was strongly linked to weight across the full range of body sizes. The thinnest children sleep 20 minutes more than the obese. This showed being overweight had no specific effect on sleep patterns, and it was more likely that shorter sleep times stimulate (刺激) appetite and make kids hungry.

The US National Sleep Foundation says teenagers aged 13 to 18 need eight to nine hours’ sleep a night. Younger school-aged kids need 9 to 11 hours.

On that basis, Professor Olds said, half of Australian children are under-sleeping on weekdays and a quarter on weekends.

1.The Australian students surveyed don’t sleep enough because they spend more time on the following EXCEPT _____.

  A.organized activities and homework

B.communication with friends and family

C.watching television programs

D.enjoying music 

2.What effects does lack of sleep directly have on the students according to the survey?

A.They become overweight but begin to eat less than before.

B.They feel more depressed and anxious about their school work.

C.They are more likely to be affected with illness in the future.

D.They pay less attention in class and their memory declines.

3.Which of the following suggestions did Mr. Olds raise?

A.The students should go to bed earlier to have longer sleeping time.

B.The students should participate less in organized activities.

C.The school should put off the start time in the morning.

  D.The school should finish earlier in the afternoon.

4.What does "obese" in the sixth paragraph mean?

A.average           B.fat           C. sleepless           D. overeating

5.Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A.Australian students usually take part in activities in the afternoon.

B.More students are short of sleep on weekends than on weekdays.

C.Being overweight has an effect on the length of the sleeping time.

D.The survey suggests that teenagers need 8-9 hours’ sleep a night.

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  The young man arrived on the Massachusetts beach early carrying a radio, a shovel, and a strange set of tools:a brick layer’s trowel, a palette knife, spatulas, spoons, and a spray bottle.

  He walked down near the water-the tide was out-put down the radio and tuned it to soft rock.Then he shoveled wet sand into a pile nearly four feet high and as many feet across.Then he created a rectangular(长方形的)shape.

  After that, he set to work with palette knife, spatulas, and spoons.He shaped a graceful tower, topped walls, fashioned beautiful bay windows, and carved out big front gate.

  The man knew his sand.He smoothly finished some surfaces and embroidered(雕刻)artistic designs on others.As the shapes began to dry, he gently kept them slightly wet with water from the spray bottle, in case they might break in the wind.

  All this took hours.People gathered.At last he stood back, obviously satisfied with a castle worthy of the Austrian countryside or Disneyland.

  Then he gathered his tools and radio and moved them up to drier sand.He had known for a while what many in the rapt(全神贯注的)crowd still overlooked:the tide was coming in.Not only had he practiced his art with confidence and style, he had done so against a powerful, immutable(不可抗拒的)deadline.

  As the crowd looked on, water began to lap at the base of the castle.In minutes it was surrounded.Then the rising flood began to eat into the base, walls fell, the tower fell, and finally the gate’s arch fell.More minutes passed, and small waves erased bay windows and battlements-soon no more than a small part was left.

  Many in the crowd looked terribly sad; some voiced fears and discouragement.But the sculptor(雕塑家)remained calm.He had, after all, had a wonderful day, making beauty out of nothing, and watching it return to nothing as time and tide moved on.

(1)

In this selection, why did the sculptor start early in the day?

[  ]

A.

He knew the tide was out in the morning.

B.

It gave time for the crowd to gather.

C.

He needed the sun to help dry the sand.

D.

It was easier to begin with only a few people around.

(2)

Which of the following best shows that the sculptor was an expert?

[  ]

A.

He attracted a large crowd.

B.

He created beautiful details.

C.

He was able to finish his work.

D.

He showed satisfaction on his face.

(3)

In this selection, what does the incoming tide signal?

[  ]

A.

It is time to begin working.

B.

It is the busiest time of the day.

C.

It is the end of a day’s work.

D.

It is time for lookers-on to leave.

(4)

How did the lookers-on react when the tide began to come in?

[  ]

A.

They tried to save the sand castle.

B.

They were disappointed to see the art ruined.

C.

They were nervous about their own belongings.

D.

They helped the artist finish the castle.

(5)

The reader can tell that the sculptor’s reward for his work is ________

[  ]

A.

payment for his work

B.

attention from the crowd

C.

fame as an artist

D.

personal satisfaction

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阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中,选出最佳选项。

A

Imagine landing in a foreign country where you cannot speak the language, understand the culture and don’t know anybody. Wouldn’t it be nice to have a friend who could help you out?

John Smith, an English explorer who landed in America in 1607, found the best friend ever. She was a Native American named Pocahontas (1595-1617). And she did more than teach Smith the language: she saved his life, twice.

Smith was captured by members of Pocahontas’s tribe (部落) and was going to be killed. But for some reason, the Chief’s daughter, Pocahontas, felt sorry for Smith (who was probably the first white man she had ever seen) and threw her body over his to protect him. Smith returned safely to the small village he was living in.

During the winter the English settlers did not know how to get food from nature. Pocahontas often brought food for Smith and his friends.

A year later Pocahontas’s father tried to kill Smith again because the Native Americans were very scared the English would try to take over their land. Pocahontas warned him and he was able to escape.

Later she became a Christian and eventually married an Englishman named John Rolfe.

She spent the last year of her life in London.

Pocahontas has become an American legend (传奇). Her life story has been re-created in many books and films, including Disney’s 1995 film, Pocahontas.

One of the reasons she is so popular is that many Europeans look at Pocahontas as an excellent example of how a minority can adjust into the majority. Pocahontas is also respected because of her selfless love. She proved that people can be kind and loving even to people of a different race or culture. John Smith was very different from Pocahontas but she could see he was a good man and that was all that mattered. No race or country owns goodness, love and loyalty.

1.What difficulties might early European settlers meet in America EXCEPT ______?

A. the fierce conflict with Native Americans

B. bad-tempered natives who enjoyed killing

C. unfamiliarity with a foreign land

D. lack of food in winter

2.Pocahontas saved John Smith twice because ______.

A. he was the first white man she had ever seen in her life

B. she wanted to become a Christian and marry an Englishman

C. she believed in general kindness even to people of a different race

D. she was on the settlers’ side and against her cruel father

3.Which is NOT an element to make Pocahontas a legend?

A. Her tribal background and her marriage to a white settler.

B. Her selfless help to people regarded as enemy of her tribe.

C. Her complicated life story different from common people’s.

D. The recreation of her life story in the 1995 Disney film.

4.According to the text, Europeans think Pocahontas _____.

A. was brave to break away from her own tribe

B. set a good example for other natives to accept the white settlers

C. was a selfless Christian who can love her enemy

D. was open to a more advanced culture

5.What can we infer from the passage?

A. The battles between early settlers and Native Americans resulted from their               fighting for land.

B. The Europeans think the early settlers should have learned to adjust to the local cultures.

C. The creation of America is based on the settlers’ victory over the Native  Americans.

D. People from different cultures can never really get along well with each other.

B

Chinese students aren’t the only ones who have a sleep loss problem. In Australia, teenagers are also missing out on, on average, one hour’s sleep every night during the school week.

Organized activities and homework push bedtimes later, the first large-scale Australian study of children’s sleeping habits has revealed (显示). Their sleep deprivation (剥夺) is enough to cause “serious drop-offs in school performance, attention and memory”, and governments should consider later or flexible school start times, said the study’s leader, Tim Olds.

 His survey, of more than 4,000 children aged 9 to 18, found those who slept least did not watch more television but spent their time socializing (相处) with family or friends or listening to music.

“Almost all children get up at 7 or 7:15 — they have to get to school on time,” said Olds. He favors a later start over an earlier finish because he believes organized sports and activities would still consume the latter end of the day.

Olds’research also establishes lack of sleep as a cause of weight gain in children, and a possible source of future problems with depression, anxiety and increased susceptibility (易感性) to illness.

It was already known that overweight children sleep less, but Professor Olds found sleep duration (时长) was strongly linked to weight across the full range of body sizes. The thinnest children sleep 20 minutes more than the obese. This showed being overweight had no specific effect on sleep patterns, and it was more likely that shorter sleep times stimulate (刺激) appetite and make kids hungry.

The US National Sleep Foundation says teenagers aged 13 to 18 need eight to nine hours’ sleep a night. Younger school-aged kids need 9 to 11 hours.

On that basis, Professor Olds said, half of Australian children are under-sleeping on weekdays and a quarter on weekends.

6. The Australian students surveyed don’t sleep enough because they spend more time on the following EXCEPT _____.

A. organized activities and homework

B. communication with friends and family

C. watching television programs

D. enjoying music 

7. What effects does lack of sleep directly have on the students according to the survey?

A. They become overweight but begin to eat less than before.

B. They feel more depressed and anxious about their school work.

C. They are more likely to be affected with illness in the future.

D. They pay less attention in class and their memory declines.

8. Which of the following suggestions did Mr. Olds raise?

A. The students should go to bed earlier to have longer sleeping time.

B. The students should participate less in organized activities.

C. The school should put off the start time in the morning.

D. The school should finish earlier in the afternoon.

9. What does "obese" in the sixth paragraph mean?

A. average      B. fat     C. sleepless   D. overeating

10. Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. Australian students usually take part in activities in the afternoon.

B. More students are short of sleep on weekends than on weekdays.

C. Being overweight has an effect on the length of the sleeping time.

D. The survey suggests that teenagers need 8-9 hours’ sleep a night.

C

By day he is just a normal cat but when the lights go out, he glows (发光) in the dark.

Scientists have genetically modified (更改) a cat as part of an experiment that could lead to treatments for diseases.

Named Mr. Green Genes, he looks like a six-month-old cat but, under ultraviolet (紫外线的) light, his eyes, gums (牙龈) and tongue glow green. That is the result of a genetic experiment at the Audubon Center for Research of Endangered Species in New Orleans, US.

Mr. Green Genes is the first fluorescent (荧光的) cat in the US and probably the world, said Betsy Dresser, the center's director.

The researchers made him so they could learn whether a gene could be introduced harmlessly into a cat's genetic sequence (次序).

If so, it would be the first step in a process that could lead to the development of ways to treat diseases via gene therapy (治疗).

The gene, which was added to Mr. Green Genes' DNA, has no effect on his health, Ms Dresser said.

Cats are ideal for this project because their genetic makeup is similar to that of humans, said Dr Martha Gomez, a scientist at the center.

To show that the gene went where it was supposed to go, the researchers settled on one that would glow.

The gene "is just a marker",said Leslie Lyons, an assistant professor at the University of California, Davis. Lyons is familiar with the center's work.

 "The glowing part is the fun part," she said.

 Glowing creatures made international news earlier this month when the Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to three scientists who had discovered the gene through their work with jellyfish (水母).

11.Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?

A. A Glowing Cat                  B. Mr. Green Genes

C. One Cat’s Life                  D. An experiment on cats

12. What can we conclude from the passage?

A. Fortunately, scientists have found ways to treat diseases via gene therapy.

B. Scientists think cats’ genetic makeup is the same as that of human beings.

C. Three scientists who had discovered the gene were given Nobel Prize in  Physics.

D. Scientists have managed to introduce a gene into a cat’s genetic sequence.               

13. What does “settled on” most probably mean in Paragraph 9?

A. chose         B. killed        C. took          D. raised

14. From the passage we can see that ____.

A. Mr. Green Genes was made by researchers to treat diseases

B. the cat named Mr. Green Genes can glow when it is dark

C. Mr. Green Genes is the first fluorescent cat in the world

D. Mr. Green Genes is a cat of seven months old up to now

15. Which of the following is WRONG according to the text?

A. The gene added to Mr. Green Genes’ DNA doesn’t affect its health at all.

B. The scientists came up with the idea of the glowing genes totally for fun.

C. Earlier this month glowing creatures became news all through the world.

D. Scientists had discovered the gene from the jellyfish they worked with.

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People always say that the earlier one learns a language, the     it is to do so, in theory it is that,      , in my opinion, that refers to spoken language. Capability(能力) to practice some essential(基本的)     of a language and read between the lines can only be trained through proper reading ways and hard work     .So spending money to help      learn English may     up with disappointment. It is likely that the more you     ,the more you are let down.

The daughter of one of my friends     English in primary school,     her foreign teacher’s blindness     psychology. She did not want to go on     English until middle school,     a college student studying English slowly     her interest in the language.

It is better to have the child learn Chinese than to have some difficulty     learning English for several years. Having been engaged in English education,     find that despite(尽管) their excellent     , many students have     command of English words and phrases. So I suggest that children

     classical Chinese prose(散文),rather than     them to learn English hurriedly. Otherwise, they may let go the best time to    the language ability of their mother tongue.

1.A. easy            B. difficult          C. easier                         D. more difficult

2.A. but                 B. however          C. though             D. yet

3.A. opinions              B. regards           C. requests                        D. expressions

4.A. directly            B. orally                  C. properly                D. indirectly

5.A. people                          B. girls              C. children                         D. boys

6.A. begin                            B. start              C. finish               D. end

7.A. pay            B. get              C. buy              D. take

8.A. loved                   B. liked              C. disliked                         D. learned

9.A. because of                   B. because            C. instead of              D. instead

10.A. of                      B. at                           C. in             D. to

11.A. learning            B. to learn            C. with learning              D.for learning

12.A. while                    B. where             C. when                           D. as

13.A. introduced                B. practiced           C. explained                       D. developed

14.A. in              B. to                       C. at               D. of

15.A. He                     B. I                             C. She                      D. They

16.A. pronunciation  B. phrase              C. language             D. writing

17.A. few          B. less               C. little              D. fewer

18.A. write                           B. do                  C. remember               D. memorize

19.A. have                 B. let                 C. cause              D. make

20.A. study                           B. improve              C. learn                       D. master

 

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完形填空。
     People always say that the earlier one learns a language, the    1    it is to do so, in theory it is that,  
   2    , in my opinion, that refers to spoken language. Capability (能力) to practice some essential (基
本的)    3   of a language and read between the lines can only be trained through proper reading ways
and hard work    4  . So spending money to help     5    learn English may    6    up with disappointment.
It is likely that the more you    7   , the more you are let down.
    The daughter of one of my friends   8    English in primary school,    9    her foreign teacher's blindness
   10    psychology. She did not want to go on    11    English until middle school,   12   a college student
studying English slowly    13    her interest in the language.
     It is better to have the child learn Chinese than to have some difficulty    14    learning English for
several years. Having been engaged in English education,    15    find that despite(尽管) their excellent 
   16    , many students have    17    command of English words and phrases. So I suggest that children 
  18    classical Chinese prose(散文),rather than   19   them to learn English hurriedly. Otherwise, they
may let go the best time to  20  the language ability of their mother tongue.
(     )1. A. easy          
(     )2. A. but            
(     )3. A. opinions      
(     )4. A. step by step  
(     )5. A. people        
(     )6. A. begin          
(     )7. A. pay            
(     )8. A. loved          
(     )9. A. because of    
(     )10. A. of            
(     )11. A. learning      
(     )12. A. while        
(     )13. A. introduced    
(     )14. A. in            
(     )15. A. He            
(     )16. A. pronunciation
(     )17. A. few          
(     )18. A. write        
(     )19. A. have          
(     )20. A. study        
B. difficult    
B. however      
B. regards      
B. right away  
B. girls        
B. start        
B. get          
B. liked        
B. because      
B. at          
B. to learn    
B. where        
B. practiced    
B. to          
B. I            
B. phrase      
B. less        
B. do          
B. let          
B. improve      
C. easier      
C. though      
C. requests    
C. at once      
C. children    
C. finish      
C. buy          
C. disliked    
C. instead of  
C. in          
C. with learning
C. when        
C. explained    
C. at          
C. She          
C. language    
C. little      
C. remember    
C. cause        
C. learn        
D. more difficult
D. yet          
D. expressions  
D. quickly      
D. boys          
D. end          
D. take          
D. learned      
D. instead      
D. to            
D. for learning  
D. as            
D. developed    
D. of            
D. They          
D. writing      
D. fewer        
D. memorize      
D. make          
D. Master        
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