A student walks into his first class and realizes he forgot all about the midterm exam. He knows he needs to bring his grades up, and getting a zero will make it nearly impossible. He quickly jots down some notes and shoves them under his lap hoping it will help him pass. Cheating is a major concern in all academic environments. Students are creating new and more outrageous(令人吃惊的) ways of cheating every day; some claim that certain accounts of cheating can be justified, but overall it can always be prevented.
Cheating has been around forever, and millions of ways to cheat have been fashioned. Copying homework and cheat sheets are some of the most basic ways students in all education levels have cheated. Some students think nothing about writing a few answers on their hand, in a gum wrapper, or boldly using a study guide to cheat. Desperate students have even gone as far as to steal the test or scan in bottle wrappers and put answers into the nutrition label. The internet has now become available in almost every location. Computers can be accessed at school, at home, and now even on cell phones. This opens a doorway for even more methods of cheating to be born.
There are countless opinions on whether or not cheating can be justified. The truth is this behavior will always be a matter of opinion with each scenario of cheating. Students often rationalize their cheating by claiming they forgot to look over the material or did not understand what the teacher or professor was saying. Some may counter these arguments by saying that the student could have set reminders or asked the teacher to explain the material before the day of the test. Some other reasons students believe cheating is justified are their heavy workloads and trying to find time for school, sports, friends, and family. This may be true in certain instances, however, all students have these problems, and it is unfair to the students refrain(制止) from cheating when the student who is dishonest receives a better grade. The majority of students who think cheating is acceptable may believe the reason for this is that sometimes students are unaware they are cheating, there is not enough time given for assignments, or that the information is too much for the course.
It may be difficult to accomplish, but cheating can be prevented. Teachers and professors have tried many options to stop cheating. These options can range anywhere from simply spreading test-takers out in a room, to expelling(驱逐) a student, which will most likely hindertheir plans of getting into another college. One simple way to fix the problem is to scold the student when caught. They may be so scared or embarrassed that they never do it again. This is a risky way to prevent cheating in some cases, however, because it can possibly damage self-esteem. Another simple way to avoid cheating is to create many different kinds of the same test. This prohibits students from getting the answers off of a neighbor's test, but students still have the option of using other cheating tactics.
There may be a million ways to cheat and get away with it, but there are few times, if any, that it is justified. Cheating never has to be a necessity and is never worth compromising morals and losing years worth of working towards a degree. This problem is spreading throughout America; with everyone's help, it can be stopped.
【小题1】Which is the best title of this passage?

                              D

The year is 2094. It has been announced that a comet (彗星) is heading towards the Earth . Most of it will miss our planet , but two pieces will probably hit the southern half of the Earth .

On 17 July , a piece four kilometers wide enters the Earth’s atmosphere (大气层) with a massive explosion . About half of the piece is destroyed , but the remaining part hits the South Atlantic at 200 times the speed of sound . The sea boils and a huge hole is made in the sea bed . Huge waves are created and spread outwards from the hole . The wall of water , a kilometer high , rushes towards southern Africa at 800 kilometers an hour . Cities on the African coast are totally destroyed and millions of people re drowned .

Before the waves reach South America , the second piece of the comet lands in Argentina . Earthquakes and volcanoes are set off in the Andes Mountains . The shock waves move north into California and all around the Pacific Ocean . The cities of Los Angeles , San Francisco and Tokyo are completely destroyed by earthquakes . Millions of people in the southern half of the earth are already dead, but the north won’t escape for long . Because of the explosions , the sun is hidden by clouds of dust , temperatures around the world fall to almost zero .Crops are ruined . The sun won’t be seen again for many years . Wars break out as countries fight for food . A year later , no more than 10 million people remain alive .

Could it really happen ? In fact , it has already happened more than once in the history of the Earth . The dinosaurs were on the Earth for over 160 million years . Then 65 million years ago they suddenly disappeared . Many scientists believe that the Earth was hit by a piece of object in space . The dinosaurs couldn’t live through the cold climate that followed and they died out . Will we meet the same end ?

1.What is mainly described in the passage ?

2.When the first piece hits the South Atlantic , it causes           .

3.Why can’t the northern half of the earth escape for long ?

Walking down a path through some woods in Georgia, I saw a small pool of water ahead on the path．I angled my direction to go around it on the part of the path that wasn't covered by water or mud．As I reached the pool, I was suddenly attacked! Yet I did nothing for the attack．It was so unpredictable and from somewhere totally unexpected．I was surprised as well as unhurt though I had been struck four or five times．I backed up a foot and my attacker stopped attacking me．Had I been hurt I wouldn't have found it amusing．And I was laughing．After all, I was being attacked by a butterfly!

　 Having stopped, laughing, I took a step forward．My attacker rushed me again．He charged towards me at full speed, attempting to hurt me but in vain．For a second time, I took a step backwards while my attacker paused．I wasn't sure what to do．After all, it's just not everyday that one is attacked by a butterfly．I stepped back to look the situation over．My attacker moved back to land on the ground．That's when I discovered why my attacker was charging me only moments earlier．He had a mate and she was dying．

　 Sitting close beside her, he opened and closed his wings as if to fan her．I could only admire the love and courage of that butterfly in his concern for his mate．He had taken it up on himself to attack me for his mate's sake （缘故）, even though she was clearly dying and I was so large．He did so just to give her those extra few precious moments of life, should I have been careless enough to step on her．His courage in attacking something thousands of times larger and heavier than himself just for his mate's safety seemed admirable．I couldn't do anything other than reward him by walking on the more difficult side of the pool．He had truly earned those moments to be with her, undisturbed．　 　

　 Since then, I've always tried to remember the courage of that butterfly whenever I see huge barriers facing me.

56．Why did the writer change his direction while walking down a path?

　 A．To get close to a butterfly.　 B．To look over the bad situation.

　 C．To escape a sudden attack.　　 D．To avoid getting his shoes dirty.

57．What made the man feel funny?

　 A．Making the attacker pause.　　 B．Being attacked by a butterfly.

　 C．Being stepped on by his mate.　 D．Discovering the energetic butterfly.

58．From this experience the man learned　　　 .

　 A．what he should do when faced with trouble

　 B．people should show sympathy to the weak

　 C．how he should deal with attacks

　 D．people should protect butterflies

59．Which of the following words can best describe the butterfly?

　 A．Careless．　 B．Amusing．　 　 C．Courageous．　 D．Aggressive.

　　A king cobra (眼镜蛇) is an ugly-looking snake at any time. But when he is 1 and is crawling through the grass towards your face, your terror becomes terrific. Shells from the enemy's guns were bursting around us, I was 2 flat behind a big rock. The snake, too, was looking for a safe place. When he saw the rock, he 3 straight for it, and me. I didn't move, 4 he would pass by. He didn't.

　　The cobra's head was 5 two feet of my face when he saw me. He 6 back a little, then lifted his head, 7 to strike.

　　The ride was long and hard. 8 over rough roads hurt my leg 9 . But it has been over an hour since the 10 struck, and I was still 11 . And life was sweet…

　　When we reached the field hospital, they rushed me into the operating room, 12 several cuts in my leg, and gave me some dope. From their 13 , I could tell they were getting ready to cut off my leg. I begged them not to.

　　“Sir,” I said to the oldest doctor, “I made up my mind 14 I was going to die, I would rather die than be sent home 15 pieces.”

　　He was a pretty good man. He smiled and said they wouldn't take it off.

　　They did 16 they could do for me. For sixty days my leg 17 rotted off. But eight months later I walked a shore at San Francisco. You 18 never know how good it was.

　　Later they gave me the Purple Heart (紫心勋章). I laughed when the man 19 it on me. I told him that I wasn't wounded. I was snake 20 .

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One day, when I was a freshman in high school, I saw Kyle from my class walking home from school. It looked like he was carrying all of his books. I thought to myself, "Why would anyone bring home all his books on a Friday? He must really be a nerd (a foolish person)." I had quite a weekend planned, so I shrugged my shoulders and went on.

As I was walking, I saw a bunch of kids running towards him. They knocked all his books out of his arms and tripped(绊倒) him so he landed in the dirt. His glasses went flying, and I saw them land in the glass about ten feet from him. He looked up and I saw this terrible sadness in his eyes. So, I jogged over to him and as he crawled around looking for his glasses, I saw a tear in his eye.

As I handed him his glasses, I said, "Those guys are jerks. They really should go to hell." He looked at me and said, "Hey, thanks!" There was a big smile on his face. It was one of those smiles that showed real thankfulness. I asked him where he lived. As it turned out, he lived near me.

Over the next four years, Kyle and I became best friends. I teased him all the time about being a nerd. He had to prepare a speech for graduation. As he started his speech, he cleared his throat, and began. "Graduation is a time to thank those who helped you make it through those tough years. I am here to tell you a story."

I just looked at my friend with disbelief as he told the story of the first day we met. He had planned to kill himself over the weekend. He talked of how he had cleaned out his locker so his Mom wouldn't have to do it later and was carrying his stuff home. He looked hard at me and gave me a little smile. "Thankfully, I was saved. My friend saved me from doing the unspeakable."

I heard the gasp(倒吸气) go through the crowd as this handsome, popular boy told us all about his weakest moment. I saw his Mom and Dad looking at me and smiling that same grateful smile. Not until that moment did I realize its depth.

1.Why did Kyle carry all his books home?

A. Because it was Friday.

B. Because he was a nerd.

C. Because he wanted to kill himself.

D. Because he liked doing things for his mother.

2.Which of the statements is TRUE according to the passage?

A. The bunch of kids attacked Kyle to have his glasses and books.

B. The author planned to study all weekend after he met Kyle.

C. The author was a freshman when Kyle gave the speech.

D. Kyle felt grateful to the author for his help.

3.What can we infer from the passage?

A. When Kyle couldn't find the glass, he turned to the author for help.

B. The author teased Kyle a lot about being a nerd.

C. The author didn't expect Kyle to tell the story.

D. Kyle thanked his parents first for saving his life.

4.What does the underlined "them" in the 2nd paragraph refer to?

A. The kids.       B. Kyle's books.         C. Kyle's glasses.        D. Kyle's arms.