Imagine that you are on a jury and you hear the testimony（证词）of an eyewitness who says that the accused person is guilty. You would probably vote to convict the accused, don’t you think? Well, more often than not, you’d be wrong.

A few years ago, an experiment was done on an evening news show on WNBC in New York. Viewers were shown a film of what seemed to be a mugging. In this simulation, a man snatched a woman’s purse. He then knocked her down and ran face forward at the camera so that the viewers got a good look at him. Viewers were then shown a lineup of six men. They were asked to decide if the mugger was in the lineup and, if so, to tell which one he was. In effect, then, they had seven choices. The suspect was either one of the six or he wasn’t even in the lineup.

Of the 2,145 people who called up to respond, 1,843 were wrong. That means about one in seven was right. This is what you’d expect from random choice.

Eyewitness accounts can be the most convincing evidence presented to a jury. Yet we are finding out that such accounts can be faulty. Something is just wrong. Why is this so? Recent findings have removed doubts on whether memory can last long. We also know that it can be changed by things such as leading questions. Mistaken eyewitness accounts are common. They are also the major cause of innocent persons being convicted in the United States.

45．The underlined words “to convict the accused” probably means _____________.

 A．to show that the accused is wrong

 B．to express that the accused person is true

 C．to declare that the accused person is guilty

 D．to explain that the eyewitness is dangerous

46．Of the people who called up to respond, _____________.

 A．half of them were right                            B．2,145 were on a jury

 C．six out of seven were wrong                     D．1,843 made seven choices

47．We also know that _____________ can be changed.

A． evidence                 B． memory           C．eyewitness         D．accounts

48．What is the passage mainly about?

A．Evidence should be more convincing.

B．Eyewitness accounts can be wrong.

C．Not all judges are good at their jobs.

D．Major causes of innocent persons being convicted.

    Imagine that you are on a jury and you hear the testimony of an eyewitness who says that the accused person is guilty. You would probably vote to convict the accused, don’t you think? Well, more often than not, you’d be wrong.

A few years ago, an experiment was done on an evening news show on WNBC in New York. Viewers were shown a film of what seemed to be a mugging. In this simulation, a man snatched a woman’s purse. He then knocked her down and ran face forward at the camera so that the viewers got a good look at him. Viewers were then shown a lineup of six men. They were asked to decide if the mugger was in the lineup and, if so, to tell which one he was. In effect, then, they had seven choices. The suspect was either one of the six or he wasn’t even in the lineup.

Of the 2,145 people who called up to respond, 1,843 were wrong. That means about one in seven was right. This is what you’d expect from random choice.

Eyewitness accounts can be the most convincing evidence presented to a jury. Yet we are finding out that such accounts can be faulty. Something is just wrong. Why is this so? Recent findings have removed doubts on whether memory can last long. We also know that it can be changed by things such as leading questions. Mistaken eyewitness accounts are common. They are also the major cause of innocent persons being convicted in the United States.

1．The underlined words “to convict the accused” probably means _____________.

       A．to show that the accused is wrong

       B．to express that the accused person is true

       C．to declare that the accused person is guilty

       D．to explain that the eyewitness is dangerous

2．Of the people who called up to respond, _____________.

       A．half of them were right                         B．2,145 were on a jury

       C．six out of seven were wrong                 D．1,843 made seven choices

3．We also know that _____________ can be changed.

    A．evidence              B．memory              C．eyewitness          D．accounts

4．What is the passage mainly about?

       A．Evidence should be more convincing.

       B．Eyewitness accounts can be wrong.

       C．Not all judges are good at their jobs.

       D．Major causes of innocent persons being convicted.

When I first entered university, my aunt, who is an English professor, gave me a new English dictionary. I was   1   to see that it was an English English dictionary, also known as a monolingual（单语的） dictionary.   2   it was a dictionary intended for non-native learners, none of my classmates had one and, to be honest, I found it extremely  3   to use at first. I would look up words in the dictionary and still not fully understand the meaning. I was used to the    4   bilingual（双语的）dictionaries, in which the words are    5   both in English and Chinese. I really wondered why my aunt   6   to make things so difficult for me. Now, after studying English at university for three years, I   7  that monolingual dictionaries are   8  in learning a foreign language.

   As I found out, there is in fact often no perfect equivalence(对应) between two  9   in two language. My aunt even goes so far as to  10  that a Chinese “equivalent” can never give you the   11  meaning of a word in English! Therefore, she insisted that I read the definition(定义) of a word in a monolingual dictionary when I wanted to get a better understanding of its meaning.  12   , I have come to see what she meant. 

Using a monolingual dictionary for learners has helped me in another important way. This dictionary uses a(n)   13   number of words, around 2, 000, in its definitions. When I read these definitions, I am  14  exposed to the basic words and learn how they are used to explain objects and ideas.  15  this, I can express myself more easily in English.

A．worried          B．sad                    C．surprised        D．nervous

A．Because             B．Although                      C．Unless          D．If

A．difficult              B．interesting             C．ambiguous      D．practical

A．new                  B．familiar                 C．earlier          D．ordinary

A．explained            B．expressed              C．described               D．created

A．offered              B．agreed                   C．decided         D．happened

A．imagine               B．recommend            C．predict           D．understand

A．natural               B．better                  C．easier             D．convenient

A．words               B．names                  C．ideas            D．characters

A．hope               B．declare                 C．doubt             D．tell

A．exact                B．basic                   C．translated       D．expected

A．Largely             B．Generally             C．Gradually        D．Probably

A．extra                       B．average                C．total             D．limited

A．repeatedly         B．nearly                  C．immediately    D．anxiously

A．According to      B．In relation to           C．In addition to D．Because of

When I first entered university, my aunt, who is an English professor, gave me a new English dictionary. I was   1  to see that it was an English English dictionary, also known as a monolingual（单语的） dictionary.   2  it was a dictionary intended for non-native learners, none of my classmates had one and, to be honest, I found it extremely  3  to use at first. I would look up words in the dictionary and still not fully understand the meaning. I was used to the   4  bilingual（双语的）dictionaries, in which the words are    5  both in English and Chinese. I really wondered why my aunt   6  to make things so difficult for me. Now, after studying English at university for three years, I   7 that monolingual dictionaries are  8 in learning a foreign language.
As I found out, there is in fact often no perfect equivalence(对应) between two  9  in two language. My aunt even goes so far as to  10 that a Chinese “equivalent” can never give you the   11 meaning of a word in English! Therefore, she insisted that I read the definition(定义) of a word in a monolingual dictionary when I wanted to get a better understanding of its meaning. 12  , I have come to see what she meant. 
Using a monolingual dictionary for learners has helped me in another important way. This dictionary uses a(n)   13  number of words, around 2, 000, in its definitions. When I read these definitions, I am  14 exposed to the basic words and learn how they are used to explain objects and ideas.  15 this, I can express myself more easily in English.

When I first entered university, my aunt, who is an English professor, gave me a new English dictionary. I was   1  to see that it was an English English dictionary, also known as a monolingual（单语的） dictionary.   2  it was a dictionary intended for non-native learners, none of my classmates had one and, to be honest, I found it extremely  3  to use at first. I would look up words in the dictionary and still not fully understand the meaning. I was used to the   4  bilingual（双语的）dictionaries, in which the words are    5  both in English and Chinese. I really wondered why my aunt   6  to make things so difficult for me. Now, after studying English at university for three years, I   7 that monolingual dictionaries are  8 in learning a foreign language.

As I found out, there is in fact often no perfect equivalence(对应) between two  9  in two language. My aunt even goes so far as to  10 that a Chinese “equivalent” can never give you the   11 meaning of a word in English! Therefore, she insisted that I read the definition(定义) of a word in a monolingual dictionary when I wanted to get a better understanding of its meaning. 12  , I have come to see what she meant. 

Using a monolingual dictionary for learners has helped me in another important way. This dictionary uses a(n)   13  number of words, around 2, 000, in its definitions. When I read these definitions, I am  14 exposed to the basic words and learn how they are used to explain objects and ideas.  15 this, I can express myself more easily in English.