A private group of scientists has announced plans to make an exact copy of a human being. An American member of the team says he and  the others will soon begin a serious effort to clone humans. Panos Zavos says the team hopes to manufacture the world’s first cloned baby within the next two years.
In recent years, scientists have produced exact genetic copies of sheep and a few other animals. They created these clones from a single cell of an adult animal.
Three years ago, another American doctor, Richard Seed, announced plans to clone a human being. However, there is no evidence that he has been successful.
Doctor Zavos says the new international group plans to offer human cloning only to women who are currently not able to become pregnant or produce children. He says the aim is to assist people who want to have their own biological child.
The technology would be similar to that used to clone animals. It would involve cleaning genetic material from a woman’s egg. Doctors then would place genetic material from the woman’s husband into the egg before putting it into the woman’s uterus(子宫).
Doctor Zavos says his group plans to do the work in a country near the Mediterranean Sea. He did not name the country. He says an Italian reproductive expert, Sevorino Antinori, is leading the team. Doctor Antinori has led the efforts to help many older women become pregnant. He is known for establishing pregnancies in women as old as sixty.
Many medical experts and other groups are opposed to the idea of cloning humans. Several countries ban or restrict work on human cloning. Several doctors criticize the announcement by Doctor Zavos. They say doctors do not know if cloning humans is possible or safe. They say it would be irresponsible to attempt to clone a human being. That is because the chances of success are too small and the risks are too great.
【小题1】The underlined word “manufacture” in the first paragraph  means “_________”.

Men and women are still treated unequally in the workplace. Women continue to earn less, on average, for the same performance. Research has shown that both conscious(有意识的) and subconscious biases (偏见) contribute to this problem. But we’ve discovered another source of inequality: Women often don’t get what they want and deserve because they don’t ask for it. In three separate studies, we found that men are more likely than women to negotiate for what they want.

The first study found that the starting salaries of male MBAs who had recently graduated from Carnegie Mellon were 7.6%, or almost $4,000, higher on average than those of female MBAs from the same program. That’s because most of the women had simply accepted the employer’s salary offer; in fact, only 7% had attempted to negotiate. But 57% of their male counterparts--or eight times as many men as women—had asked for more.

Another study tested this gender difference in the lab. Subjects were told that they would be observed playing a word game and that they would be paid between $3 and $10 for playing. After each subject completed the task, an experimenter thanked the participant and said, “Here’s $3. Is $3 OK?” For the men, it was not OK, and they said so. Their requests for more money are nine times as many as the women’s.

The largest of the three studies surveyed several hundred people over the Internet, asking them about the most recent negotiations they’d attempted or started and when they expected to negotiate next. The study showed that men place themselves in negotiation situations much more often than women do.

There are several reasons accounting for the phenomenon. First, women often are taught from an early age not to promote their own interests and to focus instead on the needs of others. The messages girls receive—from parents, teachers, other children, the media, and society in general—can be so powerful that when they grow up they may not realize that they’ve made this behavior part of them, or they may realize it but not understand how it affects their willingness to negotiate. Women tend to think that they will be recognized and rewarded for working hard and doing a good job. Unlike men, they haven’t been taught that they can ask for more.

1.According to this passage, what causes the inequality in the workplace?

A. social bias

B. women’s poorer working ability

C. women’s worse academic background

D. women’s less negotiating

2.Which can be the result of the following survey, according to Para 4?

When do you expect to negotiate next?

3.Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A. Women are more likely to accept the employer’s salary offer.

B. Men tend to ask for more money than woman.

C. Women care more about other’s interest instead of themselves’.

D. Men believe that the better they work, the better they’re paid.

4.What will be discussed in the following paragraph?

A. The suggestions given to women.

B. The warnings to men.

C. Another reason for women’s not asking.       

D. Another reason for men’s asking.

A private group of scientists has announced plans to make an exact copy of a human being. An American member of the team says he and  the others will soon begin a serious effort to clone humans. Panos Zavos says the team hopes to manufacture the world’s first cloned baby within the next two years.

In recent years, scientists have produced exact genetic copies of sheep and a few other animals. They created these clones from a single cell of an adult animal.

Three years ago, another American doctor, Richard Seed, announced plans to clone a human being. However, there is no evidence that he has been successful.

Doctor Zavos says the new international group plans to offer human cloning only to women who are currently not able to become pregnant or produce children. He says the aim is to assist people who want to have their own biological child.

The technology would be similar to that used to clone animals. It would involve cleaning genetic material from a woman’s egg. Doctors then would place genetic material from the woman’s husband into the egg before putting it into the woman’s uterus(子宫).

Doctor Zavos says his group plans to do the work in a country near the Mediterranean Sea. He did not name the country. He says an Italian reproductive expert, Sevorino Antinori, is leading the team. Doctor Antinori has led the efforts to help many older women become pregnant. He is known for establishing pregnancies in women as old as sixty.

Many medical experts and other groups are opposed to the idea of cloning humans. Several countries ban or restrict work on human cloning. Several doctors criticize the announcement by Doctor Zavos. They say doctors do not know if cloning humans is possible or safe. They say it would be irresponsible to attempt to clone a human being. That is because the chances of success are too small and the risks are too great.

1.The underlined word “manufacture” in the first paragraph  means “_________”.

A．produce          B．oppose           C．attempt           D．experiment

2.Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A．In theory, scientists are unlikely to clone humans.

B．Richard Seed has fallen behind other scientists in cloning humans.

C．Cloning human beings is good for men.

D．People have different ideas about cloning humans.

3.How do many medical experts and other groups like the idea of cloning humans？

A．They are in favour of the idea.

B．They are against the idea.

C．They have an optimistic attitude to the idea.

D．They think it is none of their business.

                                     MEN VS. WOMEN

COMPARING NICKNAMES

　If Laura, Suzanne, Debra and Rose go out for lunch, they will call each other Laura, Suzanne, Debra and Rose.

　If Mike, Charlie, Bob and John go out, they will affectionately refer to each other as Fat Boy, Godzilla (怪兽), Peanut-Head and Scrappy.

EATING OUT

When the bill arrives, Mike, Charlie, Bob and John will each throw in $20, even though it’s only for $32.50. None of them will have anything smaller, and none will actually admit they want change back.

　When the girls get their bill, out come the pocket calculators.

MONEY

　A man will pay $2 for a $1 item he wants.

　A woman will pay $1 for a $2 item that she doesn’t want.

BATHROOMS

　A man has six items in his bathroom: a toothbrush, comb, shaving cream, razor, a bar of soap, and a towel from the Holiday Inn.

　The average number of items in the typical woman’s bathroom is 337... A man would not be able to identify most of these items.

ARGUMENTS

　A woman has the last word in any argument.

　Anything a man says after that is the beginning of a new argument.

CATS

Women love cats.

　Men say they love cats, but when women aren’t looking, men kick cats.

FUTURE

　A woman worries about the future until she gets a husband.

　A man never worries about the future until he gets a wife.

SUCCESS

　A successful man is one who makes more money than his wife can spend.

　A successful woman is one who can find such a man.

MARRIAGE

　A woman marries a man expecting he will change, but he doesn’t.

　A man marries a woman expecting that she won’t change and she does.

DRESSING UP

A woman will dress up to go shopping, water the plants, empty the garbage, answer the phone, read a book, and get the mail.

　A man will only dress up for weddings and funerals.

NATURAL

　Men wake up as good-looking as they went to bed.

　Women somehow deteriorate (恶化) during the night.

OFFSPRING

　Ah, children. A woman knows all about her children. She knows about dentist appointments and romances, best friends, favorite foods, secret fears and hopes and dreams.

　A man is vaguely (含糊地) aware of some short people living in the house.

THOUGHT FOR THE DAY

Any married man should forget his mistakes. There’s no sense in two people remembering the same thing.

63. This passage is_________________.

A. a story           B. an advertisement         C. a report          D. a humor

64. The purpose of this passage is________________.

A. to inform the readers of some secrets between men and women

B. to remind the readers of the big differences between men and women

C. to amuse the readers using some interesting examples

D. to show that men perform better than women in our daily life

65. When the girls get their bill, they take out the pocket calculators_________________.

A. to make sure they won’t be cheated by the servant    B. so that they can share the bill equally among them

C. because they want to know what time it is now        D. if they forget to bring their mobile phones

66. What does the underlined sentence mean?

A. A man doesn’t know what to do before he gets married.

B. A man is worried about his future job after he gets married.

C. Anything unexpected will probably happen to a man after he gets married.

D. It’s not easy for a man to find a good job as a woman thinks.

                                     MEN VS. WOMEN

COMPARING NICKNAMES

　 If Laura, Suzanne, Debra and Rose go out for lunch, they will call each other Laura, Suzanne, Debra and Rose.

　 If Mike, Charlie, Bob and John go out, they will affectionately refer to each other as Fat Boy, Godzilla (怪兽), Peanut-Head and Scrappy.

EATING OUT

When the bill arrives, Mike, Charlie, Bob and John will each throw in $20, even though it’s only for $32.50. None of them will have anything smaller, and none will actually admit they want change back.

　 When the girls get their bill, out come the pocket calculators.

MONEY

　 A man will pay $2 for a $1 item he wants.

　 A woman will pay $1 for a $2 item that she doesn’t want.

BATHROOMS

　 A man has six items in his bathroom: a toothbrush, comb, shaving cream, razor, a bar of soap, and a towel from the Holiday Inn.

　 The average number of items in the typical woman’s bathroom is 337... A man would not be able to identify most of these items.

ARGUMENTS

　 A woman has the last word in any argument.

　 Anything a man says after that is the beginning of a new argument.

CATS

Women love cats.

　 Men say they love cats, but when women aren’t looking, men kick cats.

FUTURE

　 A woman worries about the future until she gets a husband.

　 A man never worries about the future until he gets a wife.

SUCCESS

　 A successful man is one who makes more money than his wife can spend.

　 A successful woman is one who can find such a man.

MARRIAGE

　 A woman marries a man expecting he will change, but he doesn’t.

　A man marries a woman expecting that she won’t change and she does.

DRESSING UP

A woman will dress up to go shopping, water the plants, empty the garbage, answer the phone, read a book, and get the mail.

　 A man will only dress up for weddings and funerals.

NATURAL

　 Men wake up as good-looking as they went to bed.

　 Women somehow deteriorate (恶化) during the night.

OFFSPRING

　 Ah, children. A woman knows all about her children. She knows about dentist appointments and romances, best friends, favorite foods, secret fears and hopes and dreams.

　 A man is vaguely (含糊地) aware of some short people living in the house.

THOUGHT FOR THE DAY

Any married man should forget his mistakes. There’s no sense in two people remembering the same thing.

1. This passage is_________________.

   A. a story           B. an advertisement         C. a report          D. a humor

2. The purpose of this passage is________________.

A. to inform the readers of some secrets between men and women

   B. to remind the readers of the big differences between men and women

   C. to amuse the readers using some interesting examples

   D. to show that men perform better than women in our daily life

3. When the girls get their bill, they take out the pocket calculators_________________.

   A. to make sure they won’t be cheated by the servant    B. so that they can share the bill equally among them

   C. because they want to know what time it is now        D. if they forget to bring their mobile phones

4. What does the underlined sentence mean?

   A. A man doesn’t know what to do before he gets married.

   B. A man is worried about his future job after he gets married.

   C. Anything unexpected will probably happen to a man after he gets married.

   D. It’s not easy for a man to find a good job as a woman thinks.